Quiz Questionnaires

1. What is wet processing?

The process which is used for de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing is termed as
wet processing.

2. What is Chroma?
The dullness of vividness of color describing is known Chroma.

3. What is shade?
The meaning of shade is concentration. Usually, the depth of the tone of color is known as shade. It is
three types such as light shade, medium shade and deep shade.

4. What is pigment?
It is normally a substance in particulate form which is substantially insoluble in a medium but which can
be mechanically dispersed in this medium to modify its color and light.

5. What is stripping?
If the textile goods become uneven dyeing and insoluble for using then the color has to be distorted.
The process to destroying of removing dye or finish form fibres or fabrics is known as stripping.

6. What is topping?
The application of further colorant not necessarily of the same hue or class to a dyed substance in order
to adjust the latter to the desired final color is known as topping.

7. What do you mean by after treatment?

The process which is used for proper and perfect dyeing action is known as after treatment. In case of
direct dye, after treatment is done for increasing light fastness and wash fastness of dyed materials. Dye
particle is done insoluble into the fiber after treatment.

8. What is thickener?
It used in textile printing which is a main part of high molecular weight compound giving viscose paste in
water. Thickener imparts stickiness and plasticity to the printing paste so that it can be applied to a
fabric surface without color spreading.

9. What is ageing?
It is consisting of exposing printing goods to more or less prolonged action of steam at atmospheric
pressure to assist in the diffusion and fixation of the dyes.
10. What is hue?
The attribute of color whereby it is recognized as being predominantly red, green, blue, yellow, violet,
brown etc. in simple words, a color of color is hue.

11. What do you mean by dyeing affinity?

The affinity of dye to the fibre is known as dyeing affinity.

12. What is additive color?

It is a mixture of colored light. The three primary colors of red, green and blue when mixed together is
equal proportions then produce white light. Mixing the three additives primaries in differing amounts
can create any color in the rainbow. Color televisions use the principle of additive color mixing.

13. What is color recipe?

List of component chemicals and pigments or dyestuff with relative quantities required to produce
desired color.

14. What is fashion color?

Color within a color range perceived as being fashionable.

15. What is flocking?

The application of short fibers to a base fabric by the direct printing of adhesive onto the fabric in the
desired areas and then sticking the fibers to these areas.

16. What is tie dye?

It is a method of patterning fabric by tyring areas of fabric and then dyeing.

17. What is screen printing?

It is a method of printing whereby the color is applied by what is essentially a stenciling process.

18. What is roller printing?

It is a method of printing fabric that uses engraved copper rollers.

19. What is over dyeing?

When dyeing take place on top of a previous coloring process.
20. What is crocking?
It is the method of transferring color by rubbing.

21. What is chromophore?

The part of the molecular structure of an organic dye or pigment responsible for color is known as
chromophore.

22. What do you mean by C.M.S?

In textile dyeing industry, C.M.S stands at carboxyl methyl cellulose.

23. What is the abbreviation of T.R.O?

The abbreviation of T.R.O is Turkey red Oil.

24. How azoic dyes are produced?

Ans: By reaction of two components Diaz component (Salt/Base) and Coupling component (Napthol).

25. What are the different names of azoic dye?

Ans: 1. Ice color, 2. Magic color, 3. Napthol color, 4. Pigment color.

26. What is textile printing?

Ans: Textile printing is the process of applying colour to fabric in definite patterns or designs. In properly
printed fabrics the colour is bonded with the fiber, so as to resist washing and friction.

27. List out the printing ingredients.

Ans:
Dyes/pigment, Wetting agent, Thickener,Solvents/dispersing agent,Defoaming agent,Oxidizing and
reducing agent,Catalyst and oxygen carrier,Acids and alkalis,Carrier and swelling agent,Miscellaneous
agents.

28. Why normal thickeners are not suitable for printing with reactive dyes?
Ans: They contain terminal –OH group which readily reacts with reactive dye.

29. What is mercerization?

Ans: It is physio chemical process when cotton /yarn is treated with 15-25% (55-65%◦ Tw) caustic soda
solution at a temperature of 20-30◦ C

30. Why mercerization is used?

Ans: To increase the luster of fabric.
31. What is chromogen?
Ans: The dye structure which contain both chromophore and auxochrome is called chromogen.

32. What is the mean of H.E.C?

Ans: Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose.

33. What is the reactive group of reactive dye?

Ans: Vinyl sulhone group & halogen group.

34. Why salt is used in dyeing process?

Ans: salt is used as a electrolyte for penetration of dye from dye bath to fabric.

35. Why wetting agent is used in dyeing process?

Ans: To decrease the surface tension of water and increase the wettability of substrate.

36. Why sequestering agent is used?

Ans: To remove hardness of water.

37. What is printing?

Ans: Printing is a localized dyeing.

38. Where binder is used?

Ans: In pigment printing.

39. Why binder is used in pigment printing?

Ans: For consist the dye in the surface of fabric.

40. What is the difference between dye & pigment?

Ans: Dye is soluble or insoluble but pigment is always insoluble in water.

41. What is styles of printing?

Ans: 1.Direct printing, 2.Discharge printing, 3.Resist printing

42. What are synthetic thickeners?

Ans: Solution of synthetic polymers. Slightly cross-linked co-polymer of acrylic acid derivatives and
acrylic ester disperse in water but remain insoluble.
43. What are the advantages of synthetic thickeners?
Ans: On addition of alkali such as ammonia, the carboxylic acid group dissociates forming the
carboxylate because of the repulsion of the negative charges. A colloidal solution result with a
substantial increase in viscosity. The polymer does not dissolve because of the crosslinks between the
polymer chain.

44. What is rotary screen?

Ans: In rotary screen printing coloured paste forced through the open areas of a cylindrical printing
screen that rotates as the fabric moves beneath it .

45. What is the squeeze systems used in rotary screen printing machine?
Ans:
Rubber Squeeze. Double Squeeze. Magnetic rod Squeeze.

46. What are the advantages of rotary screen printing machine?

Ans:
High productivity. Quality of end result. Evenness of color.

47. What is the fundamental mechanism of screen printing?

Ans: Hydrodynamic pressure is built up in the print paste between the squeegee and screen surface
through which paste is passed.

48. What is the effect of acids and alkali on silk?

Ans:
Effects of Acids:
Strong acid : Decompose
Dilute acids: Not attack.
Effects of alkali:
Conc. caustic alkali: Silk dissolved.
Ammonia causes : Little appreciable damage.

49. What type of dyes are used for wool dyeing?

Ans; Acid, Mordant, Premetalized, reactive dye stuff is Suitable.