Inglés Técnico – Prof.

Martín Aráoz

Mechanical principles

1) Scissors work on the principle of class 1 lever (two class-1-levers). In class 1 Lever, the
pivot (fulcrum) is between the effort and the load. The more the length of the handle or the
fulcrum of the scissors, the less force of cutting will be required.

2) Foot pumps operate on a positive displacement principle, expanding and contracting

cavities to move fluids.

3) Locking pliers remain clamped to an object without requiring continuous pressure on the
handles. After being properly adjusted using a screw, the pliers are brought to bear by
cam action (acción de leva).

4) The essential parts of a hole punch are

the handle, the punch head, and the die.
The punch head is typically a cylinder, with a
flat end called the face. The die is a flat plate,
with a hole matching the head. The head can
move, while the die is fixed in place.

5) The flow of water is controlled by turning or moving the tap handle which is connected to the
spindle. When moved, the spindle causes the tap valve to move upwards or downwards,
causing the water chamber to open or close.

Treadle linkage

Treadle linkages use a rotary input to turn a crank on a fixed pivot. A connecting rod joins two moving
pivots to another fixed pivot.

Cam and follower

 Inglés Técnico – Prof. Martín Aráoz

Unit 5 – Forces in engineering

The floatation principle states that when an object floats in a liquid, the buoyant force acting on
the object is equal to the object's weight. The volume of fluid displaced equals the volume of the
object immersed in the fluid.