Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna
COLLEGE PHYSICS

EXPERIMENT 3

NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

An experiment activity to be submitted by the College student of Psychology Department in fulfillment of our
College Physics

Guico, Jem Mariel S.

Mr, Ariel Sumague

10 March 2023
 Colegio San Agustin
College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

ABSTRACT

Sir Isaac Newton was a famous physicist of all time. He studies, discovered, and formulated a lot of
theories and laws, including the three laws of motion. These three laws of motion help us in understanding how
objects behave when it is not moving, when it is not staying still, and when there are forces acting on or upon
the objects.

Newton’s first law states that an object will stay still or will not move, unless there’s an unbalanced
force acted on it. This is called the Law of Inertia. His second law of motion is called the Amount of Force. In
this law, Newton stated that the acceleration of an object depends on the amount of force exerted to it and its
mass. Lastly, the third law of motion is called Action and Reaction. Newton states that whenever an object
exerts force to another object, the second object also exerts the equal and opposite force to the first object.

This experiment aims to describe, analyze, observe, and prove the three laws of motion by Isaac
Newton. It also proves that we encounter the three laws of motion in our everyday lives. There are 14 stations in
this experiment and each station has a corresponding relation to one of the three laws of motion. Upon doing
this experiment, we will be able to understand the relation of the three laws of motion in our everyday lives.

Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

EQUIPMENTS

Station 1
 Note card or card board
 Five-peso coin
  Table
Station 2
 Five-peso coin

Station 3
 Coin
 Bucket

Station 4
 Two water bottles (with water)
 Card board

Station 5
 Meter stick
 Ruler

Station 6
 Beaker
 Card board
 Coin

Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

Station 7
 Coin
 Table

Station 8
 Two balls with different masses
 Station 9
 Cart or toy car
 Stopwatch

Station 10
 Two marbles
 Track

Station 11
 Flat piece of paper
 Wadded-up paper

Station 12
 Balloon

Station 13
 Two-piece flat papers

Station 14
 Pendulum

Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

PROCEDURE

Station 1 (Newton’s First Law of Motion)

1. Place your card board/note card in your table in about 1/3.

2. Put the five-peso coin on the top of the card.
 3. Remove the card as quickly as you can.
4. Observe the motion of the coin as you remove the card.

Station 2 (Newton’s First Law of Motion)

1. Put your right hand to your right ear.
2. Raise your elbow in the same level as you shoulder.
3. Place the coin on the top of your elbow.
4. Straighten your arms as quickly as you can and try if you can catch the coin.

Station 3 (Newton’s First Law of Motion)

1. Place a coin in the bucket.
2. Move the bucket in a circular motion.
3. Observe the motion of the coin inside the bucket.

Station 4 (Newton’s First Law of Motion)

1. Place the first bottle on the top of your table.
2. Put the card board on the tip of the bottle.
3. Place the other bottle on the top of the first bottle.
4. Remove the card as quickly as possible.
5. Observe if the bottles will move.

Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

Station 5 (Newton’s First Law of Motion)

1. Try to balance the meter stick and ruler in your fingers.
2. Observe which of the two is easier to balance.

Station 6 (Newton’s First Law of Motion)

 1. Place the card board on the top of the beaker.
2. Put the coin on the top of the card that is on the beaker.
3. Remove the cardboard quickly.
4. Observe what will happen to the coin.

Station 7 (Newton’s Second Law of Motion)

1. Place a coin in the end of your table.
2. Use your fingers to push the coin to the other side of the table.
3. Observe how the coin will move.

Station 8 (Newton’s Second Law of Motion)

1. Put the two balls with different masses in the ground.
2. Push the ball with a lower mass in a gentle way.
3. Push the second ball with a heavy mass way harder.
4. Observe the distance between the two balls.

Station 9 (Newton’s Second Law of Motion)

1. Put a starting line and a finish line.
2. Prepare your stopwatch.
3. Push the cart/toy car in a gentle way, and the other object times it.
4. Record the result.

Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

Station 10 (Newton’s Second Law of Motion)

1. Place the first marble on the top of the track.
2. Place the second marble on the bottom of the track.
3. Release the top marble so that it rolls down the track and collides with the second marble.

Station 11 (Newton’s Second Law of Motion)

 1. At the same time, drop the flat piece of paper & the wadded-up piece of paper onto the lab table.
2. Which hits the ground first?

Station 12 (Newton’s Third Law of Motion)

1. Blow up the balloon.
2. Release the balloon.
3. Observe what happened.

Station 13 (Newton’s Third Law of Motion)

1. Stand with each of your feet on a separate sheet of paper.
2. Start to run.
3. Observe the paper.

Station 14 (Newton’s Third Law of Motion)

1. Pull one pendulum back about 25cm (10 inches).
2. Let the stopper fall into the other stopper.
 Colegio San Agustin
College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

RESULTS/DISCUSSION

Stations 1 to 6 relates to the Newton’s First Law of Motion. In these stations, we can
clearly see that an object will stay still forever, not until you exerted an unbalanced force. The
unbalanced force in these stations is how I push, pull, or remove the other objects. It creates
forces which makes the object move.

The stations 7 to 11 proves the existence of Newton’s Second Law of Motion, in which
the acceleration or movement of an object depends on its mass and the amount of force you put
on it. A great example would be the pushing a coin from one side to another. The harder I push,
the farther it goes because I exerted a heavy amount of force. These stations also shows the other
type of force, which is friction. Friction is a force that stops the object from moving. If there’s no
friction, the object you push will never stop moving unless it bumps into something.

In the stations 11 to 14 is the Newton’s Third Law of Motion. The experiments in these
stations are somehow confusing, but to understand the purpose of the experiments, I look at the
purpose of the third law of motion which is once you exert force, you also receive the equal and
opposite force. The result of the stations or experiments actually proves the three laws of motion
of Isaac Newton.
 Colegio San Agustin
College Department
Biñan City, Laguna

QUESTIONS

1. What kind of forces are acting upon the objects while it was staying still?

If an object is at rest, then the forces acting on it is balanced. There are different types
of forces, and I think the one that makes an object stay still is the normal force. Normal force
is actually a force that passes through an object which makes it balance and still. For
example, if a book is on top of the table, therefore, the normal force is acting upon it
perpendicularly.

2. How does friction affect a moving object?

When two surfaces glide past one another, a force known as friction is created.
Moving things lose energy and slow down due to the friction force that opposes their motion.
A fluid, like air or water, exerts a frictional force on moving object when they travel through
it.

3. How does Isaac Newton come up to these laws?

Sir Isaac Newton developed the theory of gravitation around 1665 or 1666 after
observing an apple fall and wondering why it fell straight down rather than sideways or
even upward. He shows that the force that made the apple fall and the reason as to why is
was still on the ground is the same force that keeps the moon and planets in their orbits.

Colegio San Agustin

College Department
Biñan City, Laguna
 4. Do we actually encounter these three laws of motion in our daily lives?

We do actually encounter the Three Laws of Motion in our everyday lives. Just by
simply looking at your cellphone that is on the top of the table or your chair standing on the
ground. That is already the Law of Inertia. When you throw a ball in bowling, that is already
the Second Law. When you jump from the ground, that is already the Third Law. The
theories are extensive and somehow incomprehensible but when you look what it does in
real-life, it’s actually very easy to understand and notice.

CONCLUSION

Relate back to the findings in the results/discussion of the report, I have acquired a
knowledge of how the Newton’s Three Laws of Motion works. In my own perspective,
especially when I was younger, I thought these laws are very difficult to understand. Now, the
stations or experiments I did help a lot in my appreciation and understanding on how the forces
works, and why Sir Isaac Newton was praised in discovering these.

In conclusion and to finally understand the concept of the Three Laws of Motion, the
Law of Inertia or the First Law of Motion is about a single object staying still forever unless
there are some forces acted upon it. The Second Law of Motion–Amount of Force– is about how
the amount of force and its mass you exert affects the acceleration of a moving object. Lastly, the
Third Law of Motion–Action and Reaction– is whenever an object exert a force to the other
object, it will also exert the equal and opposite force to the other object.