St Joseph’s College – Colombo 10

Negombo Branch

m<uq jdr we.hSu

13 fY%aKh
s ridhk úoHdj ld,h ( meh 3 úkdä 10

ridhk úoHdj - II fldgi

 m%Yak m;%h lshùug" m%Yak f;dard .ekSug iy ms<s;=re oSfïoS Tn m%uqL;ajh fok m%Yak
;SrKh lsÍug wu;r lshùfï ld,h Ndú;d lrkak'
 wdj¾;s;d j.=jla ,ndfokq we;'
 .Kl hka;% Ndú;d lsÍug wjir ke;'
 id¾j;% jdhq ksh;h 𝑅 = 8.314 𝐽𝐾 −1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1
 wej.dâfrda ksh;h 𝑁𝐴 = 6.022 × 1023 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1

A fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd fldgi

 m%Yak m;%fha we;s ish¨u m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re imhkak'

 tla tla m%Yak i|yd ,nd oS we;s bfvys Tfí ms<s;=r ,shkak' ms<s;=r i|yd ,nd oS we;s
bv m%udKj;a nj;a" mq¨,a ms<s;=re n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjk nj;a lreKdfjka i,lkak'

B fldgi iy C fldgi - rpkh

 tla fldgilska m%Yak folla f;dard f.k m%Yak y;rlg ms<s;=re imhkak fï i|yd
imhk ,o lvodis Ndú;d lrkak'
 fuu m%Yak m;%h i|yd fjka lr we;s ld,h wjidkfhaoS A,B,C hk fldgia ;=fka
ms<s;=re A fldgi by<ska we;s fia .eg .id tajd wëlaIljrhdg Ndr fokak'
 Tng m%Yak m;%fha B iy C fldgi muKla úNd. Yd,dfjka msg;g f.k hdug wjir
we;'

CHEMISTRY I 1
mÍlaIlf.a Ndú;h i|yd muKs'
fldgi m%Yak wxl ,l=Kq
A 1
2
3
4
B 5
6
7
C 8
9
10
uq¨ ,l=Kq
m%;sY;h

wjidk ,l=Kq

b,lalfuka
wl=ßka

CHEMISTRY I 2
 A fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd fldgi
 fuu m%Yak m;%fhau m%Yak y;rgu ms<s;=re imhkak'
^iEu m%Yakhlgu ,l=Kq 10 ne.ska we;'&

1. my; m%ldY i;H o wi;H o hkak i|yka lrkak'

(a)
i. fya,hsâ whk j, O%ejKYS,;djh whkh úYd, ùu;a iu`. jeä
fõ' ……………….
ii. O − N − O ys nkaOk fldaKh 𝑁𝑂2 g jvd jeäfõ' ……………….
iii. 𝐶𝐶𝑙4 wKq w;r ,kavka n, 𝑆𝑂3 wKq w;r ,kavka úirK n, j,g
jvd l=vd fõ' ……………….
iv. 𝐻𝑆𝑂4− whkfha yevh ;%sfldaKdldr oaù msróãh fõ' ……………….
v. mrudKqjl ish¨u 3𝑑 mrudKql ldlaIsl lafjdkagï wxl ^ 𝑛, 1, 𝑚𝑙 &
3"2"1 u`.ska ksrEmKh flf¾' ……………….
vi. jdhquh fmdiamria mrudKqjlg bf,lafg%dakhla tl;= lsÍu ;dmodhl
l%shdj,shla jk w;r jdhquh khsgc
% ka mrudKqjla i|yd th ;dm ……………….
wjfYdaIl fõ'

(b)

i. 𝑆𝐹3 𝑁 wKqj i|yd jvd;au ms<s.; yels ¨úia jHqyh woskak'

ii. 𝐶3 𝑂2 ^Carbon Suboxide) wKqj i|yd jvd;a iqÿiq ¨úia jHqyh my; oelafõ' fuu wKqj
i|yd ;j;a ¨úia jHqy folla ^Resonance Structures) woskak'
^igyka ( wIagl rS;sh W,a,x>kh lr wosk ¨úia jHqyhka i|yd ,l=Kq m%odkh
fkdflf¾&'
𝑂=𝐶=𝐶=𝐶=𝑂

CHEMISTRY I 3
iii. my; olajd we;s ¨úia jHqyh u; mokïj" my; j.=fõ olajd we;s 𝐶, 𝑁 iy 𝑃 mrudKq
iïnkaOfhka my; i|yka foa i|yka lrkak'
i. mrudKqj jgd 𝑉𝑆𝐸𝑃𝑅 hq.,
ii. mrudKqj jgd bf,lafg%dak hq., cHdñ;sh'
iii. mrudKqj jgd yevh
iv. mrudKqfõ uqyï q lrKh

C1 N2 C3 P4
VSEPR hq.,
bf,lafg%dak hq., cHdñ;sh'
yevh
uqyqïlrKh

iv. III fldgfia olajd we;s ¨úia jHqyfha my; 𝜋 nkaOk ^mhs nkaOk& iEoSug iïnkaO
jk mrudKql$ uqyqka ldlaIsl y÷kd .kak' ^ mrudKql ixLHdj III fldgfia mßos fõ'&

i. F – C1 F………………….. C1………………………….
ii. C1- N2 C1………………… N2………………………….
iii. N2 - C 3 N2………………….. C3 …………………………..
iv. C3- P4 C3…………………… P4…………………………..
v. P4- Cl P4 …………………… Cl …………………………..

v. by; IV jk fldgfia olajd we;s ¨úia jHqyfha my; 𝜋 ^mhs nkaOk& iEoSug iïnkaO
mrudKql ldlaIsl y÷kd .kak; ^mrudKql wxlkh lsÍu IV jk fldgfia mßos fõ'&

I. N2- C3 N2…………… C3……………

II. C3- P4 C3 ……………… P4………………

(c) jryka ;=< olajd we;s .=Kfhys jeä jk wkqms<sfj,g my; i|yka foa ilikak'
^fya;= wjYH fkdfõ'&

I. B, Na, P, Be, N ( m<uq whkSlrK Yla;sh)

…………………<…………………….<………………………<…………………

II. 𝑁𝐻3 , 𝑁𝑂𝐶𝑙, 𝑁𝑂2 𝐶𝑙, 𝑁𝐻4+ , 𝐹3 𝐶 − 𝑁𝐶 (𝑁 ys úoHq;a iDK;dj)

……………<…………….<……………<……………<……………<……………

CHEMISTRY I 4
III. mrudKqjl bf,lafg%dak lafjdkagï ixLHd ^𝑛, 𝑙, 𝑚𝑙 , 𝑚𝑠 )
(3,1,0,-1/2) , ( 3,0 ,0 ,+1/2) ,( 2,0,0,+1/2), ( 2,1,+1, +1/2),( 3,2,-1, +1/2) ( bf,lafg%dak
Yla;sh)

……………<…………….<……………<……………<……………

2. wdj¾;s;d j.=fõ wkqms<sfj,ska X,Yiy Z wkqhd; uQ,øjH w;r" Y uQ,øjHfha m<uq

uQ,øjH j, whkSlrK Yla;Ska 𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1 ys my; mßos ,nd oS we;' ^whkSlrK Yla;Ska
wkqms<sfjf,ys olajd we;'&

wxlh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
whkSlrK 1310 3390 5320 7450 11000 13300 71000 84100
Yla;sh
𝒌𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏

I. Y wh;a jkafka l=uk wdj¾;hg o@

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

II. Y uQ,øjHfha bf,lafg%dksl úkHdih ,shkak'

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

III. Y hkq iïu; mSvkh iy WIaK;ajh hgf;a jdhqjls ' Y y÷kd.kak'

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

IV. by; uQ,øjH ;=fka m<uq whkSlrKfha wdfrdayK wkqms<sfj, i|yka lrkak' Tfí
ms<s;=r idOdrKSlrKh lrkak'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

V. jryka ;=< ,ndoS we;s .=Kh jeäjk ms<sfj, wkqj my; úfYaIhka ilikak'

a) 𝑅𝑏, 𝑁𝑎, 𝐿𝑖, 𝐾, 𝐶𝑠 ^øjdxlh&

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) 𝐴𝑙, 𝑂, 𝑃, 𝐶𝑎, 𝐶 ^mrudKql wrh&

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) 𝐻2 𝑆, 𝐻2 𝑂, 𝐻2 𝑆𝑒 ^nkaOk fldaKh&
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂2 , 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 , 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 , 𝐻𝑂𝐶𝑙 ^𝐶𝑙 ys TlaislrK wxlh&

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) 𝐴𝑙, 𝐹, 𝑁, 𝑂, 𝑁𝑎 ^m<uq whkSlrK Yla;sh&

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHEMISTRY I 5
VI. my; olajd we;s m%ldYhka meyeos,s lrkak'
a) 𝐶𝐻3 Br ys ;dmdxlh 3650 𝐶 kuq;a 𝐶𝐵𝑟4 ys ;dmdxlh 189.50 𝐶 fõ'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) 𝐵𝑒𝐶𝑙2 , 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑙2 , 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 iy 𝑆𝑟𝐶𝑙2 ys ;dm úfhdack WIaK;ajh 4150C , 7140C,

7720C ,8740C mßos fõ'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.
a) wdj¾;s;d j.=fõ ;=kajk wdj¾;fha m<uq uQ,øjH y; i,ld n,kak'
I. my; .=Kdxl fmkajk uQ, øjH j, ixfla; y÷kdf.k ,shkak'
A. by<u fojk whkSlrK Yla;sh' …………………………………………
B. by<u øjdxlh …………………………………………
C. WNh.+KS …………………………………………

II. by<u uQ< øjH j,ska by<u iy wvqu úoHq;a iDK;d we;s uQ, øjH j, m%;l
s %shd j,ska
iEfok ixfhda.fha ridhksl iQ;%h ,shkak'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

III. (II) by; ixfhda. b;d by< øjdxlhla we;af;a ukaoehs fláfhka meyeos,s lrkak'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) 𝑁𝑂 iy 𝑁𝑂2 hkq tla tla 𝑁 u; hq., fkdl< bf,lafg%dakhla wvx.= khsg%cka j,

úhq.au bf,lafg%dak iys; ixfhda. fõ'

I. 𝑁𝑂 yd 𝑁𝑂2 i|yd jvd;au ms<s.; yels ¨úia jHqyhka w|skak'

II. 𝑁𝑂 yd 𝑁𝑂2 tlsfkl m%;l

s %shd lrk úg iEfok ixfhda.fha ridhksl iQ;%h
iy 𝐼𝑈𝑃𝐴𝐶 ku ,shkak'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

III. by; (II) ys we;s ixfhda. ;;ajh i|yd jvd;a ms<s.; yels ¨úia jHqyh w|skak'

CHEMISTRY I 6
 IV. by; (III) ys we;s ixfhda.h yd iïnkaO iïm%hqla; jHqyhka w|skak'

V. by; (II) ys we;s ixfhda.fha wKqjl we;s ÿ¾j,u nkaOkh l=ula o@ Tfí
f;aÍug fya;=j i|yka lrkak'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

VI. by; (II) ys we;s ixfhda.h jeä WIaK;ajlg r;a l<fyd;a l=ula isÿfõoehs Tn
wfmalaId lrkafkao@
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

VII. by; fldgfia (IV) jHqyfha 𝑁1 iy 𝑁2 mrudKq fol f,an,a lr my; j.=j
iïmQ¾K lrkak'
𝑁1 𝑁2
uqyqïlrKh
bf,lafg%dak hq., cHdñ;sh'
mrudKqj jgd yevh
TlaislrK wxlh

c) jryka ;=< olajd we;s mßos .=Kfhys wdfrdayK wkqms<sfj,g my; (I) – (V) ilikak'

I. 𝐾2 𝐶𝑂3 , 𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑂3 , 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 , 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑂3 ( úfhdack WIaK;ajh)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

II. 𝐻2 𝐶𝑂3 , 𝐶𝑂, 𝐶𝑂2 , 𝐶𝑂𝐶𝑙2 ( C ys úoHq;a iDK;dj)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

III. 𝑁𝑂2− , 𝑁𝑂3− , 𝑁𝑂+ , 𝑁𝑂𝐹 ( N-O nkaOk os.)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHEMISTRY I 7
 –
IV. 𝑀(𝑔) + 𝑒 → 𝑀(𝑔) l%shdj,sfhaoS uqod yßk ,o Yla;sh M hkq ^𝐶, 𝐹, 𝑀𝑔, 𝐶𝑙&

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

V. 𝐶3 𝐻7 𝑂𝐻, 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 , 𝐶2 𝐻5 𝐶𝐻𝑂, 𝐶2 𝐻5 𝑂𝐶𝐻3 (𝑆𝑇𝑃 ys ix;Dma; jdIam

mSvkh&
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. (A)
I. Na2 C2 O4 zm%d:ñl iïu;hlZ f,i ie,fla'
a) m%d:ñl iïu;hl m%Odk ,laIK folla i|yka lrkak'
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) 0.1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑑𝑚−3 jk 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 250𝑐𝑚3 yd 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 l=vq Ndú;fhka ielish hq;=h'

I. by; ødjKh ilia lsßu wjYH ùÿre NdKav iy WmlrK my; olajd we;s
,ehsia;=j háka bß woskak'

a) isjqo`vq ;=,dj

b) 250𝑐𝑚3 mßudñ;sl ma,dial=j

c) 250𝑐𝑚3 wkqudmd ma,dial=j

d) ùÿre ;eáh

e) fojqï fnda;,h

f) 250𝑐𝑚3 ñkqï is,skavrh

g) ìhqfrÜgqj

^igyk ( tla tla jeros f;aÍu i|yd ,l=Kq wvq lrkq ,efí&

by; ødjKh ilia lsÍug wjYH msßisÿ 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 ys ialkaOh .Kkh lrkak'
(𝑁𝑎 − 23, 𝐶 − 12, 𝑂 − 16)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHEMISTRY I 8
(B) A fldgiska ilia lrk ,o 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 Ndú;d lrñka 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 ødjKhl idkaøKh
;SrKh lsÍu i|yd Ndú;d lrk mÍlaIK l%shd mámdáh my; oelafõ'

 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 ødjKfha 25.00𝑐𝑚3 ;kql 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4iu`. wdï,sl lr WKqiqï lrk ,os'

miqj th ,ndoS we;s 𝐾2 𝑀𝑛𝑂4 iu`. wkqudmkh lrk ,os'

I. my; tla tla úi÷u uekSug Ndú;d l< hq;= ùÿre NdKav $ WmlrK i|yka
lrkak'

A. ;kql 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 ødjKh ( '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

B. 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶2 𝑂4 ødjlh ( '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

C. 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 ødjKh ( '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

II. wka; ,laIHfha j¾Kh fjkia ùu l=ulao @

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

CHEMISTRY I 9