HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)

Part XV Analytical chemistry

Chemistry: Chapter 64 Instrumental analytical methods

Multiple-choice questions

Section 64.1
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Which of the following are the advantages of using instrumental analytical methods
over conventional analytical methods?
(1) Instrumental analytical methods cause less human error.
(2) Instrumental analytical methods are more rapid.
(3) Less sample is needed.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D##

Section 64.2
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Which of the following solutions can be quantitatively analysed by a colorimeter?
(1) Potassium permanganate solution
(2) Copper(II) sulphate solution
(3) Sodium chloride solution
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##A Only coloured solutions can be quantitatively analysed by a colorimeter.##

|!|CMEMH0156400003|!|
Which of the following are the applications of colorimetry?
(1) Determine the amount of haemoglobin in blood
(2) Identify the types of colourings present in drink
(3) Determine the amount of colouring present in food
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

C. (2) and (3) only

D. (1), (2) and (3)

##B The types of colourings present in drink can be identified by chromatographic
methods.##

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The following diagram shows a calibration curve of a blue dye.
Absorbance

Concentration of blue dye (g dm3)

A sample containing unknown concentration of blue dye has an absorbance of 0.56.

What is the concentration of the blue dye?
A. 6.0 g dm3
B. 6.5 g dm3
C. 7.0 g dm3
D. 7.5 g dm3

##C##

Section 64.3
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Which of the following absorption bands must be observed in IR spectrum of
propene?
A. A strong absorption peak between 16101680 cm1.
B. A strong and broad absorption band at around 3200 cm1.
C. A strong absorption peak between 22002280 cm1.
D. A strong absorption peak between 33503500 cm1.

1
##A The presence of any strong absorption peaks between 16101680 cm

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

corresponds to the absorption of C=C bond in propene.##

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Consider the following infrared spectrum:

Transmittance (%)

Wavenumber (cm1)

Which of the following compounds gives this spectrum?

A. Butanoic acid
B. Butane
C. Butan-1-ol
D. Butan-2-one

1
##A A strong absorption peak at around 1700 cm corresponds to the presence of the
C=O bond. A strong and broad absorption peak at around 3100 cm1 corresponds to
the presence of the OH bond in butanoic acid.##

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Consider the following infrared spectrum:

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

Transmittance (%)

Wavenumber (cm1)

Which of the following compounds gives this spectrum?

A. Propene
B. Butanoic acid
C. Methyl ethanoate
D. Butan-1-ol

1
##C The absence of an absorption peak between 16101680 cm indicates that the
compound does not contain C=C bond. The absence of a strong and broad absorption
peak between 25003670 cm1 indicates that the compound does not contain OH
bond. The presence of a strong absorption peak at around 1750 cm1 indicates that the
compound contains C=O bond. Therefore, the compound is methyl ethanoate.##

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Which of the following information obtained from the infrared spectrum can be used
to distinguish between ethanoic acid and ethanol?
A. The presence of broad absorption peaks at 32303670 cm1
B. The absence of broad absorption peaks at 32303670 cm1
C. The presence of absorption peaks at 16801800 cm1
D. The presence of absorption peaks at 27202820 cm1

1
##C A strong absorption peak at 16801800 cm can only be observed in the infrared
spectrum of ethanoic acid because of the absorption of the C=O bond in ethanoic
acid.##

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

Consider the following infrared spectrum:

Transmittance (%)

Wavenumber (cm1)

Which of the following compounds gives this spectrum?

A. Pent-1-ene
B. Propanone
C. Propanenitrile
D. Propan-1-ol

1
##A A strong absorption peak at around 1650 cm corresponds to the presence of the
C=C bond.##

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Which of the following statements about vibrational frequency are correct?
(1) It is unique for each type of bond.
(2) Weaker bonds vibrate at higher frequencies than stronger bonds.
(3) Lighter atoms usually vibrate at higher frequencies than heavier atoms.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##B Stronger bonds vibrate at higher frequencies than weaker bonds.##

|!|CMEMF0156400011|!|
Which of the following statements about infrared spectroscopy are correct?

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

(1) Wavenumber is directly proportional to frequency.

(2) Infrared spectrophotometer is the instrument used in infrared spectroscopy.
(3) It can be used to identify the functional groups in carbon compounds.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D##

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Which of the following absorption peaks is observed in the IR spectrum of phenol?
A. A strong peak at around 1700 cm1
B. A strong peak at around 2100 cm1
C. A strong peak at around 2250 cm1
D. A strong peak at around 3230 cm1

1
##D A strong and broad peak at around 3230 cm corresponds to the presence of the
OH bond in phenol.##

Section 64.4
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Which of the following statements about mass spectrometry is correct?
A. In a mass spectrum, the y-axis is the relative intensity of positive ions
generated while the x-axis is mass.
B. The magnetic field in the mass spectrometer is used to accelerate the ions.
C. The positive ions in the mass spectrometer are generated by bombarding the
gaseous sample with fast moving electrons.
D. Ions with a higher mass-to-charge ratio are deflected more than those with a
lower mass-to-charge ratio.

##C The x-axis of a mass spectrum is mass-to-charge ratio. The magnetic field is
used to deflect the positive ions. Ions with a lower mass-to-charge ratio are deflected
more than those with a higher mass-to-charge ratio.##

|!|CMEMF0156400014|!|
Which of the following statements about mass spectrometry is INCORRECT?
A. It can be used to distinguish between a pair of structural isomers.

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

B. The sample analysed by the mass spectrometry must be pure.

C. The time for analysis is short.
D. The base peak must be the peak corresponding to the molecular ion.

##D The base peak is the peak corresponding to the ion with the highest relative
intensity.##

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What is the expected peak height ratio of CH335Cl+ : CH337Cl+ in the mass spectrum of
chloromethane?
A. 2 : 1
B. 1 : 2
C. 1 : 3
D. 3 : 1

##D##

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Which of the following peaks can be observed in the mass spectrum of hexane?
(1) The peak at m/e = 43
(2) The peak at m/e = 57
(3) The peak at m/e = 86
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D The peak at m/e = 86 corresponds to the molecular ion,
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3+. The peaks at m/e = 57 and 43 are due to the fragment ions
CH3CH2CH2CH2+ and CH3CH2CH2+ respectively.##

|!|CMEMF0156400017|!|
Which of the following statements about the molecular ion of a compound in a mass
spectrum are correct?
(1) It has the highest value of m/e ratio.
(2) Its relative intensity must be the highest.
(3) The m/e ratio of the molecular ion shows the relative molecular mass of the
compound.

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##B The ion corresponding to the base peak has the highest relative intensity.##

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The mass spectrum of pentan-3-one is shown below.
Relative intensity (%)

m/e

Which of the following combinations are correct?

Ion Mass-to-charge ratio (m/e)
(1) CH3CH2COCH2CH3+ 86
(2) CH3CH2CO+ 57
(3) CH3CH2 +
29
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D##

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

The mass spectrum of butane is shown below.

Relative intensity (%)

m/e

Which of the following combinations are correct?

Ion Mass-to-charge ratio (m/e)
(1) CH3CH2CH2CH3+ 58
(2) CH3CH2CH2+ 43
(3) CH3CH2 +
29
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D##

|!|CMEMF0156400020|!|
Consider the following mass spectrum:

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

Relative intensity (%)

m/e

Which of the following compounds gives this spectrum?

A. Pentanal
B. Pentane
C. Pentan-2-one
D. Pentan-3-one

##C##

|!|CMEMF0156400021|!|
Which of the following statements about the base peak in a mass spectrum is correct?
A. It is the peak with the highest mass-to-charge ratio.
B. It must be the peak for the molecular ion.
C. It is the peak with the highest relative intensity.
D. It is the peak contributed by the isotope of an element of the compound.

##C##

|!|CMEMF0156400022|!|
Which of the following statements are correct?
(1) Colorimetry determines the concentration of a coloured solution by measuring
the amount of light it absorbs.
(2) Infrared spectroscopy identifies particular functional groups in molecules.
(3) Mass spectroscopy identifies the structures of unknown substances.

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D##

|!|CMEMF0156400023|!|
Which of the following analytical instruments CANNOT be used to distinguish
between a pair of enantiomers?
(1) A colorimeter
(2) An infrared spectrophotometer
(3) A mass spectrometer
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D A pair of enantiomers can only be distinguished by a polarimeter.##

|!|CMEMH0156400024|!|
The concentration of copper(II) sulphate solution can be determined by
(1) colorimetry.
(2) mass spectrometry.
(3) performing precipitation titration.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only

##C##

|!|CMEMF0156400025|!|
Which of the following information can be obtained from the mass spectrum?
(1) The empirical formula of a compound
(2) The relative molecular mass of a compound
(3) The structure of a compound
A. (1) and (2) only

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 HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)
Part XV Analytical chemistry

B. (1) and (3) only

C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##C##

Section 64.5
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Which of the following analytical methods are necessary to determine the structural
formula of an unknown organic compound?
(1) Colorimetry
(2) Infrared spectroscopy
(3) Mass spectroscopy
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##C##

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