Learning Activity Sheet #3 – SHS Chemistry 1

Name: ______________________________________ Score/Mark: ____________

Grade and Section: ____________________________ Date: __________________
Type of Activity: [] Concept Notes [] Skills: Exercise/Drill [] Illustration [] Lab/Experiment
Activity Title: Physical Change and Chemical Change – a Microscopic View _____
Learning Target: To have a microscopic understanding of physical and chemical changes.__
Authors/References: Dr. Rey Ibasco/DepEd Science Learning Material___________________
_

The fundamental states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. The particle model of matter shows
that in gases, the attraction between particles is negligible because of the large distance
between them. This explains why a gas spreads. Its particles fill all the available space of its
container. In liquids, the particles are closer to one another. As a result, the attraction between
particles is stronger than that in gases. This attraction makes it possible for liquids to have a
definite volume. Solids have definite shape and volume because the particles are packed closely
together moving only by vibrating in fixed position. The particles of solids are held together by
strong forces.

When a substance undergoes a change in state such as when heated liquid water turns to vapor,
the particles (atoms or molecules) making up the substance remain unchanged. Only the
distance between the particles change. For instance, the distance between water molecules
increases when liquid water turns to water vapor. This change in state (liquid to gas) is physical
change. When sodium (represented by red triangle below) is mixed with water (blue square &
yellow circle), the metal disappears and a white smoke (yellow circle) is observed accompanied
by a loud explosion. The macroscopic observations (white smoke, disappearance of sodium,
etc.) suggests that microscopically, the particles of sodium (atoms) and those of water
(molecules) underwent change (or rearrangement) producing different particles. This is not a
mere physical change (change in state) but chemical change.

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ACTIVITY:
1. Pour rubbing alcohol into a 250-mL clear plastic container up to about 2 mm height. Close it.
a. Describe what happens to the alcohol when it is left in the closed container for some time.
b. Represent through drawings/illustrations what happened to the particles of alcohol.
c. Explain the processes taking place at the sub-microscopic level.

2. Explain and illustrate with drawings what happens when you add enough vinegar to solid
baking soda until it disappears.