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  • Fungi

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    Sean Kerby Palima
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    The document summarizes the kingdom of fungi. It describes their evolution from Opisthokonts around 460 million years ago. Fungi exhibit a variety of forms including unicellular, multicellular, filamentous hyphae and fruiting bodies. They are classified into phyla based on their body type and key features. Major phyla include Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Fungi play important roles in ecosystems through symbiosis, decay, and communication between organisms, and also impact society through medicine, food, and biofuels.

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    The document summarizes the kingdom of fungi. It describes their evolution from Opisthokonts around 460 million years ago. Fungi exhibit a variety of forms including unicellular, multicellular, filamentous hyphae and fruiting bodies. They are classified into phyla based on their body type and key features. Major phyla include Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Fungi play important roles in ecosystems through symbiosis, decay, and communication between organisms, and also impact society through medicine, food, and biofuels.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    5 views29 pages

    Fungi

    Uploaded by

    Sean Kerby Palima
    The document summarizes the kingdom of fungi. It describes their evolution from Opisthokonts around 460 million years ago. Fungi exhibit a variety of forms including unicellular, multicellular, filamentous hyphae and fruiting bodies. They are classified into phyla based on their body type and key features. Major phyla include Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Fungi play important roles in ecosystems through symbiosis, decay, and communication between organisms, and also impact society through medicine, food, and biofuels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 29

    The Fungi

    Evolution of the Kingdom


    • lineages came from
    Opisthokonts
    • closely related to nucleariids
    • appeared in strata 460 M
    years ago
    • form symbiotic association
    crucial to land plants
    Characteristics
    • unicellular, multicellular, eukaryotic
    • filamentous (hyphamycelium)
    • sclerotium (hardened myceliumdormant
    • mycelial cords, rhizomorph, fruiting body
    • microscopic, macroscopic
    • cell wall with chitin (most)
    • food storage- lipid/glycogen
    • haplontic life cycle
    Mode of nutrition
    Lichens
    Fungal Phyla
    Phylum Body Type Key feature
    (Division)
    Chytridiomycota one to several motile spores propelled by flagella; usually
    cells asexual

    Zygomycota hyphal sexual stage in which a resistant zygospore


    forms for germination

    Glomeromycota hyphal hyphae associated with plant roots, forming


    arbuscular mycorrhizae

    Ascomycota hyphal sexual spores produced in sacs called ascus

    Basidiomycota Hyphal sexual spores form in basidia of a prominent


    fruiting body
    Division Chytridiomycota

    • only fungal group that produce spores


    propelled by flagella
    • microscopic, aquatic
    • reproduction: both sexual/ asexual
    • exhibit alternation of generation
    • obligate intracellular parasites
    • disease causing fungus in aquatic
    organisms
    Ex. Chytriomyces
    Batrachochytrium
    Division Zygomycota

    • fungi that reproduce


    sexually- zygospore
    • mostly saprophytic
    • aseptated hypha
    • mycelia (+, - mating
    type) > gametangium
    Division Glomeromycota
    • specialized to form
    associations with
    plant roots-
    mycorrhiza
    • reproduce asexually
    (spore) at hyphal tip
    • hyphae secrete
    enzymes to roots
    Division Ascomycota
    • include approx. 45, 000 species that
    produce ascus (thus, sac fungi)
    • micro/macroscopic
    • some are plant-disease causing
    • some medical importance
    • fruiting body- ascocarp
    • uni/multicellular, septated hypha
    • reproduction: sexual/asexual
    Division Basidiomycota
    • club fungi (mushroom-
    forming species)
    • mostly macroscopic
    • saprophytic
    • fruiting body- basidiocarp
    • septated hyphae
    • agents of decay
    Impacts of fungi to ecosystems and society

    • agents of decay and disease


    • symbiosis
    • fungi-fungi-plant communication
    • medicine
    • food
    • biofuel (alcohol)

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