The Reading

Process
English for Academic and Professional Purposes (EAPP)
WEEK 1
 Reading
- a cognitive process that
involves decoding symbols
to arrive at meaning

- Reading with a purpose helps

readers to direct information
towards a goal and focus their
attention to the text at hand.
 Reasons for reading may vary, but the primary purpose
of it is for readers to understand the text.

READING IS A THINKING PROCESS.

is During this process, the readers:

To R E A D
uses his/her prior knowledge
T H I N K . ●
To ● uses different strategies to understand the text
● uses themes to organize ideas
● uses textual clues to find meanings
 3
READING
COMPONENTS
Reading Process
Reading Comprehension
Thesis Statement
1. The Reading Process
Reading involves recognizing
words, leading to the development
of comprehension.
Research is a process that
negotiates the meaning between the
text and its reader.
3 Stages in the
Reading Process
Pre-reading Stage
● allows the reader to activate
background knowledge, preview
the text, and develop purpose for
reading
● Strategy for students/readers:
- Look at the title of the selection
and list all the information that
comes to mind about the title.
 3 Stages in the
Reading Process
Final / After Reading
● Allows the readers to retell the
During Reading
story, discuss the elements of the
● Readers make predictions, and story, answer questions/compare
then confirms or revises the it to another text. (e.g. Students can
predictions. (e.g. double-entry journal: make their own summary of what they read.)
writing the text on one side and then
personal opinion on the other)
REMEMBER:

COMPREHENSION is an intentional, active, and

interactive process that occurs before, during and
after a person reads a particular piece of writing.
2. Reading Comprehension Comprehension

has two (2) elements: - A mental process that allows the

1. Vocabulary reader to understand the text
- The reader must understand the
meaning of the words that he/she is - Begins before the reader starts
reading. reading the text and continues
even after the reading has finished
2. Text Comprehension
Vocabulary + Text Comprehension =
Understanding of the Text
Comprehension
Strategies
 Comprehension
Strategies

SKIMMING USE IT TO:

- speedy reading for general reading
- let your eyes skip over sentences or
phrases which contain detail
- Concentrate on finding the central or
main point.
● Preview a text/selection prior
to detailed reading
● Refresh your understanding
after the detailed reading
 Comprehension
Strategies
YOU CAN SCAN:
SCANNING
- passing vision speedily over a section of the text ● introduction/preface of the text
to find particular words, phrases, or sentences ● the first/last paragraphs of
related/relevant to your task as a reader
chapters
● concluding /summarizing
chapter of a text
● the book index
 Comprehension
Strategies
DETAILED READING &
NOTE-TAKING
- Use underlining and highlighting to pick out what seem to be the central
or main point. (Do this on your own copy of the texts-- never on borrowed texts.)

- Use keywords to record the main headings as you read.

- Use/Write down questions to encourage you to have an active

approach on reading the text.

- Summarize the text to test whether you understood it or not.

 Comprehension
Strategies
DETAILED READING &
NOTE-TAKING
Avoid passively reading large amounts of text; it does not
make effective use of your time.

Always use a note-taking technique to increase your level of

concentration and understanding.
 Comprehension
Strategies
MAKING INFERENCES
- ability of understanding implicit messages conveyed by a writer based
on the reader’s schema or background knowledge

- Making inferences is one of the reading strategies and techniques we

can practice to improve our comprehension skills.

e.g. seeing a boy quietly seated in a library ---> The boy must be reviewing for
an exam. (We can have the given inference because more or less, at some point, we have
experienced reviewing for an exam in a library before.)
 Comprehension
Strategies
DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

- exploration of the text after reading

- Readers are given opportunity to utilize visual clues to figure out

something not directly stated in the text.
- putting together various information to come up with an acceptable
conclusion

e.g. an open-ended story → Readers have the chance to come up with a

conclusion based on the evidences in the plot.
The Reading Process
PART 2
 Thesis
Statement
a sentence bearing the main idea of an article or an essay
 ● not just a topic

● helps control the ideas within the paper

● tells the reader how we should interpret the

significance of the idea being discussed
Thesis
t e me n t ● the “map” of the paper
St a
● gives idea on what to
expect about the text
 Kinds of
Thesis Statements
ANALYTICAL | EXPOSITORY | ARGUMENTATIVE
 ANALYTICAL THESIS STATEMENT
EXAMPLE:
An analysis of the college admission process reveals one challenge
facing counsellors: accepting students with high test scores or students
with strong extracurricular backgrounds.

ICAL
ANALYT The paper should:
● Explain the analysis of the college admission scores
● Explain the challenge facing admissions counsellors
 EXPOSITORY (EXPLANATORY)
THESIS STATEMENT
EXAMPLE:
The life of the typical college student is characterized
by time spent studying, attending class, and
socializing with peers.

TORY
EXPOSI The paper should:
● Explain how students spend their time studying, attending class,
and socializing with peers
 ARGUMENTATIVE THESIS
STATEMENT
EXAMPLE:
High school graduates should be required to take a year off to
pursue community service projects before entering college in order
to increase their maturity and global awareness.

TORY
EXPOSI The paper should:
Present an argument and give evidence to support the claim
that students should pursue community projects before entering college
 NOTE:
Learning various reading and
comprehension strategies is a skill that is
developed over time.

Academic and professional writing

engages students into various readings,
hence they should be aware of the
different strategies and techniques that
will help them gain mastery.
Questions?
The Reading
Process (PART 1)
English for Academic and Professional Purposes (EAPP)
WEEK 1