1.

1 Functions
1.1 Functions
 1.1 Functions
EXAMPLE 1 Determine whether or not each correspondence is a
function.
1.1 Functions
1.1 Functions

DISTRIBUTION COST Suppose that the number of worker-hours

required to distribute new telephone books to 𝑥𝑥% of the households in
a certain rural community is given by the function
600𝑥𝑥
𝑊𝑊 𝑥𝑥 =
300 − 𝑥𝑥
a) What is the domain of the function 𝑊𝑊?
b) For what values of 𝑥𝑥 does 𝑊𝑊(𝑥𝑥) have a practical interpretation in
this context?
 1.1 Functions
Functions are often defined using more than one formula, where each
individual formula describes the function on a subset of the domain. A
function defined in this way is sometimes called a piecewise-defined
function. Such functions appear often in business, biology, and physics
applications.
1.1 Functions
1.1 Functions
1.1 Functions
1.1 Functions
1.1 Functions
1.1 Functions
1.2 The Graph of a Function
1.2 The Graph of a Function
1.2 The Graph of a Function

Sometimes it is necessary to determine when two functions are equal.

For instance, an economist may wish to compute the market price at
which the consumer demand for a commodity will be equal to supply.
Or a political analyst may wish to predict how long it will take for the
popularity of a certain challenger to reach that of the incumbent.
 1.2 The Graph of a Function

The points (if any) where a graph crosses the x axis are called x
intercepts, and similarly, a y intercept is a point where the graph
crosses the y axis.

a) 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 1 − 𝑥𝑥 2 b) 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 2 − 1
1.2 The Graph of a Function
1.3 Linear Functions
1.3 Linear Functions
1.3 Linear Functions
1.3 Linear Functions
1.3 Linear Functions
1.3 Linear Functions
 1.3 Linear Functions
Example Jade and her roommate Jari commute to work each morning,
traveling west on GP street. One morning Jade left for work at 6:50 am,
but Jari left 10 minutes later. Both drove at a constant speed. The graphs
show the distance (in miles) each of them has traveled on GP street, 𝑡𝑡
minutes after 7:00 am.
a) Use the graph to decide
which driver is traveling faster.
b) Find the speed (in mi/h) at
which each of them is driving.
c) Find linear functions 𝑓𝑓 and 𝑡𝑡
that model the distances
traveled by Jade and Jari as
functions of 𝑡𝑡 (in minutes).
Nonlinear Functions
Quadratic Functions
DEFINITION
Nonlinear Functions
Quadratic Functions
Nonlinear Functions
Polynomial Functions
DEFINITION
 Nonlinear Functions

Rational Functions
DEFINITION
Functions given by the quotient, or ratio, of two polynomials are
called rational functions.
The following are examples of rational functions:
 Nonlinear Functions

Absolute-Value Functions
EXAMPLE 8 Graph: f(x) = |x |
Nonlinear Functions

Square-Root Functions
EXAMPLE 9 Graph:
 Nonlinear Functions

Power Functions with Rational Exponents

EXAMPLE 13 Find the domain of the function given by
 Nonlinear Functions

Exponential functions/power/Logarithm functions

EXAMPLE

=y 5=
; y e=
x
; y log x;
x
= y ln x
4
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
1.4 Functional Models
 Practice
DISTANCE A truck is 300 miles due east of a car and is traveling
west at the constant speed of 30 miles per hour. Meanwhile, the
car is going north at the constant speed of 60 miles per hour.
Express the distance between the car and truck as a function of
time.

AIR TRAVEL Two jets bound for Los Angeles leave New York
30 minutes apart. The first travels at 550 miles per hour, while the
second travels at 650 miles per hour. At what time will the second
plane pass the first?
Practice
SUPPLY AND DEMAND Suppose it is known that producers
will supply 𝑥𝑥 units of a certain commodity to the market when
the price is 𝑝𝑝 = 𝑆𝑆(𝑥𝑥) dollars per unit and that the same number
of units will be demanded (bought) by consumers when the
price is 𝑝𝑝 = 𝐷𝐷(𝑥𝑥) dollars per unit, where
𝑆𝑆 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐷𝐷 𝑥𝑥 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 59
for constants 𝐴𝐴 and 𝐵𝐵. It is also known that no units will be
supplied until the unit price is $3 and that market equilibrium
occurs when 𝑥𝑥 = 7 units.
Use this information to find A and B and the equilibrium unit
price.
1.5 Limits
1.5 Limits

40
lim 25 + =?
𝑡𝑡→+∞ 𝑡𝑡 + 1
1.5 Limits
1.5 Limits
1.5 Limits
1.5 Limits
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
1.6 One-Sided Limits and Continuity
 Practice
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS In certain situations, it is necessary
to weigh the benefit of pursuing a certain goal against the cost of
achieving that goal. For instance, suppose that to remove 𝑥𝑥% of
the pollution from an oil spill, it costs 𝐶𝐶 thousands of dollars,
where
120𝑥𝑥
𝐶𝐶 𝑥𝑥 =
100 − 𝑥𝑥
a) How much does it cost to remove 25% of the pollution? 50%?
b) What happens as 𝑥𝑥 → 100− ? Is it possible to remove all the
pollution?