Code-switching / Code-mixing /

Spanglish
 Loanwords or borrowings

□ words taken from one language and

incorporated into another. Many times
these borrowings are phonologically
adapted into the recipient language and are
used in monolingual discourse
□ cognate in a different language. This is
referred to as a semantic extension.
(apply)
 Code-switching

□ The alternation of two languages within a

single discourse, sentence or constituent” .
□ 3 types of CS: Tag, Inter-sentential and
Intra-sentential.

“She cried out each time they struck her but she did not cry,
entiendes? ‘do you understand’

He was sitting down EN LA CAMA, MIRÁNDONOS PELEANDO, Y

really, I don't remember SI ÉL NOS SEPARÓ or whatever, you know.
Code-mixing or Language mixing

□ refer to cases where rather than a switch we

have a continuous back and forth between the
two languages

• El government ha dicho que si es necesario tomarán

disciplinary action contra ellos.
 Spanglish
• The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines it as:
“Spanish marked by numerous borrowings from
English; broadly: any of various combinations of
Spanish and English.”
• Real Academia Española (RAE) defines “Espanglish” as:
“[m]odalidad del habla de algunos grupos hispanos de
los Estados Unidos, en la que se mezclan,
deformándolos, elementos léxicos y gramaticales del
español y del inglés.”
• a jargon used by those that are uneducated and
unable to speak standard Spanish or English properly.
• Stavans (2000) comments that some examples
in the United States are: Nuyorican Spanglish,
spoken by Puerto Ricans in New York;
Dominicanish, the Spanglish version spoken
by Dominicans; Istlos, the Spanglish for East
Los Angeles and Sagüesera, the one spoken
on South West Street in Miami. Other
common terms for this type of mixture are
Caló, Cubonics, Tex Mex, Pachuco, Pocho.
 Spanglish

• is not a technical linguistic term and can

encompass different language contact
phenomena it is being used by both
Hispanics and authors and it may be gaining
some acceptance to refer to the mixture of
Spanish and English.
Is Spanglish a pidgin language?
 Is Spanglish a pidgin language?
• They simplify and fuse their languages to fulfill
their need for communication. Spanglish is
not an example of pidgin since no common
language is shared. They are just parts of
sentences being interchanged, conjugated or
spelled with the rules of the other language