Nama : Dani Firmansyah Kurniawan

NIM : 4201419040

QUIZ 1

i). The current “I” in the circuit above is an induced current. (T/F) Explain.

Answer : True, As the current increases, the magnetic flux B is increasing with time and induces
an emf in the loop.

ii). What is “self-induction”? Explain.

Answer : Self inductance is defined as the induction of a voltage in a current-carrying wire

when the current in the wire itself is changing. In the case of self-inductance, the magnetic field
created by a changing current in the circuit itself induces a emf in the same circuit. Therefore,
the emf is self-induced.

iii). The induced emf, it is also called a back emf. Explain how come.

Answer : It is called a back emf because of the direction of the induced emf. As the current
increases with time, the magnetic field lines surrounding the wires pass through the loop
represented by the circuit itself. This magnetic field passing through the loop causes a magnetic
flux through the loop. This increasing flux creates an induced emf in the circuit. The direction
of the induced emf is such that it would cause an induced current in the loop (if the loop did
not already carry a current), which would establish a magnetic field opposing the change in the
original magnetic field. Therefore, the direction of the induced emf is opposite the direction of
the emf of the battery, which results in a gradual rather than instantaneous increase in the
current to its final equilibrium value.

iv). Could you draw the direction of induced 𝐵 ⃗ and induced current on the picture? Explain.

Answer :

After the switch is closed, the current produces a magnetic flux through the
area enclosed by the loop. As the current increase toward its equilibrium
value, this magnetic flux changes in time and induces an emf in the loop.
v). No inductor in the above circuit, but the circuit produces an inductance. Explain.

Answer : When the switch S is thrown closed, the battery (source emf) starts pushing electrons
around the circuit. Current i starts to rise (from 0 toward its equilibrium value), creating an
increasing magnetic flux B through the circuit. That is increasing flux creates an induced emf
in the circuit.

vi). What parameters affect the inductance of a coil?

Answer : The parameters that affect the inductance of the coil are the current and the time.

QUIZ 2

i). Inductor causes the circuit to be “sluggish” as it reacts to changes in the voltage. Explain.

Answer : The inductance results in a back emf. Therefore, the inductor in a circuit opposes
changes in current in that circuit. The inductor attempts to keep the current the same way it was
before the change occurred. The inductor can cause the circuit to be “sluggish” as it reacts to
changes in the voltage.

ii). Plot the current versus time when there is no inductor used.

Answer : When there is no inductor used, the current might increasing/decreasing

instantaneously because there is no inductor that opposes the increasing/decreasing.

iii). How the time dependence of the current occur when the switch S1 is thrown closed?
Explain.

Answer : After switch S1 is thrown closed at t=0, the current increases toward its maximum
value V/R. Current initially increases very rapidly and then gradually approaches the
equilibrium value V/R as t approaches infinity. The time rate of change of current is a
maximum at t=0, which is the instant at which switch S1 is thrown closed and falls off
exponentially to zero as approaches infinity.
iv). Is the opposing induced current increasing or decreasing when the switch S1 is thrown
closed? Explain.

Answer : When switch S1 is thrown closed, the current increases and an emf that opposes the
increasing current is induced in the inductor. Inductors store energy in the form of the magnetic
fields that are generated around them by the current passing through the wire. In other words,
if an increasing magnetic field induces an EMF, the resulting current will oppose a further
increase.

v). What would be the plot between current versus time when switch S2 thrown to b when the
inductor were not included? Explain.

Answer : When the switch S2 is thrown to position b, the battery is no longer part of the circuit
and the current decreases. Inductor opposes the decrease in the current and causes the current
to decrease exponentially. So when the inductor were not included, the current were
instantaneously decrease because there is no something like resistance that will opposes the
decreasing value of the current.

QUIZ 3

i). The magnetic field is zero outside the outer shell. Explain using Ampere’s Law.

Answer : The magnetic field is zero outside the outer shell because the net current passing
through the area enclosed by a circular path surrounding the cable is zero; hence, from
Ampere’s law, ∮ B . d 𝑠⃗ = 0.

𝜇 𝑖
0
ii). The magnetic field in the region between the conductors is B = 2𝜋𝑟 Explain how come.

Answer : The magnetic field in the region between the conductors is due to the inner conductor
alone and that its magnitude is B = 𝜇0 i/2𝜋r, where r is measured from the common center of
the cylinders.

QUIZ 4

i). Mutual inductance depends on the geometry of both circuits and on their orientation with
respect to each other. Explain. Which orientation gives a maximum mutual inductance?
Answer : As the circuit separation distance increase, the mutual inductance decrease because
the flux linking the circuit decrease. Maximum mutual inductance takes place when the planes
of the two loops are parallel.

ii). Does mutual inductance require the current varies with time? Explain.

Answer: Yes, it does. From Figure 32.8 above, if the current i2 varies with time, we see from
Faraday’s law and Equation 32.15 that the emf induced by coil in coil 2 is

𝑑Φ12 𝑑 𝑀12 𝑖1 𝑑𝑖1

ℇ2 = −𝑁2 = −𝑁2 ( ) = −𝑀12
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑁2 𝑑𝑡

In the preceding discussion, it was assumed the current is in coil 1. Let’s also imagine a current
i2 in coil 2. The preceding discussion can be repeated to show that there is a mutual inductance
M21. If the current i2 varies with time, the emf induced by 2 in coil 1 is

𝑑𝑖2
ℇ1 = −𝑀21
𝑑𝑡

iii). The mutual induction of the two coils is unaffected by the rate of change of magnetic flux
enclosed by the coils. (T/F) Explain.

Answer : False. Consider the two closely wound coils of wire shown in cross-sectional view in
Figure 32.8. The current i1 in coil 1, which has N1 turns, creates a magnetic field. Some of the
magnetic field lines pass through coil 2, which has N2 turns. The magnetic flux caused by the
current in coil 1 and passing through coil 2 is represented by Φ12 . As an emf is induced in a
coil as a result of a changing magnetic flux produced by a second coil.

iv). Compare between self-induction and mutual induction. Explain

Answer : Self-induction is the process of inducing emf in the coil due to the change of current
in the coil itself. The change in the magnetic flux in a coil may be due to the relative motion of
the coil and to the change of current in the coil itself.

Mutual induction is the process of inducing emf in the secondary coil by changing the magnetic
flux of the primary coil with the help of varying current through it. If two coils placed together,
then changing the current in one coil sets up a changing magnetic field in the other coil, so
induced an emf in the other coil.
QUIZ 5

i). What drive a current through an inductor if it is connected across a charged capacitor?

Answer : Current flows in the opposite direction from the capacitor.

ii). What happens to the voltage across the capacitor when the current is at maximum value?

Answer : When the current is at maximum value, the voltage across the capacitor is maximum
too.

QUIZ 6

1). Explain the plots at initial condition

Answer : when the graph at initial condition the charge q at maximum value but the current I
has zero value so the system will oscillates, because the charge on the capacitor oscillates
between the extreme values Q max and -Q max , and the current oscillates between I max and
-I max . That is, when the charge is a maximum, the current is zero, and when the charge is
zero, the current has its maximum value.

ii). The charge q and the current i are 90˚ out of phase with each other. Explain.

Answer: the current is 90˚ out of phase with the charge. That is, when the charge is a maximum,
the current is zero, and when the charge is zero, the current has its maximum value. That caused
the system oscillates

What happens to i when the capacitor is fully discharged? Answer: When the energy stored in
2
𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥
the capacitor has its maximum value , the energy stored in the inductor is zero. Because
2𝐶

that the energy of the LC circuit continuously oscillates between energy stored in the
capacitor’s electric field and energy stored in the inductor’s magnetic field.

iii).The sum of the two curves is a constant. Show by reading the plots.

2
𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥
Answer : as described in the graph can be known 𝑈𝑔 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡 and the𝑈𝐵 =
2𝐶
1 2
𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥 1
𝐿𝐼 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡 so the sum of two curves is 𝑈 = 𝑈𝑔 + 𝑈𝐵 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡 + 2 𝐿𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥
2
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡
2 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2𝐶

because the maximum energy stored in the capacitor (when I = 0) must equal the maximum
 2
𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥
energy stored in the inductor (when q = 0). This equality is expressed mathematically =
2𝐶
1 2
𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥 2
𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐿𝐼 2 and the so the equation is 𝑈 = (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡) = .
2 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2𝐶 2𝐶

1v). What happens in the circuit at t = ¾ T? Explain.

Answer : as shown in the graph can be known if the t = ¾ T . The UE has zero value because
at the graph when t = ¾ T the UE value is zero that is indicated at the graph on y axis is zero.
However the UB is at maximum value, because at the graph when t = ¾ T the UB value is at
maximum that is indicated at the graph on y axis is at highest point or in peak.

v). What happens in the circuit between t = 0 and t = ¼ T? Explain.

Answer : as shown the graph can be known the condition of UE at t = 0 and t = ¼ T has
decreased in value from the maximum value to zero. However the UB has increased in value
from zero value to the maximum value.