The Making of The National Movement

I Answer the following in one sentence each:

Q.1 Why was the Vernacular Press Act enacted?
Ans. The Vernacular Press Act was enacted to silence all those who were critical of the
British Government.
Q.2 Name the British officer who was responsible for the formation of the Indian
National Congress?
Ans Allan Octavian Hume
Q.3 Who partitioned Bengal in 1905?
Ans Viceroy Lord Curzon
Q.4. When and where was the Muslim League formed?
Ans In 1906 at Dacca
Q.5 Why was the Rowlatt Act oppressive?
Ans The Rowlatt Act curbed the Fundamental Rights of the Indians and strengthened
the powers of the police
II Answer the following in three to four sentences each:
Q.1 Why was the Non-Cooperation Movement called off by Mahatma Gandhi?
Ans. 1. In February 1922, the peasants organized a peaceful demonstration.
2. The police opened fire at them.
3. In retaliation, the peasants burned the police station and 22 policemen were
burned alive.
4. Gandhiji felt that the Indians have to be trained to be non-violent.
Therefore, he called off the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Q2. Describe the Dandi March.
Ans. 1. Mahatma Gandhi thought that it was sinful to tax salt as it is an essential
item of our food.
2. Gandhiji and his followers marched for over 240 miles from Sabarmati
Ashram to Dandi.
3. They broke the government law by gathering natural salt by boiling water
from the sea to produce salt.
4. Peasants, tribals and women participated in large numbers.
Q.3 Why did Mahatma Gandhi choose to break the Salt Law?
Ans 1. According to the Salt Law, the state had the monopoly on the manufacture
and sale of salt.
2. Mahatma Gandhi declared that it was sinful to tax salt as salt is an essential
item of our food.
3. Therefore in 1930 Mahatma Gandhi decided to lead a march to Dandi to
break the Salt Law.
Q.4 Why did the Muslim League ask for an autonomous arrangement for the Muslims?
Ans. 1. From the late 1930’s the League began viewing the Muslims as a separate
‘nation’.
2. The provincial election convinced the League that they were in minority
3. It feared the Muslims may even go unrepresented
4. Their desire to form a joint Congress-League government was rejected by
the Congress.
Therefore, the league asked for an autonomous arrangement.
Q.5 Why did the Congress ministry resign in 1939?
Ans. 1. In September 1939 the Second World War broke out.
2. Congress leaders were ready to support the British war effort.
3. In return they wanted Independence to be granted after the war.
4. The British refused to grant independence so the Congress ministry
resigned after the war.