ENGINES - Four Stroke

Diesel Engine
ROSHAN GEORGE

Kerala PSC Expert

 FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE
● A four-stroke engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine in which the
piston completes four separate strokes to complete a cycle of
operation.
● FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE Diesel engine is also known as
compression ignition (CI) Engine. It is invented by Rudolf Diesel (1892)
 FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE -
WORKING

● The cycle of operation of a four stroke diesel engine consists of the following
strokes:

1. Suction or intake stroke

2. Compression stroke

3. Expansion or power stroke

4. Exhaust stroke.
1. Suction or intake
stroke
● In this stroke the Intake valve is opened
and exhaust valve is closed
● The piston moves from Top Dead Centre
(TDC) to Bottom Dead Centre (BDC)
creating a vacuum inside the cylinder
● The vacuum created inside the cylinder
draws the fresh air into the cylinder
● It is performed till the piston reaches
BDC.
● Process is known as suction and this
stroke is called the suction stroke
 2. Compression
stroke
● During this stroke, both the inlet and
exhaust valves are closed.
● Piston moves upwards from BDC to TDC.
● Air is compressed.
● Pressure and temperature of the air is
increased.
● Just before the piston reaches the TDC,
the diesel is injected into the cylinder in
the form of a fine spray.
● The fuel gets vaporized and self ignited
due to the heat of compressed air.
 3. Expansion stroke
or Power stroke

● Both the inlet and exhaust valves remain

closed.
● The high pressure of the products of
combustion (due to expansion of charge)
pushes piston from TDC to BDC.
● This is also known as working stroke as
work is done by the expansion of hot
gases
● The force above the piston is transmitted
to the crankshaft through the connecting
rod and crank mechanism.
● Excess energy due to the combustion is
stored in the flywheel which helps for the
operation of three idle strokes.
 4. Exhaust Stroke

● At the end of the expansion stroke, the

exhaust valve opens and the inlet valve
remains closed
● The piston moves upwards that is from
BDC to TDC
● This pushes out the products of
combustion from the engine cylinder
through the exhaust valve into the
atmosphere.
● Expansion and exhaust strokes complete
one revolution of the crankshaft.
● Four strokes completes two revolutions of
the crankshaft.
● The cycle repeats until sufficient fuel for
the operation is not received or the spark
is not developed.
Questions
In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited by

A Spark B Combustion chamber

D Heat resulting from

C Injected Fuel
compressing air
In which stroke piston moves from TDC to
BDC with both the intake and exhaust valves
in the closed position?

A Power B Compression

C Exhaust D Suction
Ignition of the charge occurs in between
which of the following two strokes:

A Intake, Power B Compression, Power

C Power, Exhaust D Exhaust, Suction

The working cycle in case of four stroke
engine is completed in following number of
revolutions of crankshaft

A One B Two

C Three D Half
 Which of the following personalities from
India is the only winner of Special Oscar in
the history of Indian Cinema so far?

A Mrinal Sen B Shyam Bengal

C Satyajit Ray D Mira Nair

 Which of the following personalities from
India is the only winner of Special Oscar in
the history of Indian Cinema so far?

A Mrinal Sen B Shyam Bengal

C Satyajit Ray D Mira Nair

 Which of the following personalities from
India is the only winner of Special Oscar in
the history of Indian Cinema so far?

A Mrinal Sen B Shyam Bengal

C Satyajit Ray D Mira Nair

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