NAME: KRIANNE CHRIS P.

DIMAANO YEAR/SECTION: BS PHARMACY 1-1

DATE PERFORMED: DECEMBER 17, 2021 SCORE: ________________________

ACTIVITY NO.12
SEEDS

I. OBJECTIVES:

1. Grow up a seed.
2. Classify different types of seeds.
3. Identify seed’s mode of dispersal.

II. TO DO: Find an empty dozen egg tray and put a healthy soil on it fitting for a seed growth. Now place
each space (hole) a piece of monggo seed. Make sure it is hydrated and observe its growth on the third
day. Take a photo and paste on the space below as a proof. Note: If you want to keep it, allow it to have a
supporting stick to vine on to.

Day 1: (Friday/Saturday)

Day 2: (Saturday/Sunday)
 Day 3: (Sunday/Monday)

III. CLASSIFICATION: Classify the seeds according to the category they belong.

No. of Endospermic or Hypogeal

Flower Scientific Name Describe Shape
cotyledon(s) Non-endospermic or Epigeal
1. Ampalaya Momordica charantia Oblong/Ovoid Dicotyledon Non-endospermic Epigeal
2. Apple Malus Oval Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
3. Atis Annona squamosa Round/Oblate Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
4. Corn Zea mays Flat/Round Monocotyledo Endospermic Hypogeal
n
5. Coconut Cocos nucifera Oval Monocotyledo Endospermic Hypogeal
n
6. Durian Durio Round/Heart Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
7. Grapes Vitis vinifera Pear-shaped Dicotyledon Endospermic Epigeal
8. Ipil-ipil Leucaena leucocephala Round/Ovoid Dicotyledon Endospermic Epigeal
9. Kalamansi Citrofortunella microcarpa Oblong/Pointed Tip Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
10. Malunggay Moringa oleifera Round Dicotyledon Non-endospermic Epigeal
11. Mango Mangifera indica Flat Oblong Dicotyledon Non-endospermic Hypogeal
12. Mangosteen Garcinia mangostana Spheroid;Ellipsoid Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
13. Marang Artocarpus odoratissimus Round/Oval Monocotyledo Endospermic Hypogeal
n
14. Monggo Vigna radiata Round Dicotyledon Non-endospermic Epigeal
15. Peanut Arachis hypogaea Spheroidal Dicotyledon Non-endospermic Hypogeal
16. Ponkan Citrus reticulata Clavate Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
17. Rambutan Nephelium lappaceum Oblong Dicotyledon Non-endospermic Hypogeal
18. Rice Oryza sativa Ellipse Monocotyledo Endospermic Hypogeal
n
19. Santol Sandoricum koetjape Oblong-Ovate Dicotyledon Endospermic Hypogeal
20. Tomato Solanum lycopersicum Oval Dicotyledon Endospermic Epigeal
 sIV. DISPERSAL: Research for the mode of dispersal for each seed.

Seed Scientific Name Explain Mode of Dispersion

1. Guava Psidium guajava Dispersed by birds and mammals. - The morphological traits of guava and its
abundant fruit production suggest that this tree probably had more efficient
dispersers that are capable of dispersing large quantities of seeds over long
distances.
2. Narra Pterocarpus Dispersed by the wind. - Each fruit, which has one to three seeds, takes four months
indicus to mature. But unlike most legumes, of which narra is one, the narra fruit is
indehiscent and dispersed by wind. It also floats in water and can be water
dispersed.
3. Kamantigue Impatiens Dispersion due to explosion/expulsion. - Some plants or fruits are` explosive, when
balsamina the seeds are ready to grow the fruits explode and scatter the seeds. Thus,
kamantigue seeds may inadvertently be spread as the capsules burst open,
spreading the seed a distance from the plant.
4. Talahib Saccharum Dispersed by the wind. - Dispersal of seeds by wind is aided by the callus hairs which
spontaneum form a parachute mechanism; sometimes a small number of seeds may become
entangled to form a woolly mass which may be transported large distances.
5. Amorseko Eragrostis Dispersed by wind and animals. - Seed dispersal is often done by passing animals;
the grains' hooks latch on to fur or hair, or to clothes. Others are wind or gravity
dispersed.
6. Niyog Cocos nucifera Dispersed by water. - It is claimed that they evolved to disperse significant distances
via marine currents. However, it can also be argued that the placement of the
vulnerable eye of the nut (down when floating), and the site of the coir cushion are
better positioned to ensure that the water-filled nut does not fracture when dropping
on rocky ground, rather than for flotation.
7. Peanut Arachis hypogaea Dispersed by self. - Peanuts are self-pollinating plants, meaning they do not require
outside aid, such as bees or other insects carrying pollen from one plant to another,
in reproduction. After the seed is planted, the first flowers begin to appear in four to
six weeks and continue blooming for six or more weeks.
8. Tomato Solanum Dispersed by birds and foraging animals. - Animals excrete the undigested seeds
lycopersicum miles away from the original plant. Half-eaten fruit was often carried and dropped
miles away from the original plant.
9. Cotton Gossypium Dispersed by wind and water. - Seed dispersal occurs approximately 1-2 months
after flowering in the northern part of its range and continues for a well over a month.
Moreover, its seed viability is relatively poor as seeds must reach moist seedbeds or
be immersed in water to stay viable and germinate.
10. Malunggay Moringa oleifera Dispersed by wind. - Moringa oleifera is a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree. It is a
sun- and heat-loving plant and does not tolerate freezing or frost. Moringa is
particularly suitable for dry regions, as it can be grown using rainwater without
expensive irrigation techniques.

V. FINAL DISCUSSION (CONCLUSION):

A seed is a small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat, usually with some
stored food. It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which
occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant.
As mentioned, seeds have a seed coat which protects them while they grow and develop, usually
underground. Inside the seed there is an embryo (the baby plant) and cotyledons. When the seed
begins to grow, one part of the embryo becomes the plant while the other part becomes the root of
the plant. Food for the plant is stored in the cotyledons. Some seeds when split apart separate into
two halves. These seeds have two cotyledons and are hence called dicotyledons. Other seeds
have only one single unit, with only one cotyledon. These are called monocotyledon seeds.
Seeds need a certain amount of water to grow. However, too much water is detrimental. Seeds
also need oxygen and the right minerals from the soil. They do not, however, need light to grow. In
fact, they often grow faster in the dark.
Seed germination is a crucial process that influences crop yield and quality as it is defined as the
sum of events that begin with hydration of the seed and culminate in emergence of the embryonic
axis (usually the radicle) from the seed coat. Seed germination also determines continuous plant
production necessary for human survival with regards to the supply of medicinal plants, feed for
animal grazing, and food security.
Generally, the importance of seeds is biological and economic. They have large amounts of
protein, starch, and oil, which are all important nutrients for the development of plants and humans.
And they are used in the production of many primary food sources for humans.