Packing

Packing
‫الحشو‬
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Packing

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PACKING ‫الحشو‬
Packing is used in the Stuffing Box to Control
the Leakage of the Liquid Out,
or the Leakage of Air In,
where the Shaft passes through the Casing.

PACKING TYPES ‫انواع الحشو‬

1- Metallic: Lead, Babbit,
Aluminum and Copper
2- Flexible Graphite
3- Non-Asbestos
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Types of Mechanical Packings

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The 4 Types of Braided Packings are: the Square-Interbraid

Square-Plaited,
Braid-Over,
and Braid-Over-Core Types.
Of these, the the Square-Interbraid
and the Square-Plaited are the Most Popular.
The Definition of the Braid represents the Different Type
s of Machines on which the Packing Manufactured (Fig.).
The Basic Materials of Construction for these 4 Packings are:
Animal,
Vegetablen,
Mineral
and Various Synthetic Fibers.
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a. Braided
Basic Construction for Packing
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b. Metallic
Basic Construction for Packing
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Seal Ring Joints

a) Staggered Ring Joints b) Lantern Ring Location

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A Lantern Ring
Also called a Seal Cage
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Pump Packing Gland

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Stuffing Boxes
‫صناديق الحشو‬
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A conventional Stuffing Box with Throat Bushing

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A conventional Stuffing Box with Bottoming Ring

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How to Select
and Use Mechanical Packing
The Main Value of Packings is Fleibility of Application
and Ease of Installation into a Stuffing Box,
as shown in Fig. 1a.
Packings Also Avoid the Catastrphic Failure
Possible with Mechanical Seals.
Packings operate on the Principle of
controlled Leakage in Dynamic Applications.
They Never attempt to Totally Prevent Fluid
from Leaking from the Equipment.
They Allow a Controlled Amount of Leakage.
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Classes of Packings
Mechanical Packings can be duvided tnto 3 bread Classes:
Compression or Jam Type,
Automatic
and Floating Packing, Fig..

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Compression
Braided (Plastic, or Metalic).
Packing with or without Cores
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Automatic
V-Rings (as shown) Also, U-Cups,
Piston Cups, O-Rings,
and Quad Rings
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Floating
Spring-Loaded Piston Ring (as shown)
Also Floating Bushing,
Segmented Rod Packing,
and Hydraulic Seals
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Packing Sealing Mechanism

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Packing Sealing Mechanism

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A Water-Cooled Stuffing Box

with a Cored Water Passage cast in Casing
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Lubricant can be Liquid or Grease

Lantern Ring enables Lubrication
of Mechanical Packing
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Arrangement of the Lantern Ring

to meet Specific Services
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a. Negative-Suction Service
To Assure Fluid in Stuffing Box
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b. Slurry Service
Clean Liquid Flush to Lantern Ring
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C. Abrasive Service
Clean Liquid Flush to Lantern Ring
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INSTALLING CONTINUOUS COIL PACKING

1. Loosen and Remove the Gland from the Stuffing Box.

2. Using a Packing Puller,

begin to Remove the Old Packing Rings.
3. Remove the split Lantern Ring (if present) and
then continue removing the Packing with the Puller.
4. Check the Sleeve for Scoring and Nicks.
If the Shaft Sleeve or Shaft cannot be cleaned up,
it must be Replaced.
5. Wrap the Packing Tightly around a Mandrel,
which should be the Same Size as the Pump Shaft or Sleeve.
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6. Each Ring should be sealed individually

with the Split Ends Staggered 90°.
7. Allow Excess Leakage during Break-in to avoid
the possibility of rapid Expansion of the Packing,
which could Score the shaft sleeve or shaft
so that Leakage could Not be Controlled.
8. Leakage should be Generous upon Startup.
If the Packing begins to Overheat at Startup,
Stop the Pump
and Loosen the Packing until leakage is obtained.
Restart Only If the Packing is Leaking.
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NOTE
It is usually necessary to Allow some Leakage
to occur in order to Remove the Heat
that is generated by Friction
between the Packing
and the Shaft.
This Leakage may be only a Few Drops per minute,
but in a Chemical Pump this may be Unacceptable
due to the Value of the Product Lost
or the Safety Hazard it may create.

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Note:
Don’t Over Tight the Nuts from One Side,
this may lead to More Leakage.
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Packing Installation

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Lubricants for Packing

The Ideal Packing Lubricant should:
1. Provide Lubrication between the Packing and Shaft
in order to prevent Excess Wear,
Galling,
or Seizhng.
A Low Coefficient of Friction is Essential.
2. Act as a Interfiber Blocking Agent
in order to Prevent Excess Fluid from Escaping
Directly through the Stitches of the Packing.
3. Be Insoluble in the Fluid being pumped.

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4. Be Capable of Handling the Recommended

Operating Temperature of the Packing,
Except in the case of a “Secrificial” Lubrication,
which aids in the Break-in Process.
5. Have a Prolonged Shelf Life without Hardening
or Losing the Base Characteristics.
6. Be Compatible with the Fluid being pumped
and Not Contiminate it.
7. Not promote Galvanic or Electrolytic Corrosion.
The Service Recommendation Chart (Table II)
Summarizes Material and Lubricant Limits.

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Maximum Service Limits for Various Mechanical Packings

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1. Leakage Rate: 1 mL/min = 10 to 20 Drops/mi

2. Larger Number is Nonoxidizng Environment,
Smaller Number is Oxidizng Environment.
3. Assuming Rings are Die-Formed.
4. Temperature is Product Temperature,
Pressure is Stuffing-Box Pressure
Basic Data: 2-in. Shaft, 550 rpm,
Controlled Leakage for 120 h, Pumped Liquid is Water,
Assumes Maximum Δt of 100oF 150oF for Flax
due to their Friction,
Satisfactory Results can be expected
by using These Maximum Limits and
following FSA [Fluid Sealing Assn.] Test Proocedure # 1.
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A Water-Cooled Stuffing Box

with a Cored Water Passage Cast in Casing
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Packing

A Separate Water-Cooled Stuffing Box

ith Pressure-Reducing Stuffing Box Bushing
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Packing

Lubricant can be Liquid or Grease

Lantern Ring enables Lubrication of Mechanical Packing
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