Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

Division of Pagadian
Pagadian City
CURRICULUM and INSTRUCTION DIVISION

LESSON EXEMPLAR
Grade 10 – Math

Content Standard: Performance Standard:

The learner demonstrates The learner is able to use precise
understanding of key concepts of counting technique and probability in
combinatorics and probability. formulating conclusions and making
decisions.

I. LEARNING COMPETENCIES
M10SP-IIIc-1 : Illustrates the combination of objects
M10SP-IIId-1 : Derives the formula for finding the number of combinations of
n objects taken r at a time
Objectives:
a.) Define combination of objects.
b.) Determine the number of ways a combination may occur.
d.) Value the importance of combinations in daily life.
(NOTE: The teacher does not follow the sequence of tasks in TGs and LMs. She
modifies the tasks and puts them at the right mix.)

II. LEARNING CONTENT

Lesson: Combinations

Materials:
1. Laptop
2. Pocket Wi-Fi
3. Woksheets

Quarter: Third Week/s: Third

Page/s: (TM) pp.259-265 (LM) pp. 301 – 316 (selected & modified tasks)

References:
1. K to 12 Curriculum Guide (May 2016)
2. Mathematics Learner’s Module Grade 10
3. Online References

III. LEARNING ACTIVITIES(Good for 1 hour)

PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES (5 minutes)

a. Prayer, Checking of Attendance

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 b. Review
Find the missing number.
1. 36 ÷ 3 = 3 × __ (Possible answer: 12)
÷
2. 640 8 = __ 8 × (Possible answer: 80)
3. 19 + 8 = __ × 9 (Possible answer: 3)
÷
4. 120 4 = __ 5 × (Possible answer: 6)
5. 4 ×4 × 3 = 24 × __ (Possible answer: 2)
c. Motivation

TASK 1: Getting Ready (5 minutes)

The teacher presents an illustration on the board and asks the students one
process question.

How many triangles can be found in the diagram?

Possible Answer: 35

o ACTIVITY

TASK 2: Systematic Listing Strategy (5 minutes)

Apply systematic listing strategy to find the number of combinations.

Find the missing items.

What are missing in all What are missing in all

possible arrangements of possible arrangements of
the letters A, B and C? the numbers 1, 2 and 3?

ABC ___
ACB ___
BAC 213
BCA 231
___ 312
___ 321

Possible Answer: CAB and CBA Possible Answer: 123 and 132

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 What would come next in What would come next in
the system comprises of this system comprises of
four letters below? four numbers below?

ABCD BACD ______ DABC 1234 ______ ______ 4123

ABDC BADC ______ DACB ______ 2143 ______ ______
ACBD ______ CBAD DBAC 1324 ______ 3214 4213
ACDB ______ CBDA DBCA 1342 ______ 3241 ______
ADBC BDAC CDAB ______ ______ 2413 3412 ______
ADCB BDCA CDBA ______ ______ 2431 ______ 4321
Possible Answer: BCAD and BCDA Possible Answer: 1243, 1423 and 1432
CABD and CADB 2134, 2314 and 2341
DCAB and DCBA 3124, 3142 and 3421
4132, 4231 and 4312

o ANALYSIS

TASK 3: Get Smart…(5 minutes)

Read the problem carefully and provide a step-by-step solution to the problem.

Problem
Winnie is playing a game at the fair using a 3-part spinner
labeled 1, 2 and 3. If her total for two spins is greater than 4, she
wins a prize. Show all the possible outcomes of the two spins
and find the ways that Winnie can win a prize.

UNDERSTAND

 What are you asked to find?

Possible Answer:

 What information will you use?

Possible Answer:
PLAN

 What strategy can you use to solve the problem?

Possible Answer: Make an organized list.

SOLVE

 How can you use the strategy to solve the problem?

Possible Answer: Make a list of the 9 possible outcomes.

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 Three outcomes have a total greater than 4.

Possible Outcomes

1, 1 2, 1 3, 1
1, 2 2, 2 3, 2
1, 3 2, 3 3, 3

So, she can win a prize if her spins are 2,3 ; 3, 2 ; or 3, 3.

CHECK

 What other strategy could you use?

Possible Answer: Tree Diagram

o ABSTRACTION

TASK 4: Developing Skills (10 minutes)

When you choose two students from the class in a particular order, you are
creating a permutation. However, you can also choose students without considering
the order. A selection of items chosen from a group in which order is not important is
called a combination.

Definition
Combination
A combination is a selection made from a group of items without
considering the order.

The number of combinations of 2 items chosen from a group of n items is

given by the formula

n(n−1) 3(3−1) 3∙ 2
C =
n 2 . C =
3 2 = =3
2! 2! 2∙ 1

4 (4−1) 4 ∙ 3
C =
4 2 = =6
2! 2 ∙1

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 5(5−1) 5∙ 4
C =
5 2 = = 10
2! 2 ∙1

6(6−1) 6 ∙5
C =
6 2 = = 15
2! 2 ∙1

7(7−1) 7 ∙6
C =
7 2 = = 21
2! 2 ∙1

The number of combinations of 3 items chosen from a group of n items is

given by the formula:

n(n−1)( n−2)
n 3 C =
3!

In general,

Formula
The number of combinations of n things taken r at a time is given by

n!
C = ( n−r ) ! r !
n r

Example:

Find the total number of diagonals that can be drawn in a hexagon.

Solution:
Each diagonal has two endpoints.
Suppose one has endpoints A and C. Since
AC and CA are the same, order is not important.
The combination of 6 points taken 2 at anytime
Gives the total number of segments connecting
any two points.

6! 6 ∙5 ∙ 4 ! 30
6 C 2= = = = 15
( 6−2 ) ! 2 ! 4 ! 2! 2∙ 1

However, 15 is not the answer because six of the segments connecting the
points are sides of the hexagon. Subtract 6 from 15, the total number of
combinations. Thus, the total number of diagonals in an hexagon is 15 – 6 or 9.

TRY THIS
(5 minutes)

Solve the problem.

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 Bethie will choose a frozen yogurt flavor and a topping for her sundae. She can
choose lemon, vanilla, or peach yogurt and cherry or nut topping. How many
different sundaes can Bethie make? List the different sundaes.

(Possible answer: So, Bethie can make 6 different sundaes.)

o APPLICATION TASK 5: Let’s Discover! (15 minutes)

Divide the class into six groups. Provide each group with situations and
perform the following activity using any 4 different fruits (mango, guava, banana,
avocado, or any fruits available in your place). Follow all instructions and write all
your answers on a clean sheet of paper. Then, complete the table and answer the
questions that follow.

A. Get 2 fruits (ex. Mango and banana).

1. a. Select a fruit 1 piece at a time. Do all possible selections.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection you made.
Example:
mango 2 ways
banana

c. Count the number of different selections you have made.

2. a. Select the fruits 2 pieces at a time.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of different selections you have made.

B. Get 3 fruits
1. a. Select a fruit 1 piece at a time. Do all possible selections.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of different selections you have made when using 1
object at a time from the 3 given fruits.
2. a. Select 2 fruits at a time.
b.Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of selections you have made, using 2 objects at a time
from the 3 given fruits.
3. a. Select 3 fruits at a time.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of selections you have made, using all the 3 fruits at a
time.

C. Get 4 fruits
1. a. Select a fruit 1 piece at a time. Do all possible selections.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of different selections you have made when using 1
object at a time from the 4 given fruits.

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 2. a. Select 2 fruits at a time.
b.Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of selections you have made, using 2 objects at a time
from the 3 given fruits.
3. a. Select 3 fruits at a time.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of selections you have made, using all the 3 fruits at a
time.
4. a. Continue the process until you select 4 fruits at a time.
b. Illustrate or describe each selection.
c. Count the number of selections you have made, using all the 4 fruits at a
time.

Possible answer:

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IV. ASSESSMENT (10 minutes)

Directions: Circle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is an example of choosing a subset of a set?

a. Combination b. Permutation c. Probability d. Sequence
2. Which of the following tasks/activities involves combination?
I. A classroom sitting chart
II. Finding the diagonals of a polygon
III. 15 books in a library shelf
IV. A six-person committee from your math class
a. I and II b. I and IV c. II and III d. II and IV
3. How many ways can a coach choose three swimmers from among five swimmers?
a. 5 b. 10 c. 12 d. 20
4. Which of the following situations does NOT illustrate combination?
I. Four people posing for pictures
II. Choosing a class president, vice president and a secretary
III. Forming a committee of 5 members from 20 people
IV. Choosing three of your classmates to attend your party
a. I and II b. I and IV c. II and III d. II and IV
5. Determine the number of combinations in the letters A, B, and C.
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12
6. How many combinations of letters are formed in the word READ?
a. 6 b. 12 c. 18 d. 24
7. Winnie is playing a game at the fair using a 3-part spinner labeled 1, 2 and 3. If her total
for two spins is greater than 4, she wins a prize. What are the possible outcomes of the
two spins?
a. 1, 1 ; 2, 2 ; 3, 3 b. 2,3; 3,2 ; or 3,3 c. 1, 3 ; 3, 2 ; 3, 3 d. 2, 3 ; 2, 2 ; 3, 3
8. How many ways can a committee consisting of 4 members be formed from 8 people?
a. 14 b. 35 c. 70 d. 140
9. Seven points are marked on a circle. How many quadrilaterals can be formed using any 4
of the 7 points?
a. 15 b. 20 c. 35 d. 70
10. A committee of 5 people is to be chosen from a group of 12 people --- 6 women and 6
men. In how many ways can the committee be chosen so as to include exactly 3 men?
a. 15 b. 20 c. 300 d. 720

Possible Answers:
1.a 2.d 3.b 4.a 5.b 6.d 7.b 8.c 9.c 10.c

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V. ASSIGNMENT :

Determine whether each situation involves a permutation or a combination.

1. Five badminton players from a group of nine. (combinations)
2. Seven toppings for pizza(combinations)
3. Finding the diagonals of a polygon(combinations)
4. A classroom sitting chart(permutations)
5. 15 books in a library shelf(permutations)
6. Choosing a class president, vice president, and a secretary(permutations)
7. Eight outfits chosen from fifteen outfits to be modeled(combinations)
8. A six-person committee from your math class(combinations)
___________________________________________________________________

Written by:

ARCHIE C. INAO
Teacher III
Norberta Guillar Memorial National High School

Checked by: Reviewed by:

CECILIA P. ABAD ELMAR L. ANCOG

Master Teacher I Master Teacher I

Noted:

EIMIE T. ARUELO, EdD SALEM T. UYAG

Public Schools District Supervisor EPS I - Mathematics

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