Lesson 6:

Fundamentals of
Writing
Mr. Merboy V. Pangilinan, M.A.
Learning Facilitator, UST Angelicum College
LET’S RECALL

Critical reading often involves

asking questions about the reading.

Critical Reading as Reasoning

LET’S RECALL
Context of Text Development

INTERTEXT

HYPERTEXT
LET’S RECALL
LET’S RECALL
KINDS OF PARAGRAPHS
Narrative
Descriptive
Expository
Argumentative
Persuasive
LET’S RECALL
KINDS OF TEXTS
Academic
Journalistic
Literary
Technical
LET’S RECALL
GETTING STARTED

ESSAY
VS.
PARAGRAPH
GETTING DEEPER
Reading and Writing Skills

Lesson 6
z

FUNDAMENTALS
OF WRITING
Principles of Effective Writing
Reading and Writing Skills

Objectives:

- Determine the properties of a

well-written text
- Identify the components and
structure of an effective essay
- Identify the cohesive and
coherent features of a text
- Identify the language and
mechanics used in texts
- Write an essay that reflects
properties of a well-written text
Reading and Writing Skills

OBJECTIVES
Identify Explain Apply Write

Identify the Explain the Apply the Write thesis

different importance strategies in statement,
stages in the of specifying generating topic
writing the purpose, and sentence,
process audience, organizing and
persona, ideas supporting
formality, details
level, and effectively
output before
writing a
paper
Reading and Writing Skills
Reading and Writing Skills
Reading and Writing Skills
Reading and Writing Skills
Reading and Writing Skills
Reading and Writing Skills
Reading and Writing Skills

Unity
Coherence
Properties of a
Well-Written Cohesion
Text: Organization
Language Use
Mechanics
CLASS PARTICIPATION
Arrange the following items in the correct
sequence
z of the writing process:
T
A. OUTLINING
R B. REVISING
Y C. FOCUSING ON A TOPIC
D. PUBLISHING
T E. GENERATING IDEAS
H F. FEEDBACK
I G. PREPARATION
S H. EDITING
I. MODELING
J. DRAFTING
Activity 5 (20 pts.)
Fundamentals of Writing
A. Read the given statements
very carefully. Type Y if the
statement indicates a property
of a well-written text; type N if it
does not.
B. Arrange the given statements
in the correct sequence of the
writing process.
Reading and Writing Skills

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Reading and Writing Skills

z
Reading and Writing Skills

z
Reading and Writing Skills

z High school seniors

become more responsible
because of joining the
Reserved Officers Training
Corps program.

High school seniors who

join the Reserved
Officers Training Corps
program develop better
leadership skills because
of the discipline instilled
in them by the program.
Reading and Writing Skills

z
Guidelines in Writing
Thesis Statements:

• Avoid making overly

opinionated stands
Avoid

• Avoid making
announcements
Avoid

• Avoid stating only

facts
Avoid
Reading and Writing Skills

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Guidelines in Writing
Thesis Statements:

• Avoid making overly

opinionated stands
Avoid

The officers of the Reserved

Officers Training Corps are
merciless slave drivers who
abuse their fellow students.

The officers of the Reserved

Officers Training Corps should
exercise more responsibility
toward their authority by being
sensitive to how they lead
their fellow students.
Reading and Writing Skills

z
Guidelines in Writing
Thesis Statements:

• Avoid making
announcements
Avoid

In this essay, I will be

discussing the benefits
of joining the Reserved
Officers Training Corps.
Reading and Writing Skills

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Guidelines in Writing
Thesis Statements:

• Avoid stating
Avoid only facts

The Reserved Officers

Training Corps is a
program that prepares
students to serve in the
military.
Reading and Writing Skills

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High school seniors
who join the Reserved
Officers Training Corps
program develop better
leadership because of
the discipline instilled in
them by the program.

Both the Reserved Officers

Training Corps Program and
the Student Council develop
leadership skills in students,
but are different because of
the kind of activities students
are provided.
Reading and Writing Skills

z
Tagaytay City
Why is Tagaytay City considered
an enthralling city of the South?
- beautiful landscape
- amazing people
- sumptuous food
Reading and Writing Skills

THESIS STATEMENT

Tagaytay City is an enthralling city

of the South because of its
beautiful landscape, amazing
people, and sumptuous food.
Reading and Writing Skills

beautiful amazing sumptuous

landscape people food

TOPIC SENTENCES
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Reading and Writing Skills

TOPIC SENTENCES:
1. Tagaytay attracts tourists with its beautiful landscape.
2. The warmth of the city’s amazing people is another
reason why Tagaytay is enthralling.
3. People go back to Tagaytay for its sumptuous food.
Reading and Writing Skills

z THESIS STATEMENT

TOPIC SENTENCES
beautiful amazing sumptuous
landscape people food

SUPPORTING DETAILS
Reading and Writing Skills

z
Reading and Writing Skills

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WRAP-UP
§ The thesis statement,
topic sentence, and
supporting details are
highly interconnected
parts of an essay.
§ The thesis statement
controls the flow and
content of an essay.
QUIZ 3 (20 pts.)
Fundamentals of Writing
A. Identify the stage in the writing
process being described in each
statement. Type your answers on
the space provided.
B. Fill in the blanks. Type the
correct word on the space provided
to complete each statement.
Choose your answers from the
given options.
References
• Barrot, J. (2020). Academic reading and writing
for senior high school. C&E Publishing, Inc.
• Cidro, M. (2016). Reading and writing skills senior
high school. Phoenix Publishing House.
• Estacio, M. (2016). Developing reading and
writing skills. Phoenix Publishing House.
• Tandoc, S. (2016). Reading and writing skills.
Mindshapers Co. Inc.
• Tiongson, M. & Rodriguez, M. (2019). Reading
and writing skills. Rex Book Store.