Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

Senior High School Department

SY 2021-2022

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 18

(First Quarter-Week 5)

Name: Score:
Grade/Strand/Section: Date:

Subject: Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Activity Title: Processes in Counseling
Learning Target/s: I can illustrate the different processes involved in undertaking counseling
(HUMSS_DIASS 12-Id-14)
21st Century Skill/s: Critical thinking
Institutional Values: Critical thinking
Reference/s:
Dela Cruz, A., Fernandez, C., Melegrito, M. L., & Valdez, V. (2016). Discipline and

Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Department of Education (2020). Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social

Sciences, Quarter 1 Module 3. Ermita, Manila: Department of Education, National

Capital Region. Retrieved from www.shsph.blogspot.com
Type of Activity: Concept Notes
Skills/Exercises/Drills

Learning Concept:

THE COUNSELING PROCESSES

The Counseling Process is a planned, structured dialogue between a counselor and a

client. It is a cooperative process in which a trained professional helps a person called the client to
identify sources of difficulties or concerns that he or she is experiencing. Together they develop
ways to deal with and overcome these problems so that person has new skills and increased
understanding of themselves and others. For example, students in a college or university may be
anxious about how to study in university, lack of clarity on educational or career direction, have
difficulty living with a room-mate of another race or religion, have concerns with self-esteem,
feelings with being “stressed-out”, difficulties in romantic relationships and so forth.
The fact that counseling is described as a process, there is the implicit meaning of a
progressive movement toward an ultimate conclusion. Hackney and Cormier (1987) describes the
counseling process as a series of steps through which the counselor and client move.

Larissa M. Faustino (Subject Teacher) Page 4 2

 Figure 1. The Counseling Processes
1st Step: Initial Disclosure – Relationship Building
The first step involves building a relationship and focuses on engaging clients to explore
issue that directly affect them. The first interview is important because the client is reading the
verbal and nonverbal messages and make interferences about the counselor and the counseling
situation. Is the counselor able to empathize with the client? Does the client view the counselor as
genuine?

Stages for Relationship Building for the Counselor:

 Introduce yourself
 Invite client to sit down
 Ensure client is comfortable
 Address the client by name
 Invite social conversation to reduce anxiety
 Watch for nonverbal behavior as signs of client’s emotional state
 Invite client to describe his or her reason for coming to talk
 Allow client time to respond
 Indicate that you are interested in the person

2nd Step: In-depth Exploration – Problem Assessment

While the counselor and the client are in the process of establishing a relationship, a
second process is taking place, i.e. problem assessment. This step involves the collection and
classification of information about the client’s life situation and reasons for seeking counseling.

3rd Step: Commitment to action – Goal Setting

Setting goals is very important to the success of counseling. It involves making a
commitment to a set of conditions, to a course of action or an outcome.

4th Step: Counseling Intervention

There are different points of view concerning what a good counselor should do with the
clients depending on the theoretical positions that the counselor subscribes to. For example, the
person-centered approach suggests that the counselor gets involved rather than intervenes by
placing emphasis on the relationship. The behavioral approach attempts to initiate activities that
help clients alter their behavior.

5th Step: Evaluation, Termination or Referral

For the beginning, it is difficult to think of terminating the counseling process, as they are
more concerned with beginning the counseling process. However, all counseling aims towards
successful termination. Terminating the counseling process will have to be conducted with
sensitivity with the client knowing that it will have to end.

Note that each of these steps continues even though the counselor and the client moves
to the next step. For example, after building a relationship, the counselor moves to Step 2 which
involves assessing the problem encountered by the client. In the meantime, the counselor
continues to strengthen the relationship that has been built. In other words, Step 1 or the building
of a relationship does not stop but is ongoing until Step 5 which involves termination or perhaps
the client referred to for further action.

Larissa M. Faustino (Subject Teacher) Page 4 3

Learning Task:
A. Directions. Create a flowchart showing the steps or processes of Counseling. Use the spaces
below for your output.

B. Directions. Arrange chronologically some steps in relationship building for the counselor. Write
1-9 on the line provided.

__________Ensure client is comfortable

__________Watch for verbal and non-verbal behavior as signs of client’s emotional stage
__________Invite clients to describe his/her reason for coming to talk
__________Introduce oneself to clients
__________Address the client by first name
__________Invite client to sit down
__________Allow client time to respond
__________Indicate that you are interested in the person
__________Invite social conversation to reduce anxiety

Larissa M. Faustino (Subject Teacher) Page 4 4

 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

Senior High School Department

SY 2021-2022

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 19

(First Quarter-Week 5)

Name: Score:
Grade/Strand/Section: Date:

Subject: Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Activity Title: Approaches in Counseling
Learning Target/s: I can identify approaches involved in undertaking counseling
(HUMSS_DIASS 12-Id-15)
21st Century Skill/s: Critical thinking
Institutional Values: Critical thinking
Reference/s:
Dela Cruz, A., Fernandez, C., Melegrito, M. L., & Valdez, V. (2016). Discipline and

Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Department of Education (2020). Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social

Sciences, Quarter 1 Module 3. Ermita, Manila: Department of Education, National

Capital Region. Retrieved from www.shsph.blogspot.com
Type of Activity: Concept Notes
Skills/Exercises/Drills

Learning Concept:

BASIC COUNSELING APPROACHES

1. PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPHY
 Approach developed by Sigmund Freud
 Psychoanalysis is based on Freud’s explanation that human beings are basically
determined by psychic energy and early experiences. These unconscious energy
and experiences drive people’s behavior in the form of unconscious motives and
conflicts
 The goal of the therapist is to help the client become conscious of this energy and
early experiences and thereby become empowered and harness both positively.

2. ADLERIAN THERAPY (1870-1937)

 Developed by Alfred Adler
 This approach is built on the belief that an individual is greatly influenced by his/her
past and primarily motivated by social urges

3. PERSON-CENTERED THERAPY
 Originated from Carl Rogers
 Non-directive and focused on the client’s self-discovery rather than input
 The emphasis is on the person and his potentials while the problem comes
secondary only

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 4. GESTALT THERAPY
 Developed by Frederick Perls
 Encourages clients to confront and experience their feelings rather than simply talk
about them
 Involves recognizing and letting go, accompanied by actions like breaking a glass
or hitting something hard

5. BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
 This approach targets overt behavior by specifying treatment goals and making
developing specific treatment plans

6. RATIONAL-EMOTIVE THERAPY
 Developed by Albert Ellis (1913-2007)
 A form of cognitively-oriented behavior therapy and is based on the assumptions
that human beings are being born with a potential for both rational and irrational
thinking.

7. REALITY THERAPY
 Founded by William Glasser (1925-2013)
 Focuses on the client’s present circumstances and highlights his/her strengths that can
be used to target realistic changes in behavior and thus achieve success.

Learning Task:

Directions. Read and analyze the following items then encircle the letter of the best answer.
Each item is equivalent to two points. Erasures means wrong.

1. Geltalt Therapy was developed by ____________

A. William Glasser C. Sigmund Freud
B. Frederick Perls D. Carl Rogers

2. An approach based on the assumptions that human beings are born with a potential for
both rational and irrational thinking
A. Reality Therapy C. Behavioral Therapy
B. Gestalt Therapy D. Rational-Emotive Therapy

3. The following are the basic approaches in counseling EXCEPT

A. Solution-Based Therapy C. Adlerian Therapy
B. Psychoanalytic Therapy D. Reality Therapy

4. The most fundamental aspect of any counseling is the relationship between the counselor and the
client. This statement is ___________
A. TRUE C. Partly True
B. FALSE D. No answer

5. This approach is built on the belief that an individual is greatly influenced by his/her past
and primarily motivated by social urges
A. Psychoanalytic Therapy C. Gestalt Therapy
B. Adlerian Therapy D. Person-Centered Therapy

Larissa M. Faustino (Subject Teacher) Page 4 6

 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

Senior High School Department

SY 2021-2022

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 20

(First Quarter-Week 5)

Name: Score:
Grade/Strand/Section: Date:

Subject: Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Activity Title: Slogan Making
Learning Target/s: I can create a slogan appreciating the roles and functions of a counselor
(Additional Competency)
21st Century Skill/s: Critical thinking, Creativity, Imagination
Institutional Values: Critical thinking, Creativity
Reference/s: -
Type of Activity: Performance Task

Learning Task:

Directions: Create a slogan appreciating the roles and functions of a counselor. Do it on a short
bond paper. Make it creative and original. Be guided on the rubrics below.

RUBRICS IN SLOGAN MAKING

CRITERIA 5 4 3 2
The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is
exceptionally attractive in terms acceptably distractingly
CRAFTMANSHI attractive in terms of neatness. attractive though messy
P of neatness. Good it may be a bit
Well-constructed construction and messy
and not messy not very messy
Slogan is Slogan is creative Slogan is creative The slogan does
exceptionally and a good and some not reflect any
CREATIVITY creative. A lot of amount of thought was put degree of
thought and effort thought was put into creativity
was used to into it
make it
Exceptional use Good use of new Average use of No use of new
ORIGINALITY of new ideas and ideas and new ideas and ideas and
originality to originality to originality to originality to
create slogan create slogan create slogan create slogan

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 Final output was Output was one Output was two Output was three
TIMELINESS received on the week late weeks late or more weeks
due date late

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