Group 1 Assignment Solutions

WIE 4205: Sensors and Control For Smart Irrigation

Question 1: Summarize the paper (Prototyping Low-Cost Automatic Weather Stations for Natural
Disaster Monitoring), noting out the design of AWN used and how data is obtained from it.

Question 2: Use data below to determine the evapotranspiration for a given crop using Modified
Penman method. Weighting factor = 0.565, Adjustment factor = 0.95, Wind function = 0.74 Long
wave radiation = 2.06 mm/day, short wave radiation = 3.18mm/day Saturated vapor pressure =
10.7Kpa Actual vapor pressure =8.24 Kpa.
Solution
Weighting factor, 𝑊 = 0.565
Adjustment factor, 𝐶 = 0.95
Wind function, 𝑓(𝑢) = 0.74
Long wave radiation, 𝑅𝑛𝑙 = 2.06𝑚𝑚/𝑑𝑎𝑦
Short wave radiation, 𝑅𝑛𝑠 = 3.18𝑚𝑚/𝑑𝑎𝑦
Saturated vapor pressure, 𝑒𝑠 = 10.7𝐾𝑝𝑎
Actual vapor pressure, 𝑒 = 8.24𝐾𝑝𝑎
Wet radiation, 𝑅𝑛 = 𝑅𝑛𝑠 − 𝑅𝑛𝑙
𝑅𝑛 = 3.18 − 2.06
𝑅𝑛 = 1.12𝑚𝑚/𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝐸𝑇0 = 𝐶 [𝑊. 𝑅𝑛 + ( 1 − 𝑊 ) 𝑓(𝑢) (𝑒𝑠 – 𝑒 )]
𝐸𝑇0 = 0.95 [0.565 × 1.12 + ( 1 − 0.565 ) × 0.74 × (10.7 − 8.24)]
𝐸𝑇0 = 1.35344 𝑚𝑚/𝑑𝑎𝑦
Question 3: Wheat is to be grown at MUARIK, the useful climate to logical conditions is given
below. Determine the evapotranspiration and consumptive irrigation requirements of the wheat
crop. Also, determine the field irrigation requirement if the water application efficiency is 80%.
Use Blaney-Criddle equation and a crop factor to 0.8.
Month t(c0) P Re f=0.045p(t+17.8)
Nov. 18 7.2 1.7 11.6
Dec. 15 7.15 1.42 10.5
Jan. 13.5 7.3 3.01 10.3
Feb. 14.5 7.1 2.25 10.3
∑ = 8.38 ∑ = 42.7
Solution
Application efficiency, 𝐸𝑑 = 80% = 0.8
Crop factor, 𝐾 = 0.8
Consumptive use, 𝐶𝑢 = 𝐾 × 𝑓
𝐶𝑢 = 0.045 𝐾. 𝑃. (𝑡 + 17.8 )
𝐶𝑢 = 0.8 × 42.7
𝐶𝑢 = 34.2 𝑐𝑚
Consumptive irrigation requirement, 𝐼𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 𝐶𝑢 − 𝑅𝑒
𝐼𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 34.2 − 8.38
𝐼𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 25.82
𝐼𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
Field irrigation requirement, 𝐼𝑅𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 =
𝐸𝑑
25.82
𝐼𝑅𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 =
0.8
𝐼𝑅𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 = 32.275
𝐼𝑅𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 = 32.275 ≈ 32.3
Question 4: Calculate the maximum interval between irrigation if Apparent specific gravity= 1.2,
Root zone depth = 70 cm, Consumptive water use estimated by Blaney-Criddle method = 12
mm/day, Total available moisture content of dry soil weight= 16%, Readily available moisture =
70% of total available moisture.
Solution
Apparent specific gravity, G = 1.2
Root zone depth, RZD = 70 cm
Consumptive water use estimated by Blaney-Criddle method = 12 mm/day
Total available moisture content of dry soil weight = 16% = 0.16
Readily available moisture = 70% of total available moisture.
Total available moisture, 𝑇𝐴𝑀 = 𝐴𝑣𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑦 𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 × 𝑅𝑍𝐷
𝑇𝐴𝑀 = 0.16 × 70
𝑇𝐴𝑀 = 11.2𝑐𝑚
Readily available moisture, 𝑅𝐴𝑀 = 70% 𝑜𝑓 𝑇𝐴𝑀
𝑅𝐴𝑀 = 0.7 × 11.2 × 1.2
𝑅𝐴𝑀 = 9.408 𝑐𝑚
𝑅𝐴𝑀
Irrigation intervals, 𝐼𝐼 =
𝐺
9.4
𝐼𝐼 =
1.2
𝐼𝐼 = 7.83
𝐼𝐼 = 7 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠