MCTE 3312

CONTROL SYSTEMS 1
PLANT MODELING:
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DR. NUR LIYANA AZMI, DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING

1
 Transfer Function

SYSTEM
REPRESENTATION Block Diagram
In mathematical modeling, it is
required to arrange and
represent model equations in Signal Flow Graph
useful form for the purpose of
analysis, simulation, etc.

State Space Form

 Block Diagram
• A block diagram is a convenient tool to visualize the
systems as a collection of interrelated subsystems, which
emphasize the relationships among the system variables.

G(s)
input output

C ( s) = G ( s) R( s)
 Block Diagram
Procedure for Block Diagram Drawing

• Write the equations that describe behaviors of each

component.
• Taking Laplace transform with zero initial values.
• Replacing individual equation by block diagram
• Assemble the elements into a complete block diagram.
 Block Diagram
Block
Block DiagramReduction
Diagram Reduction

The block diagram of a given system often can be reduced

to a simplified block diagram with fewer blocks than the
original block diagram.

For block diagram reduction, we utilize the following

concepts:
• Elementary Block Diagram
• Block diagram algebra
 Three Elementary block diagrams

Series connection Parallel connection Feedback connection

Block Diagram
Block Diagram Algebra
Block Diagram
Block Diagram Algebra
 Block Diagram
Example
Find the transfer function of the following block diagram

Y(s) 2s + 4
= 2
R (s) s + 2s + 4
Block Diagram
Exercise