TRANSPORTATION SECTOR

The development of tourist transport is conditioned by the existence of appropriate means of transport for
the means of transport: roads, motorways, railway lines, stations, bus stations, river and sea ports, airports, etc.
Today, tourism has developed much due to the modernization and diversification of modes and means of transport.
The progress made in this area has facilitated the inclusion in the tourism sphere of resources at appreciable
distances from the tourist-emitting centers or the overcoming of some natural obstacles.
Transport - Transport is the cause and the effect of the growth of tourism.
 Fundamental component; a sector in the tourism industry
 Precondition for travel; The means to reach the destination
 Frequently neglected in tourism analysis
 A necessary means of movement at the destination
 In a minority of instances, it is the actual tourism attraction or activity.

CONCEPTUALIZING TRANSPORT AND TOURISM

 Two Basic Approaches in the Analysis of Transportation for Tourism

 Transport for Tourism

 Transport as Tourism

COMPONENTS OF A TRANSPORT SYSTEM

 The Way
 The Terminal
 The Vehicle
 The Motive Power

Factors that Affect the Visitor's Choice of Mode of Transportation

 Distance and travel time- it is important that the voyage can be carried out at the desired time and that the
travel time does not exceed certain acceptable limits for the tourist in the context of the total vacation time,
 Status and comfort- with reference to all the psychological and physiological sensations felt by tourists
inside the vehicle during the voyage.
 Safety and utility- the standards related to these objectives are becoming more and more demanding for all
forms of transport
 Range of services offered
 Frequency of service
 Convenience - from the very beginning must have the means to carry passengers on the route or
destination
 Reliability

Major Modes of Transportation

 Railways
It was the dominant form of passenger transport before the age of the automobile. The railway network
usually reflects more the commercial needs of the national economy then holiday tourist flows which can make it a
less preferred choice as a traveling mode.
The railway transport ensures the movement of space and time of goods and persons by means of
locomotives and wagons, which circulate after a predetermined schedule, on fixed routes (railways). For tourism,
trains, through their superior transport capacity, have convincingly responded to the desires of mass tourism.
 Road / Highways
Road transport holds the first place in tourism, has the longest age and the widest spread. Motor vehicles
are characterized by special mobility, not being connected to special fixed installations such as rail transport, for
example. Because of this, they can penetrate places where other means of transport have no accessibility, building
an indispensable component of multimodal transports. The bus and coach are a more and more used means of
transport, especially for group tourism.
Car traveling is usually an independent transport conveyance where the traveler decides the route and the
length of the trip. It is usually cheaper since road fees are not directly paid and provided as a public. It is the only
transportation mode that does not require transfers, in the sense that the whole journey, from door to door can be
achieved.
 Water
Water based transportation is one of the earliest known forms of transport. Today it represents an
important industry and water-based tourism and activities are amongst the most popular. Water tourism
transportation is currently more in the form of cruises, actually turning from a way of traveling into a recreational
one. The cruise travel has a special place in tourism. The cruise is, in fact, a tourist product consisting of spending
aboard a specially designed ship, offering travelers not only an ordinary maritime voyage, but also some special
treats and recreational conditions, as well as visiting ports and localities in outside the country's borders, in
accordance with the previously established route.
Cruises are mainly providing short sea journeys of about a week. Cruising has become a significant tourist
industry. Cruise ships act as floating resorts where guests can enjoy amenities and entertainment while being
transported along a chain of port calls.

 Air
Air transport is the primary mode for international tourism, which usually entails travel over long
distances. Air transport has revolutionized the geographical aspect of distances; the most remote areas can now be
reached any journey around the world can be measured in terms of hours of traveling. Business travelers are among
the biggest users of airline facilities, but low-cost air carriers have attracted a significant market segment mainly
used for tourism.
 Air transport services are among the most dynamic forms of touristic transport, being used mainly over
long and very long distances. The main cause of the expansion of air transport is the superiority of flight
performance compared to other means of transport. Most tourists choose air transport because they offer them
some advantages such as speed, comfort, flexibility, safety (it still remains the most secure type of transportation).

Scheduled airlines operate as regular schedules. Chartered airlines or the non-scheduled airlines operate
only when there is a demand, mainly during the tourist seasons. The chartered flights work out cheaper than the
scheduled carriers as they are operated only when there is a high load factor.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Modes of Transport

Air Transport
Advantages: Direct root, high speed, quick service, social and political significance, luxurious travel.
Disadvantages: High cost, jet lag, unsuitable for heavy bulk cargo, accidents always fatal, international rule to be
observed.

Road Transport
Advantages: Flexibility, reliable, door to door service, economical, supplements other modes of transport, quick
transit for short distances.
Disadvantages: Slow speed, carrying capacity limited, accidents, none- AC coaches not so comfortable, comfort
depends upon the conditions of roads.

Railways
Advantages: Long distance travel cheaper, carrying capacity large, dependable service, quicker than road
transportation, ability to view scenery and route.
Disadvantages: Inflexible, unfit to hilly regions, difficulties in rural areas, dining car facilities not always available.

Water Transport
Economical, carrying capacity enormously, develops international and coastal trades are the advantages of water
transport.

References: https://transportgeography.org/contents/applications/tourism-transport/
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=googlescholar&id=GALE|
A569456195&v=2.1&it=r&sid=AONE&asid=8339484e
https://tourismnotes.com/tourism-transportation/

Learning Task: (yellow paper)

Pick a nearest tourist attraction near in your area. Creatively present and answer the following question:
 What available modes of transportation are present to carry tourist on and off the site?
 How much is the fee for each passenger?
 What specific routes available for them to carry?
 Is the tourist attraction available for tourists carrying their own vehicle?
 Was there any available parking space for tourists’ vehicles?
 Is the place safe and secure for vehicles? How do you say so?