QUIZ 4 Answer key

Test II

1. The drag polar equation of a light propeller-driven aircraft in clean configuration is:
CD=0.035+0.051CL2
If the aircraft is flying at a velocity where the power required is minimum, determine its
drag force (in lb, nearest hundredths). The aircraft weighs 2071 lbs.
Solve using standard English units. (10 pts)

Given:

𝐶𝐷 = 0.035 + 0.051𝐶𝐿 2
𝑊 = 2,071 𝑙𝑏𝑠

Required:

𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ?

Solution:

For 𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 :
𝑊
𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝐶𝐿𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞
⁄𝐶
𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝐶𝐿 3
At minimum power required, ⁄ 2 is maximum.
𝐶𝐷

𝐶𝐿 3 1
at ( ⁄ 2) :𝐶 = 𝐶
𝐶𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝐷0 3 𝐷𝑖

For 𝐶𝐿 :

𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.051𝐶𝐿 2

𝐶𝐷𝑖
𝐶𝐿 = √
0.051

Since 3𝐶𝐷0 = 𝐶𝐷𝑖 ;

 3𝐶𝐷0 3(0.035)
𝐶𝐿 = √ =√
0.051 0.051

𝐶𝐿 = 1.435

For 𝐶𝐷 :
𝐶𝐷 = 𝐶𝐷0 + 𝐶𝐷𝑖

𝐶𝐷 = 4𝐶𝐷0

𝐶𝐷 = 4(0.035)
𝐶𝐷 = 0.14

For 𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 :
𝑊
𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝐶𝐿𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞
⁄𝐶
𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 𝑚𝑖𝑛

2,071 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
1.435
( )
0.14
𝐷𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 202.07 𝑙𝑏𝑠
2. The drag polar equation of a light propeller-driven aircraft in clean configuration is:
CD=0.027+0.049CL2
For a weight of 1924 lb, determine the minimum thrust required (in lb, nearest
hundredths). Assume level flight. Solve using standard English units. (10 pts)

Given:

𝐶𝐷 = 0.027 + 0.049𝐶𝐿 2

𝑊 = 1,924 𝑙𝑏𝑠

Required:

𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ?

Solution:

For 𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 :
𝑊
𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝐶
( 𝐿⁄𝐶 )
𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝐶
at ( 𝐿⁄𝐶 ) :𝐶𝐷0 = 𝐶𝐷𝑖
𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥

For 𝐶𝐿 :

𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.049𝐶𝐿 2

𝐶𝐷𝑖
𝐶𝐿 = √
0.049

Since 𝐶𝐷0 = 𝐶𝐷𝑖 ;

𝐶𝐷0 (0.027)
𝐶𝐿 = √ =√
0.049 0.049

𝐶𝐿 = 0.742
For 𝐶𝐷 :
𝐶𝐷 = 𝐶𝐷0 + 𝐶𝐷𝑖

𝐶𝐷 = 2𝐶𝐷0

𝐶𝐷 = 2(0.027)
𝐶𝐷 = 0.054

For 𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 :
𝑊
𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝐶𝐿
( ⁄𝐶 )
𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥

1,924 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
0.742
( )
0.054
𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 139.96 𝑙𝑏𝑠
3. A certain reciprocating-engine can deliver 130 HP to the propeller shaft. Determine the
Power Available if the propeller efficiency is 85%. Provide Answer in Horsepower and
round off to the nearest hundredths. (10 pts)

Given:

𝐵𝐻𝑃 = 130 𝐻𝑃
𝜂𝑝 = 85%

Required:

𝑇𝐻𝑃𝐴𝑉 = ?

Solution:

For 𝑇𝐻𝑃𝐴𝑉 :
𝑇𝐻𝑃𝐴𝑉 = 𝐵𝐻𝑃 × 𝜂𝑝

𝑇𝐻𝑃𝐴𝑉 = 130 𝐻𝑃 × 0.85

𝑇𝐻𝑃𝐴𝑉 = 110.5 𝐻𝑃
4. An aircraft is flying straight and level at a certain altitude with a velocity of 218 fps.
Determine the power required if the wing area is 111 ft2 and the total drag coefficient is
0.06. Assume SSLC (ρ=0.002377 slug/ft3). Provide answer in 𝑓𝑡−𝑙𝑏 𝑠
and round off to the
nearest whole number. Solve using standard English units. (10 pts)

Given:

𝑉 = 218 𝑓𝑝𝑠

𝑆 = 111 𝑓𝑡 2
𝐶𝐷 = 0.06

Required:

𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑑 = ?

Solution:

For 𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑑 :

𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑑 = 𝐷𝑉
1
𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑑 = ( 𝜌𝑉 2 𝑆𝐶𝐷 ) 𝑉
2
1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑓𝑡 2 𝑓𝑡
𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑑 = ( ) (0.002377 𝑓𝑡 3 ) (218 𝑠 ) (111 𝑓𝑡 2 )(0.06) (218 𝑠 )
2
𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏
𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑑 = 82,005
𝑠
5. A 19,257 N aircraft equipped with rectangular wing with a span of 11 m and a chord of 1.5
m is flying at a speed corresponding to minimum drag at a constant altitude of 8,111 m
(standard atmosphere). If its drag equation is CD = 0.03 + 0.042CL2, what is the aircraft
speed (in mps, nearest hundredths)? (15 pts)

Given:

𝑊 = 19,257 𝑁
𝑏 = 11 𝑚
𝑐 = 1.5 𝑚
ℎ = 8,111 𝑚

𝐶𝐷 = 0.03 + 0.042𝐶𝐿 2

Required:

𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ?

Solution:

For 𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 :

𝑊 2 1
𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 = √( ) ( ) ( )
𝑆 𝜌 𝐶𝐿𝐷
𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝐶𝐿
At minimum drag, ⁄𝐶 is maximum.
𝐷

𝐶
at ( 𝐿⁄𝐶 ) : 𝐶𝐷0 = 𝐶𝐷𝑖
𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥

For 𝐶𝐿 :

𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.051𝐶𝐿 2

𝐶𝐷𝑖
𝐶𝐿 = √
0.051

Since 𝐶𝐷0 = 𝐶𝐷𝑖 ;

 𝐶𝐷0 (0.03)
𝐶𝐿 = √ =√
0.051 0.042

𝐶𝐿 = 0.845

For 𝜌:

𝑎ℎ 4.26
𝜌 = 𝜌0 (1 + )
𝑇0
𝐾 4.26
𝑘𝑔 (−0.00651 𝑚 )(8,111 𝑚)
𝜌= 1.225 𝑚3 (1 + )
288 𝐾
𝑘𝑔
𝜌 = 0.517 𝑚3

For 𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 :

19,257 𝑁 2 1
𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 = √( )( ) ( )
11 𝑚 × 1.5𝑚 0.517 𝑘𝑔3 0.845
𝑚
𝑚
𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 73.09 𝑠
6. A 19,497 N aircraft equipped with rectangular wing with a half-span of 5.5 m and a chord
of 1.5 m is flying at a speed corresponding to minimum power required at a constant
altitude of 7,874 m (standard atmosphere). If its drag equation is CD = 0.022 + 0.04CL2,
what is the aircraft speed (in mps, nearest hundredths)? Solve using standard metric
system. (15 pts)

Given:

𝑊 = 19,497 𝑁
𝑏/2 = 5.5 𝑚
𝑐 = 1.5 𝑚
ℎ = 7,874 𝑚

𝐶𝐷 = 0.022 + 0.04𝐶𝐿 2

Required:

𝑉𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ?

Solution:

For 𝑉𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 :

𝑊 2 1
𝑉𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = √( ) ( ) ( )
𝑆 𝜌 𝐶𝐿𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝐶𝐿 3
At minimum power required, ⁄ 2 is maximum.
𝐶𝐷

𝐶𝐿 3 1
at ( ⁄ 2) :𝐶 = 𝐶
𝐶𝐷 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝐷0 3 𝐷𝑖

For 𝐶𝐿 :

𝐶𝐷𝑖 = 0.04𝐶𝐿 2

𝐶𝐷
𝐶𝐿 = √ 𝑖
0.04
Since 3𝐶𝐷0 = 𝐶𝐷𝑖 ;

3𝐶𝐷0 3(0.022)
𝐶𝐿 = √ =√
0.04 0.04

𝐶𝐿 = 1.285

For 𝜌:

𝑎ℎ 4.26
𝜌 = 𝜌0 (1 + )
𝑇0
𝐾 4.26
𝑘𝑔 (−0.00651 𝑚 )(7,874 𝑚)
𝜌= 1.225 𝑚3 (1 + )
288 𝐾
𝑘𝑔
𝜌 = 0.525 𝑚3

For 𝑉𝐷𝑚𝑖𝑛 :

19,497 𝑁 2 1
𝑉𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = √( )( 𝑘𝑔 )( )
2 × 5.5 𝑚 × 1.5𝑚 0.525 3 1.285
𝑚
𝑚
𝑉𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 58.83 𝑠