A Report on

EYE BLINKDETECTION
ALARM SENSOR WITH
for
Mini Project 1-a (REV- 2019 ‘C’ Scheme) of Second Year, (SE Sem-III)
in
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
by

1. PIYUSH PATIL TU2F2122021

2. ANUSHREE IDEKAR TU2F2122019
3. SIDDHI PAWAR TU2F2122002
4. DARSHAN PUTHRAN TU2F2122018

Under the guidance of

Dr. V. R. Pandit
DEPARTMENT: ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI

AY 2022-23

TERNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled EYE BLINK SENSOR WITH ALARM
DETECTION is a Bonafide work of

1. PIYUSH PATIL (TU2F2122021)

2. ANUSHREE IDEKAR (TU2F2122019)
3. SIDDHI PAWAR (TU2F2122002)
4. DARSHAN PUTHRAN (TU2F2122018)

submitted to the University of Mumbai in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award
of Mini Project 1-a (REV- 2019 ‘C’ Scheme) of Second Year, (SE Sem-III) in
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering as laid down by University of Mumbai
during academic year 2022-23

(_____________________) (_____________________)
Examiner/Reviewer-1 Examiner/ Reviewer -2

Guide Head of Department Principal

 INDEX

Sr. No. Name of Topic Page

Number

Abbreviation ……………………………………………. i
List of Figures
……………………………………………… ii
List of Tables ……………………………………………….
iii

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Need ………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 Definition
…………………………………………………………
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT ..........................................................
3. Mini Project DESIGN (PRINCIPLE AND WORKING)
3.1 Block Diagram ………………………………………………
3.2 Circuit diagram and Working
………………………………………………
4. COMPONENTS/TOOL TO BE USED
4.1 Components (with features related to project
……………………………..
4.2 Software …………………………………………………..
5. PROPOSED EXECUTIONS STEPS
5.1 PCB layout and soldering (actual photos of project from front and
back view)----
6. Troubleshooting
6.1 Problems/Faults in project ……………………………………….
7.REFERENCES :
LIST OF FIGURES:

SR. NO FIGURE NAME PAGE NO.

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 9
4.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 10

LIS OF TABLES:

SR NO. TABLE NAME PAGE NO.

4.2 PIN DESCRIPTION
 1. INTRODUCTION

Accidents are increasing in large pace, and various technologies are

being introduced to reduce the accidents.in this project we provide by
means of accident prevention using eye blink sensor where sensor
detects the infrared rays and helps to prevent an accident from
happening.

Drowsy driving is defined as operation of a motor vehicle while

being cognitively impaired by a lack of sleep. According to the
National Sleep Foundation, some of the drowsy driving signs are:
difficulty focusing, yawning repeatedly or rubbing eyes, trouble
keeping head up and drifting from lane [1]. In recent years, driver
drowsiness has been one of the major causes of road accidents and
can lead to severe physical injuries, deaths and economic losses.
Annually and worldwide, over 1.3 million people die each year on
the road and 20–50 million people suffer non-fatal injuries due to
road accidents. These statistics suggest that driver drowsiness is one
of the most dominant causes for car accidents, injuries, deaths and
economic losses.

Hence, developing a system for monitoring drivers’ drowsiness and

alert the driver when he/she is not paying enough attention to the
road is a fundamental way to prevent accidents.
 2. LITERATURE REVIEW

Drowsy driving is a major cause of traffic accidents. Eye blinking is considered important
evidence of driver drowsiness. This report proposes a portable and low-cost device for
monitoring a driver’s drowsiness The proposed system consists of two main parts that detect
eye blinking based on IR sensors mounted on eyewear. Depending on the reflected and
absorbed IR radiation, this system detects and classifies the eye blinking into normal blinking
(NB). In this work, a user-friendly drowsiness monitoring device based on IR sensors are
proposed. The system is based on directing an IR beam to the human eye using IR-emitters
mounted on the driver's eyewear. When the eye is opened most of IR radiation directed to the
eye will be absorbed and the rest is going to be reflected and collected by IR receivers which
are mounted on the same eyewear. In the contrast, when the eye is closed most of the IR
radiation will be reflected and received by the IR receivers which will convert it to a voltage
proportional to the open or close of the eye.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Driving is the controlled operation and movement of a vehicle,

including cars, motorcycles, trucks, buses, and bicycles. Driving is the
second fastest growing job in India. Drivers have responsibility of
passengers' life as they are the one controlling vehicle. Many a times
drivers feel drowsy while driving due to overworking not enough
sleep and many other reasons. The human body takes a rest by itself if
we don’t take it for us. Drivers closing their eyes for some seconds
can cause loss of many lives. This eye blink sensors buzzes alerting
the driver if the eye is closed.

OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT
i. The main objective of this project is to develop a device that can
detect the driver’s drowsiness.
ii. In order to detect the drowsiness, we decided to use a single
method.
iii. The process is to use the sensor and check if the eye is open or
close.
iv. The output from this method is given as input to the Arduino
EVERY that uses Arduino language and an overall system is
developed.
v. If the eye is closed then the buzzer would be activated.
BLOCK DIAGRAM

FIG 3.1
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

FIG 3.2
 WORKING

1. The sensor is the input and the buzzer provides output.

2. Sensor provides analog input and buzzer provides digital output.

3. The sensor transmits and receives the signal, the eye acts as reflective surface.

4. The Arduino Nano acts as controllers which is suitably coded.

5. The output is provided as per the code.

6. When the eye is open, then there is reflection and thus the sensor input is high
corresponding to low buzzer output.

7. When the eye is closed, (here for 3 seconds) then the sensor input is low corresponding to
high buzzer output.
 HARDWARE COMPONENTS

The hardware components used in the device are-

1.IR Sensor (Sharp a02yk, 20-150cm range)

2.Aurdino nano every (30 pin microcontroller)

3.Piezo buzzer

4.9v battery

5.Connecting wires
 AURDINO PIN CONFIGURATION

FIG 4.1
PIN DESCRIPTION

4.2
 SOFTWARE

The software used in our project is aurdino ide where the machine
code is written and compiled.

The aurdino nano is coded with a particular code to function

according to the user.

The code is processed and then used to fulfill required output.

The code USED in the process is referred.

 CODE USED

int sensor=A1;
int buzzer=3;
void setup()
{
pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT);
pinMode(sensor,INPUT);
}
void loop()
{

if(digitalRead(sensor)==LOW)
{
delay(2000);
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH);
}
else
{
if(digitalRead(sensor)==HIGH);
{
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW);
}

}
}
 PCB SOLDERING

Implemented steps for PCB

Step 1: components required
Step 2: circuiting
Step 3: making PCB
Step 4: tuning the components
Step 5: construction and testing
 LIMITATIONS

Size of the sensor-

Size of the sensor is an issue as it is large in size which in turn is

connected to the main controlling system.

Comfort while in use-

As the time taken in certain journey might be longer, to wear the

device for a longer duration may not be comfortable.

Effect of IR radiations-

The effect of IR radiations on the eye for continuous use can be

harmful and it would be exposed for longer duration
 CONCLUSION, MODIFICATION & SCOPE

In this work a complete driver alert system was implemented. The

operated by 9v battery source indicating low power consumption.
The device is small in size; has a low weight and it is user friendly
and reliable. The device detects driver’s prolonged eye blinking
which is one of drowsy driving symptoms. consequently, it alarms
the driver and wakes her/him up. The performance of the system
can be enhanced by using smaller sensor. This research achieves
good results for detection and analysis of prolonged eye blinking
and may become universal technique for human life
saving in the future.
 TROUBLESHOOTING & PROBLEMS

1.The issue regarding the sensor is the only issue in the project.

2.Because of the sensitivity there are fluctuations in the input.

 REFERENCES

PROJECT IDEA- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIxg7l3kT5g

PATENT LIST - https://patents.google.com/patent/EP2729922A1/en