CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

The development of a student can be significantly influenced by

extracurricular activities. They give pupils chances to develop new skills,

meet friends, and have fun. By taking part in extracurricular activities,

students can also gain crucial life skills including teamwork,

communication, and leadership. There is more to students' lives than

memorizing physics formulas and concepts from textbooks. Both wisdom

and general knowledge are crucial. Students benefit from nonacademic

learning by becoming aware of what is going on in the outside world. Any

type of extracurricular activity helps kids' inquisitive minds and encourages

them to explore the world outside of their textbooks. Extracurricular

activities assist kids develop their social skills and as individuals, which is

their most significant advantage. In order to properly exercise their right to

free speech, kids need effective communication in their lives. The best

method to improve your communication skills and discover yourself is to

be interested in after-school activities. Knowing your strengths and flaws

allows you to improve on yourself. Additionally, it aids in boosting self-

assurance. Extracurricular activities are mainly intended to organize the

child's life outside of school hours as a complement to, rather than a

substitute for, schooling. Experience shows that such activities are most

effective when they are organized and directed in partnership with the

school (Brunswic and Valérien, 2004: 66)

A study from Child Trends and Urban Institute shows that students

who participate in ECA Nationally, 83% of all kids between the ages of 6

and 17 took part in at least one extracurricular activity, such as a club,

sport, or instruction. 73 percent of kids from low-income households

(those making under 200 percent of the poverty threshold) took part,

compared to 90 percent of kids from higher-income families, which is a

statistically significant difference. Extracurricular activities often cost

money to participate in some type of arranged "pay-to-play" fee. Whether

it is paying the school activity fee or paying for private lessons or trying to

further develop skills at summer camps, some families just are not

economically able to be involved with out-of-school activities. (Wilson

2009).

As we delve more into the topic of effect, it would be helpful to be

clearer about what effects means in this context. This research will

examine how extracurricular activities affect students' development as

students as well as their financial and emotional elements. The definition

and explanation of "the role of extracurricular activities to the studenthood

of a students" are the main goals of this study.

Statement of the problem

The purpose of this study is to identify the role of extracurricular

activities to the studenthood. Especially, these statements answer the

following questions.

General question:

1. How does extracurricular activities affects one’s academic

performance in school.

2. What are the effects of extracurricular activities in confidence

and socialization of a student.

Specific question:

1. What did students feel before and after joining extracurricular

activities.

2. What are the effects of extracurricular activities in parents

aspects to develop their children skills.

Significance of the Study

The following people are to be benefited:

Students

Students will be able to give their own outlook in participating in any

extracurricular activities. It can pursue any student to participate in this

kind of activities.

Teachers

Teachers will be able to know what applicable approach to maintain

a beneficial extracurricular activity for students and guide them in based of

their needs.

Parents

Parents will be able to know what to expect what benefits of

allowing their child to participate in any extracurricular activities.

Scope and Delimitation

This study will be conducted to identify the role of extracurricular

activities in honing one's studenthood.

The coverage of this study will focus on.

 Elaborating the effects of extracurricular activities in students

 To conduct the study of how students improve their academic

performances by joining extracurricular activities.

 To determine what is the different effects of extracurricular

activities in studenthood.

Definition of terms

Extracurricular - any activity that doesn't count towards an

academic credit. These are activities that students participate in

outside of class, such as activities in the arts, athletics, personal

commitments and so on.

Economically - a thrifty or frugal manner; with economy. as regards

the efficient use of income and wealth, economically feasible

proposals. as regards one's personal resources of money.

Socialization - is the process whereby an individual's standards,

skills, motives, attitudes, and behaviors change to conform to those

regarded as desirable and appropriate for his or her present and

future role in any particular society.

Studenthood - The state or quality of being a student

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1: Research Framework

This describes how extracurricular activities affects student,

with the box on the left as the independent variable and the right

ovals where the direction of the arrow points, is the dependent

variable. On the other hand, the arrow is the cause or the bridge

that indicates how extracurricular activities affects students.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Schools provide a unique venue for youth to participate in physical

activity, as they serve nearly 56 million youth (National Center for

Education Statistics, 2009). At the same time, schools face increasing

challenges in allocating time for physical education and other physical

activity opportunities during the school day. Many schools are attempting

to increase instructional time for mathematics, English, and science in an

effort to improve standards-based test scores (Wilkins et al., 2003). There

is a growing body of research focused on the association between school-

based physical activity, including physical education, and academic

performance among school-aged youth (Castelli et al., 2007, Sibley and

Etnier, 2003, Strong et al., 2005, Taras, 2005, Tomporowski et al., 2008,

Trost, 2007, Trudeau and Shephard, 2008, Trudeau and Shephard, 2010).

This developing literature suggests physical activity may have an impact

on academic performance through a variety of direct and indirect

physiological, cognitive, emotional, and learning mechanisms (Hillman et

al., 2005, Rosenbaum et al., 2001, Sibley and Etnier, 2003).

Catherine N. Rasberry a, Sarah M. Lee a, Leah Robin a, B.A. Laris b, Lisa

A. Russell b, Karin K. Coyle b, Allison J. Nihiser , 2011

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0091743511000557

We investigated the effect of participating in two domains of

extracurricular activities (sports and performance arts/clubs) in Grades 7

and 8 on Grade 9 academic motivation and letter grades, above baseline

performance. Participants were 483 students (55% male; 33% Euro-

American, 25% African American, and 39% Latino). Propensity score

weighting controlled for potential confounders in all analyses. Delayed

(Grade 8 only) and continuous participation (Grades 7 and 8) in sports

predicted competence beliefs and valuing education; delayed and

continuous participation in performance arts/clubs predicted teacher-rated

engagement and letter grades. Benefits of participation were similar

across gender and ethnicity; however, Latino youth were least likely to

participate in extracurricular activities. Implications for reducing ethnic and

income disparities in educational attainment are discussed. (Myung Hee

Im,2016)

Myung Hee Im , Jan N Hughes , Qian Cao , Oi-Man Kwok, 2016

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30381774/
 Extracurricular activities (ECA) are part of students' everyday life;

they play important roles in students' lives. Few studies have addressed

the question of how student engagements to ECA affect student's grade

point average (GPA). This research was conducted to know whether the

students' grade point average in King Abdulaziz University, Faisaliah

campus is affected by their participation in the ECA. This study also

studied the students' satisfaction on ECA. The study sample includes 239

students chosen via simple random sampling method. The study used

inferential statistics to analyze this study design. To achieve the purpose

of this study, a questionnaire (comprising 19 questions) was designed.

The results showed that participation in ECA affects the students' GPA in a

positive way. The study found that those who participated in ECA have

higher GPA than those who did not; the study also found that the time

spent participating in ECA did not affect the time students usually spend

on studying (the result showed there wasn't any relationship between

them). Furthermore, the study showed that students, based on faculty, are

generally satisfied with the available extracurricular activities in the

campus.

(Bakoban, R. A.; Aljarallah, S. A.,2015)

https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1080292
 Previous research on the relationship between academic outcomes

and participation in extracurricular activity has produced seemingly

contradictory results. These contradictions can be explained, in large part,

by differences in methodology and assumptions in theoretical

explanations. Using a more appropriate causal ordering and improved

selection controls, this research examines how participation in eight types

of extracurricular activities (athletics, cheerleading/pep club, church,

community, hobby/vocational, performance, subject matter, and the total

number of activities) during the sophomore year affects self-reported

grades and educational expectations two years later. The results show

very few causal effects of participation, even though participation in most

extracurricular activities is quite stable between the sophomore and senior

years. However, the grades a sophomore receives do seem to increase

participation in senior year extracurricular activities, especially in subject

matter clubs. These results suggest that (1) participation in extracurricular

activities does not improve grades or educational expectations, and (2)

getting better grades may lead to students participating in more

extracurricular activities.

H. David Hunt 2007

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/027321790947171
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This research foretells the role of extracurricular activities in honing

one’s studenthood it tends to explain on how students can improve their

academic performances in participating in such activities, this gives

importance to the other students as well to elaborate why such activities is

important to engage with.

Research Method

This research is a mixed method research can be also classified as

a quantitative type of research. Quantitative research is a structured way

of collecting and analyzing data obtained from different sources.

Quantitative research involves the use of computational, statistical, and

mathematical tools to derive results. It is conclusive in its purpose as it

tries to quantify the problem and understand how prevalent it is by looking

for projectable results to a larger population. Quantitative research is

typically looking to measure extent and looking for statistical results that

are interpreted objectively. This kind of research is unbiased in nature prior

to the data gathered on the study. On the other hand, qualitative research

was also established. Qualitative research is a process that seeks in depth

understanding of social phenomena of social setting. It focuses on the

“why” rather than “what” of social phenomenon and relies on the direct

experiences of human beings. The research conducted is quantitative

research it uses mathematical basis and in depth understanding of the

topic in order to come up with a better conclusion. At the same time,

research with statistical basis is more evident that the research conducted

was thoroughly conducted by the researchers to explain the problem or

topic being discussed.

Research Design

The role of extracurricular activities in honing one's studenthood.

Can be also classified as causal comparative type of study. In contrast,

causal comparative study seeks to identify the associations among

variable. The study is also classified as causal comparative, because it

involves two or more groups and one independent variable. As explained,

causal-comparative design is a research design that seeks to find

relationships between independent and dependent variables after an

action or event has already occurred. The researcher's goal is to

determine whether the independent variable affected the outcome, or

dependent variable, by comparing two or more groups of individuals.

And as told on research design, survey research is used in data gathering.

In survey research, the researcher selects a sample of respondents from a

population and administers a standardized questionnaire to them. The

questionnaire, or survey, can be a written document that is completed by

the person being surveyed. Questionnaire is the instrument or the data

gathering tool, that is used for this research, the answer of the

respondents will be the outcome of this study. The questionnaires are

administered by the researchers themselves; this was needed before

respondent so answers the questions. The researchers debrief the

respondents on what to do, and how important their cooperation for the

research that is conducted.

Sampling Method

Data gathering is essential, this is blood of research were if the

study is conducted without any process or investigations. The study will be

considered useless. Thus, all researchers seek a will provided answers

from the respondents. The respondents should also be enough to gather

the necessary in formations. This will be the outcome of a better

conclusion. The chosen sample size s enough to come up the information

needed. The number of respondents does not require a large population.

The respondents will provide the answers ample enough for the
researchers to discussed the study. Non probability sampling was used,

specifically purposive sampling. Purposive sampling was chosen as the

sampling method, to choose the respondents that will be the best

appropriate with the studies. Hence, the researchers seek for a nice

outcome. They choose the respondents that will answer the questionnaire

productively or usefully. The grade 12 was chosen as the respondents,

they are the appropriate research subject. Thus, what will be their opinion

and what do they feel knowing that research is a first time subject to

handle. Are they having a hard time or not?

Steps in Data Gathering

The role of extracurricular activities in honing one's studenthood

was given by the professor. To give notice and even importance to what

students feel in engaging with extracurricular activities. Furthermore, this

study will help them evaluate on what is the main cause of this activities.

And how are they going to improve their academic performance by using

it.

The survey research instrument was questionnaire. Where it is the

appropriate data gathering tool regardless of the topic. This was examined

by the researchers for them to further get the necessary information, in

compliance of a well- defined research. The data gathering was conducted

by the researchers among the third-year students. The questionnaire was

handed to the respondents by the researchers. The gathered data will be

analyzed and interpreted by the researchers. The results of the data

gathered will be the outcome of this research. Nevertheless, the answers

of the respondents were compiled as a proof that this research undergo

the necessary process that need to be undertaken.

Data Analysis

The research conducted used frequency table as the mathematical

technique in interpreting the gathered data. This tries to describe the role

of extracurricular activities in honing one's studenthood.

 CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The following chapter discussed about the result of the gathered

data. Where in, it is analyzed by using tables and graphs to further

elaborate the result of this study. This study is conducted at Bestlink

College of the Philippines Third year students and how the extracurricular

activities being role towards honing one’s studenthood.