Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) – is capable of oxidizing ethanol as substrate to

produce acetic acid in neutral a and acidic media under aerobic conditions. They
are mainly associated the biotechnological process of vinegar and cellulose
production
Pseudomonas – a group of soil bacteria that contain some extremely diverse
chemical abilities, which biotech has harnessed in bioremediation

Saccharomyces cerevisiea – is brewers and bakers yeast , and as such is

probably the most widely exploited microorganism. It is also used in
recombinant DNA work

Streptomyces – this gram – positive bacteria are used to produce a range of

chemicals, especially antibiotics. They have also been used as the host for
genetic engineering.
 Corynebacterium glutanicum – is widely used in fermentation processes
producing amino acids for food supplements.

Escherichia coli – this gram – negative bacterium is by far the most common
host cell for recombinant DNA work, it is also used in fermentation to make
amino acids.

Penicillium – a group of filamentous fungi used primarily to produce penicillin

antibiotics
Clostridium acetobutylicum – a bacterium used as a source of enzymes. They
are also well known for its historical use as an industrial producer of the
organic solvents such as butanol, ethanol and acetone

Streptococcus thermophiles and lactobacillus bulgaricus – is tradicionally used

in fermented foods. In yogurt production, it works together with streptococcus
thermophiles and converts milk into the final product bu synthesizing acid,
pesticides and many other compounds
Aspergillus – a type of fila mentous fungus that has been used for genetic
engineering in a few cases and which is also used to procedure citric acid by
fermentation.

Bacillus subtilis – this gram- positive bacterium is widely used as a cloning

host, especially for the expression of secreted proteins

Candida utilis – a yeast used in fermentations to produce chemicals. It is also

used as a food aditive