I.

Objectives
 Define ratio
 Define proportion
 Solve problems involving ratio and proportion.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Proportion
References: Mathematics Learners’ Material 9
Materials: Chalk and chalkboard
Visual aids
III. Procedures

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preparatory Activities

1. Greetings!

“Good Afternoon, Class!” “Good Afternoon, Ma’am Shai!”

“Arrange your chairs and pick up all the pieces of (Students arrange their chairs and start picking
paper near you.” up some papers on the floor.”

2. Checking of Attendance (Students will tell who’s the absent.)

B. Motivation
“I have here a word search puzzle. Now, you are
going to encircle or write it on the board the word “Yes, Ma’am!”
that gets your attention. Understand, class?”

WORD PUZZLE SEARCH!

T P R P A P I C T R
A E V R R A C O E E
S R R O T P I E X L
E P O P P T S T S O
M E M O A O R C O V
E N S R S E R A M M
R D E T M E A I U E
T I A I A R N H O A
X C R O E S N A C N
E U C N N L T T H S

“Okay, let’s start!” (The students raise their hands)

“Ma’am!”

MEANS
EXTREMES
RATIO
“Very good, class!” PROPORTION
C. Presentation

“Based on our activity class, do you have an

idea what will be our lesson this afternoon?” “Our lesson this afternoon is all about Ratio
and Proportion, Ma’am!”
“Yes, Very good Trisha!”

“Let’s define ratio”

“In your own idea, what is a ratio? Megan? “Ratio is the comparison of two quantities or
numbers, Ma’am.”
“Exactly, Megan! Very good”

Ratio is used to compare two or more

 quantities.

“Can you give me an example of Ratio, “In section Amethyst, there are 12 boys and 24
Jacquiline?” girls.”

“Very good, Jacquiline! And you can write the

ratio as: 12:24 (colon) or 12/24 (fraction).”

“Can we simplify 12/24?” “Yes, Ma’am”

“How, Lyron?” 1. “Find the greatest common divisor of both the

numerator and the denominator, Ma’am. Then
divide both with the greatest common divisor.”
“And the answer is ½, Ma’am.”

“Very good, Lyron!”

“So, we can say that 12/24 is equal to ½? “Yes, Ma’am.”

“So, if the two ratios are equal we called it

PROPORTION!”

Proportion is the equality of two ratios.

It is written in the form,

a : b = c : d

means

Extremes

Example:

12 : 15 = 16 : 20

It is read as “12 is to 25 as 16 is to 20”

“Now, who can solve it on the board using

cross product. To prove that they are equal.”
“Liza, try it on the board.” 12 16
=
15 20
15 x 16 = 240
12 x 20 = 240
“Very good, Liza!” Each has an answer of 240.

Let’s try to answer this one.

Let’s say,
Find the n in the equation.

n 10
=
3 15

*find the product of the means and the

extremes.
*n is the unknown variable.

*Follow the guide steps.

Step 1: Write the proportion in fraction form.

n 10
=
3 15
 Step 2: Cross product the means and then the
extremes.
n 10
= 15*n = 3*10 15n = 30
3 15

Step 3: Divide both sides.

15 n 30
= n=2
15 15

Now to determine if two ratios are proportion,

replace n with 2, and then cross product.

2 10
= 2*15 = 30
3 15
3*10 = 30

“Just remember class, that proportion is the equality

of two ratios.” “Yes, Ma’am!”

“Did you all understand?”

D. Generalization
“Proportion, Ma’am”
“So again, it is the equality of two ratios,
what is it? Jasmin?

“Very good, Jasmin!”

“Cross product!”
“To get the missing term, we use what?
Shinelyn?”

“Very good, Shinelyn”

IV. Evaluation
Direction: Find the value of n each following proportions.
1. n : 4 = 3: 6
2. n : 10 = 18 : 5
3. n : 9 = 18 : 2
4. 10 : 3 = n : 9
5. 5 : n = 1 : 2

V. Assignment

Direction: Identify the means and extremes of a given pair of ratios and tell whether it form a proportion or not.

Ratios Means Extremes Proportion or not

1. 4 : 5 = 24 : 30

2. 5 : 6 = 20 : 24

2 20
3. =
7 56
4 28
4. =
10 70
6 9
5. =
14 21