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Lesson 4 – the 26th of August 2022 / Manole Mihaela

Objectives
 Topic(s): How to start a movement
 Skills: Reading, Writing, Listening, Speaking etc.
 Grammar: Present continuous Tense

Part 1. Homework assignment check

Vocabulary Translation/Explanation
To stand/put up with
I can’t stand him.
Sleeve
A half
A quarter
Town-city
Settlement
Child-chidren
Woman-women
Man-men
Foot-feet
Mouse-mice
Goose-geese
To deal with
Flight-attendant
Let’s roll up our sleeves!/let’s get our hands dirty.
Settlers
Settlement
Chestnut hair
Sensitive

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Sensible-rational
My marriage is on the rocks.
Goal-aim-target
To increase-to decrease
Pay rise
There’s not such a thing as a free sandwich.
I do think that he is wrong.
So on and so forth
To get married/to marry
Merry/joyful
To butter up
To attend
To be careful/cautious
Until/till
Alone/lone
Ordinary day
To peel
Spring-noun-
To be pleased
Lack/absence

Grammar
Part 2. Let’s practise!

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Present continuous- temporary state/action

I.Forming the tense

Affirmative

+ Sub+ aux vb to BE at present(am, is, are)+ sh inf main vb+ing

Eg. You are working in the garden early in the morning/ at the crack of dawn./sunrise

Interrogative

? We use a helper- auxiliary verb TO BE at present(am, is, are)

Aux vb TO be at pres+ SUBJ+ SH INF MAIN VB+ing

Eg.Are you pruning these trees?

Negative

- SUB+ aux vb TO BE at pres (am, is, are)+ NOT(isn’t, aren’t)+ SH INF MAIN VERB+ing

Eg.I’m not sleeping/having a nap this afternoon.

II. Time expressions- now, at the moment, currently, today, this week, at present ,nowadays etc

III.Cases of use

1.Actions in progress in the moment of speaking.

Eg.She is writing a proposal for the head master.

2.Temporary actions

Eg.I am using the fan during hot days.

3.Actions that bother/annoy the speaker

Eg.You are always forgetting your food at home!!!!

4.BE GOING TO- shows the close future, plans, intentions, social arrangements

Eg.I’m going to purchase a new house.-70-80%

I’m purchasing a new house.-100 %

Difference between BE GOING TO and PRES CONT- the degree of certitude

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5.With the verbs GET/GROW –gradual processes

Eg. It is getting dark.

He is growing wiser.

6.Simultaneous actions

Eg.I am talking and you are listening to me.

IV.Verbs not used in the continuous aspect(non-durative vb)

1.The five senses-to hear, smell, see,taste,touch

Eg.I see that hill now.

2.Emotional verbs-like,love,hate,detest, prefer

Eg.I love my auntie./hate jazz music.

3.Cognitive verbs-to know, understand,judge,realize, forget

Eg.I understand the tenses perfectly now.

4.Verbs of content and belonging-to consist in, contain, belong to, possess, own

Eg.Water contains hydrogen and oxygen.

5.Mixed verbs- to hope, agree, need, want, wish, weigh

Eg.I need your support when it’s hard for me.

Exceptions!

Present simple-static interpretation Pres cont-dynamic interpretation

This soup tastes horrible. My wife is tasting the soup.
I see that remote island. I am seeing my boss today.
She thinks she is nice. He is thinking of buying a new car.
That parcel weighs 100 kilos. They are weighing their luggage in the airport.

To weigh/ weight

Homework

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