PAMANSALAN ECO-TECH HIGH

School Grade Level

SCHOOL
Teacher VIVRAM M. ZAMORAS Learning Area
SHS: MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY
Sch. Yr.: 2022-2023
Quarter: 2 nd PINE JACK PINE JACK PINE JACK PINE JACK
Date & Time of Engagement

Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 9

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a. Recognize different types of compounds (ionic and covalent) based on their properties such as
melting point, hardness, polarity and electrical and thermal conductivity (S9MT-IIb-14)

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Chemical Bonding
Reference: Learner’s Material Science 9
Materials: Chalkboard, images, manila paper

III. PROCEDURE
A. Preparation
 Prayer
 Greetings
 Checking of attendance
 Review past lesson

B. Motivation
 The students play the game “Four Pics one Word”. This game presents four pictures and guess what
specific word fits with the theme of the photos presented.

C. Discussion
Valence electrons are the electrons involved in forming bonds to form compounds. It is
important that you know the valence electrons so that you can illustrate how bonds are formed. It is
good that you have found out that metals have low electronegativity and non-metals have high
electronegativity because this property plays an important role in forming compounds. The nature of the
interaction between the atoms depends on their relative electronegativity.
 Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons, the higher its
value, the higher its tendency to attract electrons. Chemical bonds are formed when valence electrons,
the electrons in the outermost electronic “shell” of an atom, interact.
Chemical bonds are forces that hold atoms together to make compounds or molecules. It is the
connection between atoms in a molecule. These bonds include both strong intramolecular interactions,
such as covalent and ionic bonds. Atoms with the largest electronegativity differences (such as metals
bonding with nonmetals), the bonding interaction is called ionic, and the valence electrons are typically
represented as being transferred from the metal atom to the nonmetal. Once the electrons have been
transferred to the non-metal, both the metal and the non-metal are considered to be ions. The two
oppositely charged ions attract each other to form an ionic compound.

Example of ionic bond:

Magnesium and fluorine combine to form an ionic compound.
 Mg most commonly forms a 2+ ion. This is because Mg has two valence electrons and it would
like to get rid of those two ions to obey the octet rule. Fluorine has seven valence electrons and
usually forms the F – ion because it gains one electron to satisfy the octet rule. When Mg2+ and
F – combine to form an ionic compound, their charges must cancel out. Therefore, one Mg2+
needs two F – ions to neutralize the charge .

Covalent bonds are a class of chemical bonds where valence electrons are shared between
two atoms, typically two nonmetals. The formation of a covalent bond allows the nonmetals to obey
the octet rule and thus become more stable.

For example: fluorine and carbon

 A fluorine atom has seven valence electrons. If it shares one electron with a carbon atom (which
has four valence electrons), the fluorine will have a full octet (its seven electrons plus the one it
is sharing with carbon).
 Carbon will then have five valence electrons (its four and the one its sharing with fluorine).
Covalently sharing two electrons is also known as a “single bond.” Carbon will have to form four
single bonds with four different fluorine atoms to fill its octet.

There are two types of covalent bonds: the polar bonds and the nonpolar covalent bonds. If the
electronegativity difference is equal to 0.4, it results to a nonpolar covalent bond. If the
electronegativity difference is less than 1.9 and more than 0.4, polar covalent is formed.

Difference of Ionic and Covalent Bonds based on their properties

IONIC COVALENT
Types of Atoms Involved Metals and nonmetals Nonmetals
(Metal, Nonmetal)
Method of Bond Formation Positive ions bonding with Sharing valence electrons
(Valence Electrons) negative ions…Transfer of
Electrons
Type of Structure Crystalline Molecular
Physical State (Solid, Liquid Solid Gases, liquids, or low melting
or Gas) point solids
Melting/Boiling Point (High or High melting point Low melting point
Low)
Solubility in Water Soluble Insoluble / soluble
Electrical Conductivity High (as liquid) Does not conduct
Low (as solid)
Other Properties Most are hard Flammable

D. Application
  The students individually do the activity given.
Directions: Compare and contrast ionic compound based on their properties such as melting point,
hardness, polarity and electrical and thermal conductivity. On the left side of the circle write all about
ionic, at the center their similarities and on the right side write all about covalent.

IONIC COVALENT

Similarities of Ionic and

Covalent Compounds

E. Generalization
 The students answer the following questions before wrapping up the lesson.
- What is the difference between ionic and covalent?
- What are the following properties as Ionic or Covalent compounds?
-

IV. EVALUATION
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and place it on the corresponding space before
the number.

1. Which of the following properties of atoms is the most suitable reference for the kind of bond that will
take place between/ among them?
A. Atomic Size B. Electron Affinity C. Electronegativity D. Ionization Energy

2. When does covalent bonding takes place?

A. When atoms attain stability C. When the attraction between atoms is strong
B. When atoms collide with one another D. When atoms share electrons with one another

3. Which of the following types of bonds will have the highest electrical and thermal conductivity?
A. Ionic bond B. Metallic bond C. nonpolar covalent bond D. Polar covalent bond

4. The kind of chemical bond that will form between two oxygen atoms.
A. Ionic bond B. Metallic bond C. nonpolar covalent bond D. Polar covalent bond

5. Nitrogen(N) belongs to family 5A and it is diatomic. How many nonpolar covalent bonds will there be in
N2 molecule?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

6. A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a(n)
A. covalent bond B. crystal bond C. ionic bond D. polyatomic bond
7. Which of the following compounds will have the highest melting temperature?
A. Lead wire B. Paraffin wax C. Sodium chloride (salt) D. Sucrose (table sugar)

8. Which of the following two statements about covalent bond are correct?
1. It can be formed between two metal atoms.
2. It can be formed between two non-metal ions.
3. It is formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
4. It is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.

A. 1 and 3 B. 1 and 4 C. 2 and 3 D. 2 and 4

9. Covalent (molecular) compounds do not conduct electricity because they

A. break up into ions. C. do not dissolve in water
B. do not break up into ions. D. have high melting points.
10. The best example of a non-polar molecule containing polar bonds is_____________.
A F2 B. CO2 C. SO2 D. PCl3

V. ASSIGNMENT

Prepared by:
Vivram M. Zamoras
LSB Teacher

Approved by:

NOEL G. SOLIS, RN
SSP II