#1: CONCEPT OF DISASTER &

DISASTER RISK
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Disaster Disaster Risk

is a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society involving widespread
human, material, economic or environmental
losses and impacts, exceeding the ability of the
community to cope using own resources.
is the probability of harmful consequences or
expected losses resulting from interactions
between natural or human-induced hazards
and vulnerable conditions

Hazard
Phenomenon or situation, which has the
potential to cause disruption or damage to
people, their property, their services and their
environment.
Vulnerability
Is a condition determined by physical,
economic, social and environmental factors or
processes which increase the susceptibility of
a community to the impact of hazards.

Capacity
opposite of vulnerability.

combination of a community's strengths, characteristics and resources that can be utilized to achieve

certain goals.

Risk
product of hazards over which we have no control; includes

the likelihood or probability of a disaster happening

the negative effects that result if the disaster happens

increased by vulnerabilities (characteristics/circumstances that make one susceptible to damaging

efects of a hazard)

#1: CONCEPT OF DISASTER & DISASTER RISK 1

 decreased by capacities (combination of strengths, attitudes, and resources)

Vulnerability
characteristics & circumstances of a community, system, or asset that make it susceptible to the
damaging effects of a hazard

Factors of Vulnerability:
1. Demographic Factors
2. Socio- 3. Community Preparedness
a. Population Density
economic
a. Building codes
b. Age of Population Factors
c. Distribution of b. Scientific monitoring &
Population a. Wealth
early warning system
b. Education
c. Communication networks
c. Nature of
d. Emergency Planning
Society

d. Understanding
of the Area

Types of Vulenrability
1. Physical Vulnerability

It may be determined by aspects such as population density levels, remoteness of a settlement, the
site design and materials used for critical infrastructure.

2. Social Vulnerability

refers to the inability of people, organization and societies to withstand adverse impacts to hazards
due to characteristics inherent in social interactions, institutions
and system of cultural values.

3. Economic Vulnerability

The level of vulnerability is highly dependent upon the economics status of individuals,
communities and nations.

#1: CONCEPT OF DISASTER & DISASTER RISK 2

 The poor are usually more vulnerable to disasters because they lack the resources to build sturdy
structures and put other engineering measures in place to protect themselves from being negatively
impacted by disaster

4. Environmental Vulnerability

Natural resources depletion & resource degradation are key aspects of environmental vulnerability

Risk Factors
signifies the possibility of adverse effects in the future

derived from the interaction of social and enviromental processes, from the combination of physical
hazard and the vulnerabilities of exposed elements

Philippine Exposure & Vulnerabilities to Natural Disaster

8 out of 10 cities most exposed to natural hazards are in the Philippines. (Philippine Star, 2014)

Study also found that of the 100 cities with the greatest exposure to natural hazard, 21 are in the
Philippines, 16 in China, 11 in Japan and 8 in Bangladesh

Philippine Vulnerability to Natural Disaster

#1: CONCEPT OF DISASTER & DISASTER RISK 3

 The Philippines lies in the Pacific typhoon belt and we are visited by an average of 20 typhoons every
year.

The rugged nature of our landscape makes our communities very vulnerable to landslides, mudflows
and other disasters.

The Philippines is an archipelagic country with many small island.

Many of our areas are also at below sea level

With one of the longest in the world at 32,400 km, we have many areas that are vulnerable to storm
surges.

The Philippines is still a primary agricultural and fishing economy.

located in the typhoon belt, average of 18-22 typhoons a year, almost half of which is destructive

Natural hazard risk is compounded in the Philippines by poor institutional and social capacity to
manage, respond and recover from natural hazard events.

The Philippines is considered "high risk" in terms of the country's ability to manage and mitigate the
impacts of natural hazard and in part due to 'entrenched corruption and high levels of poverty'.

Aside from being at risk to typhoons, the Philippines is also at risk to volcanic, quakes and floods.

*almost the entire country is within the Ring of Fire

COMPONENTS OF DISASTER RISK

*OWN UNDERSTANDING
Hazard - a situation that has not caused damage, but has the potential to
Vulnerability - condition/circumstance that makes one more likely to be hit by hazard

Disaster - the situation where one is disrupted by a hazard

#1: CONCEPT OF DISASTER & DISASTER RISK 4

 Risk - probability/chance of a disaster happening

Capacity - chance of one to withstand a disaster

#1: CONCEPT OF DISASTER & DISASTER RISK 5