Sem 1 2021/2022

After completing this course, the students should be able to:

Apply knowledge of calculus to solve problems involving the second order differential equations, multivarible functions,
CLO 1
multiple integrals and vector calculus correctly. (C3, LOD1, LOD 10, PLO1)

CLO 2 Critically produce a report and presentation for a guided PBL assignments and project. (P3, LOD 5, LOD 9, PLO5)

CLO 3 Independently perform a lifelong learning in a guided PBL assignments and projects. (A2, LOD 13, PLO12)
1. CHAPTER 1: SECOND ORDER LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL 3. CHAPTER 3: MULTIPLE INTEGRALS
EQUATIONS
1.1 Homogenous equation 3.1
Double integrals (Cartesian and polar coordinates)
1.2 Methods of solving non-homogenous equation

1.2.1 Method of undetermined coefficients (all cases) 3.2

Triple integrals (Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates)
1.2.2 Method of variation parameters
1.2.3 Laplace Transform 3.3
1.3 Applications of second order differential equations and Applications of multiple integrals (lamina and solid)
Laplace transform
2. CHAPTER 2: MULTIVARIABLE FUNCTIONS
4. CHAPTER 4: VECTOR
2.1
Domain and range, level curves, contour lines, 3D
graphs
4.1 Introduction of vector-valued function
2.2 Limit and continuity
2.3 Definition of partial derivative, mixed derivative, chain
4.2 Line Integral of scalar and vector fields
rule, implicit differentiation
2.4 Applications of partial derivatives
4.3 Surface integral of scalar and vector fields
 1. Quiz: 5 marks
2. Project: 20 marks (Chapter 1 - Applications of second order differential equations and
Laplace transform; Chapter 2 - Applications of partial derivatives; Chapter 3, Applications of
multiple integrals (lamina and solid) )
3. Test : 20 marks - 19th Nov 2020 (Friday). 9am. Online
4. Assignment: 5 marks (*task complete in class: Group-work)
5. Final exam: 50 marks
 TOTAL: 100 marks
1. Each group will be given the sub-topic that related to problem.
2. Students required to develop the FILA table and submit to lecturer.
3. After lecturer satisfied with the FILA table, student need to solve the problem by using
knowledge in chapter 1, 2 or 3.
4. Students required to write a report and present their solution.
Chapter Group no Topic Content in Report:

1 Free (Undamped)
1. Detail of group members: background group
oscillations
members. Include picture.
2 Damped oscillations
2. Introduction: include problem statement
3 Forced oscillations
1 (FILA table), show the variable, assumption
4
and limitation.
5 3. Methodology: show the equation and
6 calculation. Justify the selection of equation.
7 4. Result and Conclusion
5. References
8

9
10
1
Abd. Wahid Md. Raji, Mohd Nor Mohamad. (2018). Differential Equations
for Engineering Students. Malaysia: Penerbit UTM Sdn Bhd

2 Abd. Wahid Md. Raji, Hamisan Rahmat, Ismail Kamis, Mohd Nor
Mohamad, Ong Chee Tiong. (2013). The first course of Calculus for
Science and Engineering Students. Malaysia: Penerbit UTM Press

3 Stroud, K. A., Booth, D. J. (2007). Advanced Engineering Mathematics.

4th Ed. USA: Palgrave Macmillan.

4 Stroud, K. A., Booth, D. J. (2007). Engineering Mathematics. 6th Ed.

USA: Palgrave Macmillan.

5 Howard Anton, Irl Bivens, Stephen Davis. (2002). Calculus. 7th Ed. New
York: John Wiley [QA303.A57 2002)

6 Robert T. Smith and Roland B. Minton. (2007). Calculus Early

Transcendental Function. 3rd Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill [QA303.2.S644
2007)
 Abd. Wahid Md. Raji, Mohd Nor Mohamad.
(2009). Differential Equations for Engineering
Students. Malaysia: Comtech Marketing Sdn.
Bhd.
 James, Glyn. (2004). Advanced Modern
Engineering Mathematics. 3rd Ed. England.
Prentice Hall.
 Peter V. O’Neil. (2003). Advanced
Engineering Mathematics. Thomson
Brooks/Cole.
 Stroud, K. A., Booth, D. J. (2007). Advanced
Engineering Mathematics. 4th Ed. USA:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Part 1: Homogenous equation
 general form
𝑎𝑦 ′′ + 𝑏𝑦 ′ + 𝑐𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥

Homogenous Non-Homogenous
𝑓 𝑥 =0 𝑓 𝑥 ≠0
 Solved by obtaining the characteristics equation. Characteristics
equation is obtain by substituting
𝑦 ′′ → 𝑚2
𝑦′ → 𝑚
𝑦→1
 3 steps
1. Obtain the characteristics equation
2. Determine the type of characteristics equation roots
3. Find the solution of the equation by referring the table
Type of Roots Solution Methods
1.Distinct and Real roots 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑚1𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 𝑚2𝑥 Factorization
𝑚1 = 𝑟1 𝑚±𝑎 𝑚±𝑏 =0
𝑚2 = 𝑟2 𝑚1 ≠ 𝑚2
𝑏2 > 4𝑎𝑐
2. Real and Equal roots 𝑦 = (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥)𝑒 𝑚𝑥 Factorization
𝑚1 = 𝑚2 = 𝑚 𝑚±𝑎 𝑚±𝑏 =0
𝑚1 = 𝑚2
𝑏2 = 4𝑎𝑐
3. Complex Roots 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽𝑥) 𝑏2 < 4𝑎𝑐
𝑚 = 𝛼 + 𝛽𝑖 −𝑏 ± 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑚=
2𝑎
 Cek 𝑏2 >≤ 4𝑎𝑐
𝑎 = 1; 𝑏 = 1; 𝑐 = −2
𝑏2 = 4𝑎𝑐
Find the general solution for 12 = 4(1)(−2)
𝑦 ′′ + 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 0 1≻8
So, Type 1: Distinct & Real
Solution Roots
𝑚2 + 𝑚 − 2 = 0
𝑚+2 𝑚−1 =0
𝑚1 = −2
𝑚2 = 1
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 𝑥

Type of Roots Solution Methods

Distinct and Real roots 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑚1𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 𝑚2𝑥 Factorization
𝑚1 = 𝑟1 𝑚±𝑎 𝑚±𝑏 =0
𝑚2 = 𝑟2 𝑚1 ≠ 𝑚2
𝑏2 > 4𝑎𝑐
1. Solve
2. Solve
𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 4𝑦 = 0
Where 𝑦 ′′ − 4𝑦 ′ + 13𝑦 = 0

𝑦 0 =1 𝑦′ 0 = 0 Where y 0 = 2 𝑦′ 0 = 2

Type of Roots Solution Methods

1.Distinct and Real roots 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑚1𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 𝑚2𝑥 Factorization
𝑚1 = 𝑟1 𝑚±𝑎 𝑚±𝑏 =0
𝑚2 = 𝑟2 𝑚1 ≠ 𝑚2
𝑏2 > 4𝑎𝑐
2. Real and Equal roots 𝑦 = (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥)𝑒 𝑚𝑥 Factorization
𝑚1 = 𝑚2 = 𝑚 𝑚±𝑎 𝑚±𝑏 =0
𝑚1 = 𝑚2
𝑏2 = 4𝑎𝑐
3. Complex Roots 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽𝑥) 𝑏2 < 4𝑎𝑐
𝑚 = 𝛼 + 𝛽𝑖 −𝑏 ± 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑚=
2𝑎