Module 4

Prepared by: Engr. Zandhra Bandong

 SHEAR & MOMENT OF BEAMS
LOAD

SHEAR DIAGRAM/ V-DIAGRAM

POSITIVE SHEAR AREA

ZERO SHEAR/
NEGATIVE SHEAR AREA REFERENCE LINE

MOMENT DIAGRAM/ M-DIAGRAM

POSITIVE MOMENT
ZERO MOMENT/
NEGATIVE MOMENT REFERENCE LINE
DETERMINATE BEAMS
can be analyze by the
three equations of 2. Roller Support
equilibrium
ΣFv = 0
ΣFh = 0 Ry
ΣM = 0
3. Fixed Support
TYPES OF SUPPORT
M
1. Hinged support/Pinned Rx
Ry
Rx
Ry
TYPES OF LOADING
𝟏
1. Concentrated load Aspan = 𝐧+𝟏bh

2. Uniformly distributed load

Apar = 𝟐𝟑bh
R = wL = Area L/2 L/2

Atrap = 𝟏𝟐(B+ b)h

3. Uniformly varying load
2 1
R = ½ wL = Area 3𝐿 3𝐿

4. Moment/couple
DETERMINACY
r ? 3n
r ≥ 3n
r – no. of reactions
n – no. of parts
r = 3n (determinate) r=4 i = r – 3n
n=1 i=4–3
r = 3n i = 1st degree
4 = 3(1)
r = 3n 4≠3
3 = 3(1) ∴ indeterminate
3=3
∴ determinate
EXAMPLE 1
20 KN 40 KN Solution:
ΣMB = 0 (clockwise +)
-20(1) + 40(3) – Dy(3+2) = 0
A B C D
Dy = 20 KN
1m 3m 2m
ΣMD = 0 (clockwise +)
Required: Construct the shear and moment -40(2) + By(3+2) – 20(1+3+2) = 0
diagram of the given beam By = 40 KN

20 KN 40 KN
Checking:
ΣFv = 0 (↑+)
B C D 20 + 40 = By +Dy
A
20 + 40 = 20 +40
0=0
By=40KN Dy=20KN
 20 KN
20 KN 40 KN
MBC
C
B
A B C D
1m
40KN VBC
1m 3m 2m x
By=40KN Dy=20 KN
VBC = –20 + 40
VBC = 20 KN
MBC = 40(x-1) – 20(x) x = 4 ; MBC = 40
Solution:
20 KN 40 KN
20 KN
MCD
MAB D
B A B C
A
1m 3m
x 40KN VCD
VAB x
VAB = –20 KN if x = 0 ; MAB = 0 VCD = 40 – 20 – 40
MAB = –20(x) x = 1 ; MAB = –20 VCD = –20 KN
MCD = 40(x-1) – 20(x) – 40(x-4) x = 6 ; MCD = 0
 20 KN 40 KN

NOTE:
A B C D @ V=0; Mmax
1m 3m 2m
By=40KN Dy=20 KN Magnitude of moment = Area of VD

20 0ͦ 20
Max shear, Vmax = 20 KN
V-DIAGRAM
0 0 Max moment, Mmax = 40 KNm
-20 -20 -20 -20
0ͦ 0ͦ

40 +
= -20+20(3)

1ͦ
M-DIAGRAM
0 0
= 40-(20)(2) -
1 -20
ͦ
= -20(1)
EXAMPLE 2
w=10 KN/m

B
Solution:
A
ΣMA = 0 (clockwise +)
8m +80(4) – By(8) = 0
By = 40 KN

ΣMB = 0 (clockwise +)
R=80KN -80(4) + Ay(8) = 0
4m R=(10KN/m)(8m) Ay = 40 KN

Checking: ΣFv = 0 (↑+)

A B
Ay + By = R
40 + 40 = 80
8m 40 + 40 -80 = 0
Ay=40KN By=40 KN
0=0
 R=80KN
4m R=(10KN/m)(8m)

A B
VA = +40 KN

Ay=40KN
8m VAB = +40 – 80 =-40KN
By=40 KN
VB = -40 + 40 =0
40
1ͦ VB = 0
V-DIAGRAM
0 0 MA = 0
1ͦ -40 MAC = 12(4)(40) =80KNm
MCB = 80 - 12(4)(40) = 0
C
2ͦ 80 2ͦ MB = 0
M-DIAGRAM
0 0
EXAMPLE 3
From the given beam,
5KN construct its V & M
w=2 KN/m w=4 KN/m Diagram.
3 KNm Solution:
A B
ΣMA = 0 (clockwise +)
8(2) + 5(2m) + 3 + 6(1+1+3+2+2) –
2m 2m 3m 1m 3m By(2+2+3+1+3) = 0
By = 7.545 KN

R=8KN R=6KN ΣMB = 0 (clockwise +)

R=(2KN/m)(4m) R=(1Τ2)(4KN/m)(3m) -6(2) + 3 -8(2+3+1+3) -5(2+3+1+3) +
5KN Ay(2+2+3+1+3) = 0
Ay = 11.455 KN
3 KNm
A B Checking: ΣFv = 0 (↑+)
Ay + By = 8+6+5
2m 2m 3m 1m 3m 11.455 + 7.545 = 19
Ay=11.455KN By=7.545KN 11.455 + 7.545 -19 = 0
1m 2m 0=0
 R=8KN R=6KN
5KN
0ͦ
3 KNm 1ͦ
A B

4 2.455 x=1.228m
2m
Ay=11.455KN
2m 3m 1m 3m
By=7.545KN 2𝑚
= 𝑋
1m 2m x+y=2;
11.455 y=0.7725m
7.455
V-DIAGRAM 2.455
0 0

x y -1.545 -1.545
7.545KN
20.42 19.82
18.91 18.185
16.64
M-DIAGRAM 15.185
0 0
EXAMPLE 4
w=20 KN/m 20KN
Solution:
ΣMA = 0 (clockwise +)
60(2) + 20(6+2) – By(10)= 0
A B
By = 28 KN
6m 2m 2m

R=60KN ΣMB = 0 (clockwise +)

R=(1Τ2)(20KN/m)(6m) -20(2) – 60(4+2+2) + Ay(10)= 0
20KN Ay = 52 KN

B
Checking: ΣFv = 0 (↑+)
A
Ay + By = 60 +20
6m 2m 2m 52 + 28 - 80 = 0
0=0
2m 4m

Ay=52KN By=28KN
 R
20KN
R=60KN y
20 𝑦
1ͦ
6𝑚
= 𝑏
; 6=a+b

B A
A 10
y= b
3
6m 2m 2m a b
Ay=52KN By=28KN Ay=52KN
2m 4m 6m
ΣFv = 0 (↑+)
52-R=0
52 - 1Τ2(y+20)(a) = 0
52 10
52 - 1Τ2( 3 b +20)(6-b) = 0
52
V-DIAGRAM 2ͦ
b=2.19m
0 0 c=3.81 A1
0
-8 0 ͦ -8 A2
-28 -28
83.68 0ͦ -8
3ͦ
3ͦ 72
1ͦ 6m
56 1 ͦ
A1 = Asp – [Arec – A2] a b
0 0 1 2
M-DIAGRAM A1 = 2°+1(6)(60)-[8(6)- 3(2.19)(8)
A1 = 83.68
 FOR ANY QUESTION/S:
zibandong@uc-bcf.edu.ph