]English for Academic and ● Body

Professional Purposes ➢ It is where the essay’s (or

article’s) argument, ideas and
LESSON 1: STRUCTURE OF results are developed and
ACADEMIC TEXT discussed.
● Conclusion
➢ It should not contain any new
*STRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC
facts or ideas, but rather
TEXT function as a brief restatement
❖ Three-part essay structure of the main arguments and facts
❖ The reader is introduced to the topic that that have been treated in the
will be discussed and to the argument essay.
that will be presented.
❖ The discussion/analysis is carried out
and the results are presented. *PROCESS OF ACADEMIC
❖ The argument is summed up and WRITING
conclusions are drawn.
I. posing a question;
II. problematizing a concept;
III. evaluating an opinion;
*3 PARTS OF AN ACADEMIC TEXT IV. ends in answering the
question/questions posed
● Introduction V. clarifying the problem
➢ To provide the reader with a VI. arguing for a stand.
clear idea of the focus and aim
of the text
➢ The topic of the essay/article
*SPECIFIC PURPOSE OF ACADEMIC
will be presented in the
introduction WRITING
➢ It is often accompanied by a
● To inform
thesis statement(the claim that
the writer wishes to make) ● To argue
➢ Provides the ● To persuade
context/background of the
argument Introduces the
theoretical perspectives,
terminology, etc. that will be
used
➢ Explains how the writing will be
organized.
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● Use explicit, scaffolded instruction: a

clear instructions, both auditory and
*Language Used in Academic visual, and make models of expected or
Texts from various possible outcomes.
disciplines ● Bring academic language to the surface:
identify its usage to a particular
>Academic language discipline.

- Represents the language demands of

school (academics).
READING STRATEGIES
- Includes language used in textbooks, in
classrooms, on tests, and in each ● Make Connections
discipline. ○ Text to Self
○ Text to Text
○ Text to Life
● Ask Questions
>Academic vocabulary
● Determine Importance
- Used in all academic disciplines to teach - Don't memorize everything,
about the content of the discipline. Prioritize information.
- Example: A water table is different from ● Infer and Predict
a periodic elements table. - Good readers uses clues and
make educated guesses
● Visualize
Academic structure ● Synthesize
- You must bring everything
- Established ways of organizing writing in
together in the end
a discipline (which can affect how one
- What is the meaning of what
reads).
you are reading?
● Use Fix Up Strategies
○ Examples: Re-read, Underline,
In determining the language used in
Use a Dictionary, Read Aloud,
academic text from various discipline,
Ask for Help
be reminded of the following:

● Identify the text and then analyze the

genre, academic structure and academic
vocabulary.
● Identify and analyze the explicit
instruction/deconstruction concerning
the text; consider multiple models if
necessary.
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- Technical language appropriate to the

area of study may also be used, however
*PAPERS CONSIDERED AS it does not mean using “big words” just
ACADEMIC TEXTS for the sake of doing so.
● Research Paper
● Conference Paper
Citation
● Feasibility Study - A list of references, which is a defense
● Thesis/Dissertation against allegations of plagiarism.
● Reviews
● Essay Complexity
● Academic Journals
● Reports - Complex issues being addressed means
higher-order thinking skills are needed in
order to comprehend.
*NATURE AND
CHARACTERISTICS OF Evidence-based Arguments
ACADEMIC TEXT
- Opinion can be considered as an
evidence

ACADEMIC TEXT Thesis-driven

- A reading material that provides - A particular perspective, idea or position

information which include concepts and applied to the chosen research problem.
theories that are related to the specific
discipline.

Structure

- The overall structure of an academic

text is formal and logical

Tone

- The attitude conveyed in a piece of

writing.
- Presented and with an appropriate
narrative tone and without biased
language.

Language

- Use unambiguous(clear) language.

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*CHARACTERISTICS of ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC LANGUAGE
LANGUAGE
Academic Language
● Formal
- Oral, written, auditory, and visual ➔ It should not be conversational
language proficiency required to learn and casual.
effectively in schools and academic ➔ Avoid colloquial and idiomatic
programs. expressions, slang, and
contractions.
● Impersonal
Academic language VS Social ➔ Do not refer to yourself as the
language performer of actions.
➔ Do not use personal pronouns.
Social Language ● Precise
➔ The facts are presented
Simple, informal language we use when talking
accurately.
face to face with family members and friends.
➔ The choice of words are
Slang terms and hand gestures are allowed to appropriate.
use ➔ The use of technical terms to
achieve precision is applied.
Academic Language ● Objective
It is the vocabulary students or adults must learn ➔ Unbiased, based on facts and is
to succeed in the classroom or in the workplace. not influenced by personal
feelings.

Date: 09/03/20XX