SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: Mathematics Grade: 10 Quarter: 3 Week: 7

MELC: illustrate the probability of a union of two events

Competency Code: M10SP-IIIg-1

Name: _________________________ Section: ________ Date: ________

School: __________________________ District: ___________________

A. Discussion and Examples

Probability is the chance that an event will occur. The union of two events is a set that
contains all of the elements that are in at least one of the two events. The word that you will
often see that indicates a union is “or”. The intersection of the two events is a set that contains
all of the elements that are in both events. The word that you will often see that indicates an
intersection is “and”.

Probability of a union of two events

Example 1

A fair six-sided die is rolled once. The possible outcomes are {1,2,3,4,5,6}.
Let A be the event that the number is an odd number A={1,3,5}
B be the event that the number is greater than 3 B= {4,5,6}
C be the event that number is an even number C= {2,4,6}
Find the indicated probability:

1. P (A ∪ B) 2. P (B ∪ C)
since (A ∪ B) = {1,3,4,5,6} since (B ∪ C) = {2,4,5,6}
5 4 2
therefore P (A ∪ B) = therefore P (B ∪ C) = or
6 6 3

3. P (A ∪ C) 4. P (A ∩ B)
since (A ∪ C) = {1,2,3,4,5,6} since (A ∩ B) = {5}
6 1
therefore P (A ∪ C) = or 1 therefore P (A ∩ B) =
6 6

5. P (A ∩ C)
since (A ∩ C) = {1} empty set since there is no common element

therefore P (A ∩ C) =0 the probability of an empty set is zero

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Example 2

Thirty students in a room love watching thriller series but 10 among them enjoy drama
series also. There are 50 students in the room and 8 of them do not enjoy watching thriller
and drama series. Find the probability who enjoys
a. thriller b. drama c. thriller or drama d. thriller and drama e. not drama

Solution:
This situation can be presented through a Venn diagram.

30 3 8
a. P (thriller) = 𝑜𝑟
50 5

22 11 Thriller Drama
b. P (drama) = or
50 25 10
c. P (thriller or drama) P (thriller ∪ drama) 20
42 21
12
= or
50 25
d. P (thriller and drama) P (thriller ∩ drama )
10 1
= or
50 5
28 14
e. P (not drama) = or
50 25
B. Exercises

Exercise 1
Directions: Read carefully the situation and answer the following:
Fifteen balls in a jar are numbered from 1 to 15. A ball is drawn at random.
Let A be the event that the number on the ball is less than 6
B be the event that the number on the ball is greater than 9 and
C be the event that the number on the ball is even.
Find the indicated probability:
1. P (A ∪ B)
2. P (B ∪ C)
3. P (A ∪ C)
4. P (B ∩ C)
5. P (A ∩ B)
Exercise 2
Directions: Illustrate the Venn diagram of the given situation and answer the
following questions:
In a sports event with 35 guests,8 enjoy biking and hiking and 15 enjoy only biking
and the rest enjoy hiking only. Determine the probability of the guests who prefer
1. hiking.
2. biking.
3. hiking and biking.
4. hiking or biking.
5. not biking.

2
C. Assessment/Application/Outputs

A. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it in your answer sheet.

A number is drawn at random from the set {1,2,3, . . . 20}.Find the probability that the
number chosen is
1. A multiple of 2 and a multiple of 5
1 1 1 1
A. B. C. D.
20 10 5 3
2. A multiple of 2 or a multiple of 5
3 3 3 3
A. B. C. D.
20 10 5 4
3. A multiple of 3 but not a multiple of 5
1 3 2 1
A. B. C. D.
20 10 5 4
4. A multiple of 3 or a multiple of 2
9 11 13 15
A. B. C. D.
20 20 20 20
5. A multiple of 3 and a multiple of 2
3 5 7 9
A. B. C. D.
20 20 20 20

B. Refer to the situation to answer numbers 1-5.

A classroom has 25 students, 12 are into sports, 10 are into theater and 4 are into
both sports and theater. What is the probability of students who are into
1. sports?
2. theater?
3. sports or theater?
4. sports and theater?
5. not into sports or theater?

D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

Illustrate the Venn diagram of the given situation and give the indicated probability.

There are 52 students in a class and 10 of them like English and Mathematics and 3 of
them do not like both subjects,25 students like English only. If a student is selected at
random, find the probability that

1. he/she liked Mathematics only.

2. he/she liked English.
3. he/she liked Mathematics.
4. he/she liked both Mathematics and English.
5. he/she liked English or Mathematics.

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References:

Callanta et al,2015: Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module, Pasig City, Department of

Education
Mendoza, M, and Oronce, O., 2019: E-Math Worktext in Mathematics 10, Sampaloc,
Manila, Rex Bookstore

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

JANETH E. BACOTCOT PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Master Teacher 1 EPS, Mathematics
Division of Cebu Province

GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they
attempt to answer the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them
understand easily the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part.
Doing so, will help you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-
learning home task from beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.