1.

what is the principal difference between a hydraulic power system and a pneumatic
power system?
液壓與氣動系統最⼤的差異是甚麼?

The hydraulic system is use liquid

Pneumatic system is use air

液壓系統主要是靠液體來驅動

氣壓系統主要是氣體

2.explain how force is developed through the use of hydraulic uid?

解釋如何通過使⽤液壓油來產⽣⼒?

Pascal’s principle force is derived from the pressure acting on the area of the piston head.

帕斯卡的原理⼒源⾃作⽤在活塞頭區域上的壓⼒。

3.explain the multiplication of force by means of hydraulics

⽤液壓解釋⼒的倍增

The multiplication of force by a hydraulic system is made possible by using an output piston
that is larger than the input piston.

透過比輸入活塞還要⼤的輸出活塞，使液壓系統產⽣的較⼤的⼒

4. Explain the relationship between volume, area, and the length of stroke.

解釋體積、⾯積和⾏程長度之間的關係。

Area multiply stroke length is volume.

⾯積乘以⾏程長度就是體積。




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5. Name three types of hydraulic uids and describe their basic characteristics.

說出三種類型的液壓油並描述它們的基本特性。

Vegetable-based liquid is blue or blue-green or almost clear in color.

植物基液體呈藍⾊或藍綠⾊或幾乎透明。

Mineral based uids are usually red for use where there is a re hazard.

礦物基液體通常是紅⾊的，⽤於有⽕災隱患的地⽅。

Phosphate base uids are very re resistant but they are not re resistant.

磷酸酯基液非常耐⽕，但不防⽕。

6. What precaution must be taken in regard to spills on a painted surface with a

phosphate ester uid such as Skydrol?
對於磷酸酯液體(例如 Skydrol)潑灑在塗漆表⾯上，必須採取哪些預防措施?

Should immediately be removed and the area washed.

應⽴即將其清除並清洗該區域。

7. Describe a hydraulic reservoir.

描述⼀個液壓油箱。

That is a tank to store enough hydraulic uid.

那是⽤於儲存⾜夠的液壓油的油箱

8. What is the purpose of a standpipe in a reservoir?

⽔庫中豎管的⽤途是什麼?

Reserve of uid for the emergency operation.

為緊急操作儲備液體
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 9.Why is it necessary to pressurize some reservoirs?

為什麼有些⽔庫需要加壓?

In high altitude the pressure is not enough to push the uid.

在⾼海拔地區，壓⼒不⾜以推動流體。

10. Give three methods by which a hydraulic reservoir can be pressurized.

給出三種給液壓油箱加壓的⽅法。

Spring pressure

Air pressure

Hydraulic pressure

11. What is the purpose of a hydraulic lter?

液壓過濾器的⽤途是什麼?

To lter out any particles.

濾掉任何顆粒

12. What are different lter elements that may be found in hydraulic systems?

液壓系統中有哪些不同的過濾元件?

A micronic lter

微⽶過濾器

Porous metal lters

多孔⾦屬過濾器
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 13. What is the purpose of the “pop-out” indicator pin found on many lters?

許多過濾器上的“彈出”指⽰銷的⽤途是什麼?

Recognize lter clogging at any time.

隨時識別過濾器堵塞。

14. Describe the purpose of a heat exchanger and how it functions.

描述換熱器的⽤途及其⼯作原理

Cool the hydraulic uid

冷卻液壓油

15. Why is a gear-type pump described as a positive displacement pump?

為什麼齒輪泵被描述為容積泵?

each revolution of the pump will deliver a given volume of uid.

泵的每轉⼀圈都會輸送給定體積的液體

16. In an axial multiple-piston pump, what causes the reciprocating motion of the
pistons?
在軸向多活塞泵中，是什麼引起活塞的往復運動?

Drive-shaft

傳動軸


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17. Describe two types of variable-delivery pumps and explain the operation of

each.

描述兩種類型的變量輸送泵並解釋每種類型的操作。

In line variable

⾏內變量

Reciprocating axial piston

往復軸向活塞

Change the axis angle

改變軸角度

18. Explain the purpose of a ram air turbine.

解釋沖壓空氣渦輪機的⽤途。

power the pump

泵提供動⼒

19. Describe the purpose of a pressure regulator.

描述壓⼒調節器的⽤途。

Maintain hydraulic pressure

保持液體壓⼒

20. How does a pressure regulator or unloading valve serve to prolong the life of the
system pump?
壓⼒調節器或卸荷閥如何延長系統泵的使⽤壽命?

It releases the pressure to protect the pump when the pressure is too high.

當壓⼒過⾼時，它會釋放壓⼒以保護泵。


21. List the different types of selector valves.

列出不同類型的選擇閥

Rotary Valve

旋轉閥

Poppet Valve

提升閥

Spool or Piston Selector Valves

滑閥或活塞選擇閥

Open-Center-System Selector Valve

開芯系統選擇閥

Electrohydraulic Servo Control Valve

電液伺服控制閥

22. Explain how poppet valves control uid ow.

解釋提升閥如何控制流體流動。

Open and close the ports to change the direction of uid ow.

打開和關閉端⼜以改變流體流動的⽅向。

23. Explain the operation of spool-type valves.

解釋滑閥的操作

Using the spool control the passage for uid ow.

使⽤閥芯控制流體流動的通道。
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 24. How are the selector valves in an open-center system connected with respect to one
another?

開芯系統中的選擇閥如何相互連接︖

All selector valve are operated in series

所有選擇閥串聯操作

25. Describe an ori ce-check valve. For what purpose would such a valve be used?

描述⼀個孔板⽌回閥。這種閥⾨將⽤於什麼⽬的?

provide uid in one direction and restricted ow in the opposite direction.

在⼀個⽅向上提供流體並在相反⽅向上限制流動。

26. Explain sequence valve operation and purpose.

解釋順序閥的操作和⽬的。

It times certain hydraulic operations in proper sequence

它以適當的順序對某些液壓操作進⾏計時

27. What can occur if a sequence valve is not properly adjusted?

如果順序閥沒有正確調整會發⽣什麼?

If the landing gear system sequence valves fail, the landing gear will strike the gear door.

如果起落架系統順序閥失效，起落架將撞擊起落架艙⾨。

28. Under what conditions is a shuttle valve required?

在什麼情況下需要穿梭閥?

Requires primary and backup systems

需要主要系統和備⽤系統






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 29. Explain the operation and use of a hydraulic fuse.

解釋液壓保險絲的操作和使⽤。

seal of a broken hydraulic line and prevent excessive loss of uid.

密封破損的液壓管路並防⽌流體過度流失

30. Explain the operation and use of a priority valve.

解釋優先閥的操作和使⽤。
allow one actuator to operate and complete it before allowing a second component

在允許第⼆個組件之前允許⼀個執⾏器操作並完成它

31. Describe the operation of a relief valve.

描述安全閥的操作。

remain closed unless the pressure Is too high

除非壓⼒過⾼，否則保持關閉

32. What determines the cracking pressure of a relief valve?

什麼決定了溢流閥的開啟壓⼒?

the pressure with the relief value lifts

減壓值的壓⼒升⾼

33. Why is a wing- ap overload valve installed in the down line of a ap-actuating
system?

為什麼在襟翼驅動系統的下線安裝襟翼過載閥?

Prevent lowering of the aps at too high an airspeed.

防⽌在過⾼的空速下放下襟翼。




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 34. Why are thermal-relief valves needed in certain sections of a hydraulic system?

為什麼液壓系統的某些部分需要熱釋放閥?

Where ood pressure is trapped and may need to be relieved, caused by higher tempters.

洪⽔壓⼒被困的地⽅，可能需要緩解，這是由更⾼的誘惑⼒引起的。

35. Explain the principle of a debooster valve.

解釋減壓閥的原理。

It’s operates by the differential area of two piston.

它是通過兩個活塞的不同⾯積來操作的。

36. Explain the purpose of a ow equalizer.

解釋流量均衡器的⽤途。

It a unit that hydraulically synchronizes the movement of two actuating cylinders.

它是⼀個液壓同步兩個致動缸運動的裝置。

37. What are the two functions of an accumulator?

累加器的兩個功能是什麼?

dampens pressure, store power for limited operation

38. Describe a piston-type accumulator.

描述活塞式蓄能器

consists of a cylinder with free piston to separate the air

由⼀個帶有⾃由活塞的氣缸組成，⽤於分離空氣






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 39. What precautions should be taken before removing an accumulator from a
hydraulic system?

從液壓系統中拆卸蓄能器之前應採取哪些預防措施?

the technician must make certain that all the pressure in the system has been relieved

技術⼈員必須確保系統中的所有壓⼒都已釋放

40. What is a hydraulic actuator?

什麼是液壓執⾏器?

a devices for converting hydraulic pressure to mechanical motion

⼀種將液壓運動轉換為機械運動的裝置

41.Describe a double-acting hydraulic actuating cylinder.

描述雙作⽤液壓驅動缸

Hydraulic pressure can be applied to both sides of the piston

液壓可以施加到活塞的兩側

42. How does a servo actuator differ from an actuating cylinder?

伺服執⾏器與執⾏缸有何不同?

using servo actuators to position the ight control surfaces

使⽤伺服執⾏器定位⾶⾏控制⾯






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 43. Compare a hydraulic motor with a piston-type pump.

將液壓⾺達與活塞式泵進⾏比較。

water pump is hydraulic

⽔泵是⽔⼒

motor is mechanical energy

⾺達是機械能

44. Discuss the purpose of colored markings on O-ring seals.

討論 O 形環密封件上彩⾊標記的⽤途。

identi es the type of system in which it is used

標識使⽤它的系統類型

45. When O-ring seals are used in high-pressure systems, what devices are often
necessary?

當O型圈密封件⽤於⾼壓系統時，通常需要哪些裝置?

Backup rings

備⽤環

46. Compare a closed-pressure hydraulic system with an open-center system.

當 O 形環⽤於⾼壓系統時，安裝了⽀撐環。

open: the pump move simple, only one subsystem at same time

開：泵動簡單，同⼀時間只有⼀個⼦系統

close: using two pump, lead to all the selector valves

關閉：使⽤兩個泵，通向所有的選擇閥






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 47. List the principal hydraulic systems in a Boeing 777 aircraft.

將封閉式壓⼒液壓系統與開中⼼式系統進⾏比較
left and right hydraulic power system

左右液壓動⼒系統

center hydraulic system

中央液壓系統

center hydraulic isolation system

中央液壓隔離系統

48. What is the function of a power-transfer unit on the 777 aircraft?

列出波⾳ 777 ⾶機的主要液壓系統

777 no PTU

49. List the principal hydraulic systems on an A380 aircraft.

777 ⾶機上的動⼒傳輸裝置的功能是什麼

Green and Yellow hydraulic system

50. Name the three principal hydraulic systems for the Boeing 777 airplane.

說出波⾳ 777 ⾶機的三個主要液壓系統。

left

Right

Center

51. What types of pumps are employed in the hydraulic power systems for the Boeing
777 airplane?

波⾳ 777 ⾶機的液壓動⼒系統使⽤哪些類型的泵?

Ac meter pumps TWO / Air driven pumps TWO / van air turbine

交流計量泵兩台 / 氣動泵兩台 / 廂式空氣渦輪機













 52. What systems are served by system A in the Boeing 777?

波⾳ 777 中的系統 A 為哪些系統提供服務?

Left system

53. What is the purpose of the ground interconnect valve?

地⾯互連閥的⽤途是什麼︖

Provide means or initial pressure when engines are not operating.

在發動機不⼯作時提供⽅法或初始壓⼒。

67. List the principal consideration necessary when servicing a hydraulic reservoir.

列出維修液壓油箱時需要考慮的主要因素。

the technician must make sure the correct type of uid is used

技術⼈員必須確保使⽤正確類型的流體

68. What conditions can cause banging or chattering in a hydraulic system?

什麼情況會導致液壓系統中的撞擊或顫動?

Air in the hydraulic

69. What conditions may cause lack of pressure in a hydraulic system?

什麼情況會導致液壓系統壓⼒不⾜?

sheared pump valve, relief valve, pressure regulator

剪切泵閥、安全閥、壓⼒調節器




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70. What may cause the pressurized section of a hydraulic system to lose pressure?

什麼可能導致液壓系統的受壓部分失壓?

the pump is not work of pressure control wait be leaking.

泵不⼯作的壓⼒控制等待洩漏。