TUGAS MATA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS

Oleh

Brigita Nur Aulia

2114141031

FAKULTAS PERTANIAN

UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG

BANDAR LAMPUNG

2021
 PREFACE

Praise the authors say to Allah, who has given His grace and bounty so that the Livestock
Cultivation Clipping This Laying Poultry can be finished well.We made this kliping to complete
the assignment for the English course. We thank all those who haveassisting in the preparation of
Livestock Cultivation clippings This Laying Poultry. And we also realize the importance of
reading sources and Internet references that have been helpful in providing information that will
become clipping material.We also thank all those who have provide direction and guidance so
far so that the preparation of the clipping can be best made. We realize there are still many
shortcomingsin writing this clipping so we expect constructive criticism and suggestions for the
sake of improvement of this clipping.We apologize if in this paper there are many mistakes and
shortcomings, because perfection belongs only to God Almighty, and shortcomings are definitely
ours as humans. Hopefully this clipping can be useful for all of us.
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : Brigita Nur Aulia

Place and date of birth : Palembang, 07 july 2002

Gender : female

Marital status : not married

Religion : Katholik

ID Number : 1810084707020005

Phone number : 085609677630

Address : jl. Cpm suratno gg tulip, no 262 RT 04/RW 02, Kec. Sukoharjo,
Kab. Pringsewu, Prov. Lampung

Boarding address :-

Educational background :

Educational level Address Graduation year

2nd Panggung Rejo Public Jl. Raya panggung rejo utara 2014
elementary school
1st Sukoharjo Public Junior High Jl. Wiyata no 107 2017
School
Sukoharjo Vocational High Jl. Wiyata no 107 2020
School

I declare that all the information in this curriculum vitae is true and if there is an error, I am
willing to take responsibilty for it.

Pringsewu, 19 September 2021

Brigita Nur Aulia

LAYING HENS
A. Getting to Know Laying Poultry

1. Types of Laying Poultry

Poultry is a source of protein and fat to meet human nutritional needs. One type of
poultry that is around us is called laying fowl. Poultry is a type of animal that belongs to the
group of birds. The characteristics of birds are wings, feathers, legs, and have a beak. Based
on the products produced, we know laying birds and broilers. Laying birds are those that are
reared to produce eggs. Types of laying birds include chickens, ducks/duck, quail, and
geese.

a. Chicken

Chickens are laying birds that are commonly cultivated because the demand and
needs of the community for chicken eggs that are tall.

Laying hens are of two types, namely:

1) Light laying hens and medium laying hens. Light laying hens (white laying hens)
have the following characteristics: have a slender and small body, white feathers, red
combs. White laying hens are able to lay up to 260 eggs each year.

2) Medium layer chickens are characterized by a greater body weight than white
layer chickens so that they can produce quite a lot of meat. Medium laying hens have
brown eggs. The eggs produced by medium laying hens were larger than the eggs
produced by white layers, but the number of brown eggs produced was less.

2. Getting to Know Laying Poultry Cultivation Products

Poultry farming is an activity to produce livestock farming products in the form of

eggs. Eggs produced can be directly consumed by boiling or frying. Eggs are the raw material in
various types of food, cake, and bakery industries. In addition, eggs can also processed into
products with higher selling values such as salted eggs,namely salted duck eggs.
DAIRY CATTLE
 B. Getting to know dairy cattle

Dairy cows are one of the livestock that produce animal protein which in its maintenance
is always directed at milk production. The maintenance of dairy cattle in recent years has shown
a fairly rapid development. This development continues to be encouraged by the government so
that milk self-sufficiency can be achieved as soon as possible. The level of milk consumption in
Indonesia still cannot be matched by national milk production, namely the national milk
production in 2016 only reached 852.95 thousand tons, while the demand for consumption has
reached 11.8 liters/capita/year (Center for Agricultural Data and Information Systems).
Secretariat General-Ministry of Agriculture 2016), thus causing the government to import to
fulfill it.

The government needs to make efforts to increase domestic milk production in order to
reduce the number of milk imports so that it can gradually reduce dependence on imported milk
to meet domestic needs. Increasing milk production can be done by increasing the population
and productivity of dairy cows, or by selection to cows with high milk production and quality.

Problems in dairy farming that often occur are low milk production and milk quality that
is not in accordance with the standards set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI)
3141.1:2011. To increase domestic milk production, it is necessary to increase the population
and productivity of dairy cows. Milk production in every farmer is different, so to meet the needs
of milk, milk production must be increased again. The production and quality of milk on
smallholder farms in the tropics is strongly influenced by the nutritional content of the feed.

Milk quality is determined by the percentage of each component present in milk

consisting of water, protein, fat, lactose, vitamins, and other milk constituents. Factors that affect
milk composition are genetic, lactation stage, age, nutrition, environment, and milking
procedure. Good feeding will improve the quality of the milk produced. Milk fat content is
strongly influenced by the feed given, especially green crude fiber content. The higher the fat
content of milk, the better the quality of the milk, so the selling price of milk will be higher.
Therefore, the provision of balanced forage and concentrate feed will affect the fat and protein
content of milk.
LIVESTOCK DISEASE
 C. INFECTIOUS LARYNGO TRACHEITIS (ILT)

Infectious laryngo tracheitis (ILT) is an acute disease in chickens which is characterized by

characteristic symptoms in the respiratory tract, difficulty breathing and bloody exudate. Mucous
membrane cells in the affected trachea appear swollen and edematous, as a result of erosion and
bleeding. In the early stages, intranuclear inclusion bodies are seen. Infection with this disease
results in decreased egg production and death. Economic losses in the form of high mortality and
morbidity, and recovered animals can act as carriers.

The cause of ILT is the herpes virus, has a cuboidal envelope, is sensitive to ether, and has a
DNA core. The ILT virus was classified as a member of the Alphaherpesviridae family with a
virological nomenclature of Gallid herpesvirus I. Electron micrograph of cell culture of chicken
embryos infected with ILT contained icosahedral viral particles that had the same structure as the
herpes simplex virus. ILT virus self-propagation appears to be similar to herpes simplex virus
self-propagation and pseudorabies. The virus is absorbed on the cell surface, and the virus enters
the cell by pinocytosis.

There is only one immunological strain although the strains vary in their pathogenicity. Most
strains are pathogenic, only a few strains are less pathogenic. Herpes viral infection leads to the
formation of type A intranuclear inclusions early in infection. Inclusions can be seen in the
epithelial cells of the trachea, and occasionally in the conjunctive epithelium. Inclusions can also
be seen in the choriollantois membrane of infected brood chicken eggs and in embryonic cell
cultures.

a) Mode of Transmission
ILT virus enters the body through the upper respiratory tract and through the eyes,
but can also enter through the upper food tract. ILT infection in the upper respiratory tract
is immediately followed by viral self-propagation. Several studies have revealed that ILT
virus infection usually persists in the tracheal tissue and its secretions for 6-8 days.
Clinically invisible ILT infection is the main feature of persistent infection by ILT virus.
It was reported that field carriers reached 2% in the period up to 16 months after the
outbreak occurred.
Mechanical spread of disease can occur by using contaminated equipment or
cages. The spread of the virus, both inside and outside the egg cannot be done. Embryos
infected with ILT will die before hatching. The ILT virus is inactivated in less than 24
hours at 37°C.
 AUTOBIORAPHY

My name is Brigita nur aulia,born in Palembang july 7, 2002 I am the oldest of two and
now My age 19th years old. daughter from Ferry subono and Helena tri astarini.Lia is my close
call at home and my friend's close call me can be Brigita ,gita,or aulia,I was born from a very
simple family,my father is a farm laborer and mother is a house wife,little since my mom always
advises me to be diligent in worshiping,honest and not to the same. When I was six years old I
started education at elementary school public of two Panggung rejo then after I was finished
continued my education at junior hight school public one Sukoharjo then proceed to vocational
school public Sukoharjo

In 2019 I took part in industrial work practices at a rubber Industry factory.I followed the
internship for 3 month,I had a lot of experience getting to know many employees,adding insight
and knowledge during the internship I could see many high-tech machines,besides that I saw
how all the machines worked.

One time I was invited by my supervisor to repairing a machines that has been out of
service for a long time that’s where I use several tools to help and make repairing the machine
easier.I am grateful that I can repair machines with friend’s and my supervisor can use electrical
tools properly and correctly.

I have a desire and hope that in the next five year’s I can have my own
business,especially a busines in the livestock sector.I hope to have a beef cattle business.I hope
to develop a good business and develop rapidly.

I hope that that after I graduate,I will have my own business.I will continue my education
at the Tokyo Intitute of Technology in Japan,the goal is I want to also improve the sciense of
electricity while I am studying in hight Vocational school