ENG TraditionalCulture P1

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Name：____________________

Topic: School Life

Contents Page
A. Passage Learning - R&W
B. Vocabulary, Phrases and Sentences - R&W
C. Grammar - W
D. Homework 1
E. Text Type - W
F. Video Learning - L&S
G. Homework 2
H. Extra Knowledge

R：Reading（PI）W：Writing（PII）
L：Listening（PIII）S：Speaking（PIV）

Notes：

Revision

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undeniably essential all-rounded universal phenomenon boost confidence
skyrocketing a concerted effort organization eradicate solve handle
development
The fact of Hong Kong culture
Our local culture has been declining during the (1) ___________ urban (2) ___________. For
example, the disappearance of Queen’s Pier was (3) ___________ a loss of collective
memory for many Hong Kong people. In the past, it used to be an (4) ___________ that
people took a ferry or chatted on the pier. But now it was gone. Although the government
claims that they are “(5) ___________” with the cultural problem, but it has never been (6)
___________. Some local (7) ___________ claim that it is really (8) ___________ for all of
us to make (9) ___________, in order to stop the cultural (10) ___________ in Hong Kong.
These organizations and cultural volunteers somehow (11) ___________ for the Hong Kong
people.
1skyrocketing 2development 3undeniably 4universal phenomenon 5handling 6solved
7organizations 8essential 9a concerted effort 10eradication 11boost confidence

undeniably essential universal phenomenon

commercially oriented a concerted effort organization aggravate
development
Lion dance: A special traditional culture
Lion dance is an 1._____________ tradition in Chinese culture. Lion dancers costume
themselves and perform in public. Mostly, it is an 2._____________ in New Year because
authorities and 3. _____________ are willing to hire them, performing this dance that
symbols to bring good luck and fortune. However, the declining economy and coronavirus has
been 4. _____________. As a special culture that has not shrunken yet, we need to pour in 5.
_____________ in order to save it from the storm of modern 6. _____________. In this 7.
_____________ Hong Kong society, we 8. _____________ need more traditional and warm
culture.

1essential 2universal phenomenon 3organization 4aggravating/aggravated 5a concerted effort

6development 8undeniably

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A. Passage Learning - R&W
2017 DSE English Writing Question 5
Learning English through Popular Culture

Recently the Hong Kong Government published a list of intangible cultural heritage items
that the city should protect. The following were on the list: Traditional egg tarts and mahjong

Write a letter to the editor of the Hong Kong Daily supporting the Government’s choice of
these two features of Hong Kong culture, suggesting why they are worth(adj) protecting and
how they can be protected.
importance & suggestions

Example 1

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Example 2
Dear Editor,
Egg Tarts and Mahjong: Our Old Hong Kong

Traditional egg tarts and mahjong 1bring back memories of the old days. The scene of my
mother playing mahjong while we children eating egg tarts decades ago comes back to my
mind again. They are the important part of the old Hong Kong. Recently, the Government
has included these two local cultural features as intangible cultural heritage. It is a welcome
move. As Hong Kong has developed into an international city where East meets West, we
are under the constant 2influence of Eastern and Western culture, ranging from Japanese
food, Korean pop culture to American TV dramas and Hollywood movies. As foreign
culture 3prevails in Hong Kong, Hong Kong local culture is losing 4appeal and 5fading
away from our daily life. To prevent our local culture from dying, the Government should
protect our cultural heritage in order to 6pass on the history and memory to the next
generation.
1 bring back【vphr】帶回；喚起（recall） 2influence【n】影響力
3 prevail【v】佔上風（mainstream 主流） 4appeal【n】特性（v：上訴/申請）
5 fade away from【vphr】逝去 6 pass on【vphr】傳遞某訊息
Egg tarts, fish balls and pineapple buns are still 1.__________ in Hong Kong after years.
They have their own 2. __________ among local snacks market. They also 3.
__________ collective memories among elder generations that the hard times 4.
__________ the old Hong Kong. Their 5. __________ are preserved and are not
forgotten. Perhaps these snacks can 6. __________ to the future generations about Hong
Kong history and culture.

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1prevailing 2influence 3bring back 4fading away from 5appeals 6

Traditional egg tarts were signature food of the last century. They were famous for its crust
and sweet flavour and were sold and served by local bakeries and cafes. Almost every
Hongkonger has eaten egg tarts. Do you remember those days when you were waiting for
the hot, freshly made egg tarts at one of the nearby bakeries in the neighborhood as a treat
after school? When we were poor and young in those days, we always scrambled to the
bakery and lined up for the egg tarts which were ready to be sold at a quarter past three
after the school bell rang. We were satisfied because egg tarts were not only yummy but
also cheap. Egg tarts actually grew up with us. They are our collective memory of the old
Hong Kong. Therefore, egg tarts are worth protecting.

Mahjong was a famous game among Hong Kong people of the last century. The sound of
playing mahjong was often heard along the corridor of the housing estate. Some TV game
shows were even based on mahjong and attracted millions of audience. Mahjong was also a
game among family, friends and relatives during the Chinese New Year because it is a
symbol of solidarity. However, mahjong is disappearing from our daily life because there
are so many entertainment options available. Similar to egg tarts, mahjong is our collective
memory of the old Hong Kong. Therefore, mahjong is worth protecting.

To help protect and preserve our cultural heritage, the Government can promote egg tarts by
making a short film advertisement about egg tarts and the old Hong Kong and inviting
famous people to star in the film. Also, the Government can offer subsidises to food trucks
at the tourist spots which sell egg tarts. It can help promote egg tarts as our local cultural
heritage to our visitors. As for mahjong, the Government can organize a “Mahjong
Contest” in the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre where Hong Kong people
can participate and play mahjong as contestants to win the championship. It aims to
promote mahjong culture in our community.

I hope that, by doing so, our cultural heritage can be preserved in our community and
passed on to the next generation as part of the history of Hong Kong.

Yours faithfully,
Chris Wong

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B. Vocabulary
B1. Topic-related
1.Eat at a dai pai dong
The quintessential(classic) Hong Kong dining experience. These
super local, family-run outdoor restaurants are on the decline
due to the government’s refusal. Food from these outdoor cheap
eats does not get any more authentic. Check out our feature on
Hong Kong’s best dai pai dong’s

2. See a dim sum cart in action

Another Hong Kong dining institution. It’s shameful if you come to the
SAR and don’t try dim sum. The traditional way of ordering dim sum
from a cart is slowly being phased out, replaced by an order sheet.

3. Look at neon signs

Hong Kong’s iconic lighting fixtures are slowly being stripped
down and replaced by commercially-savvy – and boring – printed
or plastic signs that we’re are all too familiar with. Despite their
decline, these neon signs still ooze a kind of old-world drama.
Thankfully, there’s a few spots around town where you can get a
great snap!

4. mooncakes
Canto-Western cuisine is common in Hong Kong. It has both "Western" and
Chinese (mainly Cantonese) influences. Mooncakes found in Hong Kong are
mostly Cantonese-style, though Hong Kongers also have local inventions
such as snow skin mooncake.

5. Steamed Shrimp Dumplings (Har Gow)

It is one of the most representative dim sum dishes in Hong Kong
restaurants. It remains a top priority of order, though expensive. Usually
there are three to four shrimp dumplings in one bamboo steamer. When it
is served, the wrapper is crystal-like and shining, attracting people to put it
into their mouths. One bite is enough to swallow one dumpling. The
shrimp is refreshing and best if it has a little juice inside so that it is not

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too dry.
Vocab Exercise 1:
dai pai dong dim sum cart neon signs mooncakes shrimp dumplings

In traditional Chinese restaurants, some 1.______________ are served to provide different

snacks out of the food in the food stall, including 2. ______________. But in Sham Shui Po,
there are some 3. ______________ in the streets, the bright 4. ______________ are behind
them as a background.

Exercise 1
Please use around 50 words to describe pineapple bread,
Pineapple bread is not strange for Hong Kong people. Because it is famous in Hong Kong .
The pineapple bread looks like pineapple so people call it pineapple bread. It is not only its
appearance is similar but also the taste. The taste of pineapple bread is sweet like pineapple.
Besides pineapple bread is also soft therefore it is many people’s favourite bread.

Pineapple Bread is a sweet bread originating in Hong Kong, very popular, and found in
nearly every bakery.

The surface of the bread looks a pineapple, hence the name, but the traditional variety
doesn't actually contain pineapple. A mixture of sugar, eggs, flour, and lard form a crisp
surface with soft bread underneath, and it's best eaten when hot.

Exercise 2
Please use around 50 words to describe Hong Kong-Style Milk Tea.
Hong Kong-Style milk tea is different from Taiwanese milk tea. Hong Kong milk tea is
not sweet like Taiwan milk tea. Hong Kong milk tea uses red tea and milk to make in
general. In the tea time ,the Hong Kong-Style milk tea is the best choice.

Hong Kong-style milk tea consists of Ceylon black tea, evaporated milk and sugar, the
tea at the bottom and evaporated milk on top. Hong Kongers like to say that in a cup of
superior milk tea the taste of milk should be stronger than the tea. Different ingredients
and cooking methods produce various flavors.

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By and large, milk tea is standard fare in Hong Kong-style Western restaurants and Cha
Chaan Teng, as well as Hong Kong's historic Dai Pai Dong (a Hong Kong-style outside
restaurant). Nowadays, Hong Kong-style milk tea has become a symbol of Hong Kong
culture. In Hong Kong films actors frequently mention it in dialogues.

Lan Fong Yuen (a Hong Kong-style Cha Chaan Teng), situated in Central, is famous for
its original Hong Kong-style milk tea and has a history of over 50 years.Continue to read
about Chinese tea.

B2. Writing-related
1. aim at 瞄準、致力於（～aim to）
= set one’s mind on
All contestants aim at winning the first prize.
1st runner up
2nd runner up
2. as a result, 因此、結果
= therefore = thus = hence = consequently
Sam likes to tell lies. As a result, no one wants to make friends with her.
chris
Christopher
christina
3. as a matter of fact, 事實上
= in fact = in reality = in truth =in effect
As a matter of fact, I don’t like your idea.
As aforementioned,
4.bear in mind 記住
= remember = keep in mind
Bear in mind that I will be always by your side.

5. be famous for (+ 特色) 以…著名

= be celebrated for = be known for
= be renowned for = be well-known for
= be noted for = be famed for
= be distinguished for
Jackie Chen is famous for (因為) his movies.

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as (身為)a movie star.
to (對於) people all over the world.

aim at as a result as a matter of fact

bear in mind be famous for
Hong Kong the “Food Paradise” is used to 1.____________ having different cuisines. For
me as a foodie, many delicious and unique meal styles are 2. ____________ that they are
really unforgettable.
3. ____________, many restaurants have been moved out of Hong Kong through the years
due to the economic reasons. Hong Kong government then provides subsidies to start-ups,
4. ____________ encouraging local restaurants. 5. ____________, it is still hopeful for this
food paradise.

1be famous for 2bearing in (my) mind 3As a matter of fact 4aimming at 5As a result

6. By no means 決不
= on no account = under no circumstances
= not by any means = in no case = in no way
By no means will I lend you money.

7. be worthwhile 值得
= be worthy of = be worth one’s while
= be worth + Ving = pays
It pays to buy the book.
= It’s worthwhile buying the book.

8. be fond of 喜歡
= like = go in for = prefer = take fancy on
= care for = take to = take delight/pleasure in
Most youngsters in Taiwan are fond of playing computer games.
(all) around the world
adj global worldwide
9. have ~ influence / effect / impact on + n. 對…有影響
= affect + n. = influence + n.
911 tragedy will surely have a great influence on other countries.

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10. make progress 有進展、有進步

= progress = become better = get improvement
The hard-working boy is making much progress in study.

by no means worthwhile be fond of

have influence on make progress
Traditions still 1. ____________ us nowadays. For example, both teenagers and adults 2.
____________ playing mahjong during Chinese New Year. 3. ____________ should we let
this kind of entertaining traditions going to a fall. However, some traditions are
controversial that whether it is 4. ____________ being promoted or not, like the traditional
wedding. Some believe that the world is 5. ____________ and thus, people should upgrade
their mindset. It is not a must for new couples vanishing money to having a formalized
and boring wedding but saving it for flats.

1have influence on 2are fond of 3By no means 4worthwhile 5making progress

Writing
Book / Film Review
1. Pre-writing
 Reading - Read the book or film first
 Note-taking - Remember and take notes of the plot of the story. What impression did it
produce on you?

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strike a chord v.phr.

raise (one’s) resonance n.
Writing
 Introduction: give the title and author of the book. If you're reviewing a film mention the
director or actors.
 Body:
1. Summarize the plot in a few sentences.
2. Mention the setting: the place and time of the plot.
3. Say something about the main characters.
4. Say something about the content.
 Conclusion:
1. Comment on the book or film.
2. Let others know whether or not you liked the book/film.
3. Why do you like it? Why don't you like it?
4. Is the author's style good or bad, is the book / film interesting or boring etc.
5. Do you want to recommend the book/film?
 Edit your writing.

 Useful Expressions:

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1. Title, Author / Director, Actors
The film is directed by
The film is produced by..
It is starred by...
The book is written by ...
3. Characters and Plot
The main characters are ...
The story is about ....
The novel tells the story of ...
In the course of the novel the action
develops dramatically.
The novel / film begins with...
The novel has an unexpected ending.
The end of ... is ...
ENG TraditionalCulture P15
2. Setting
The action takes place in ... (setting)
The action of the film is set in ...
The story takes place in...
4. Reaction
I am impressed by
The book is terribly / beautifully written
The film is terrible / exciting.
What surprised me is ...
What I liked is...
What I didn't like is...
I liked/didn't like the film / novel because ...
Reading

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C. Grammar - Relatives
關係詞除了各自具有的詞性外，還兼有連接詞功用，用來連接子句。
1 關係代名詞 Who, whose, whom, which, that
2 準關係代名詞 as, but, than
3 關係副詞 Why, when, where, how
4 關係形容詞 Which, what
5 複合關係代名詞 Whoever, whosever, whomever, whichever, whatever
6 複合關係副詞 Wherever, whenever, however
7 複合關係形容詞 Whatever, whichever
1. 什麼叫做關係代名詞？
兼有「代名詞」與「連接詞」等雙重作用的代名詞，叫做「關係代名詞」。
(1) 關係代名詞

主格 所有格 受格
先行詞
人 who whose whom
動物；事物 which whose (=of which) which
人；動物；事物 that 沒有 that

[EXERCISE]
1. I know the girl ________________ was just standing here.

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2. She has a boyfriend ________________ name is Leo.
3. The lady ________________ you saw here is my mother.
4. I know the man. He came yesterday.
 _______________________________________________________________________
5. The chair is broken. You’re sitting on the chair.
 _______________________________________________________________________
☆ 關係代名詞所代替的名詞或代名詞，叫做「先行詞 (或稱前述詞)」
☆ 關係代名詞所引導的子句，叫做「形容詞子句（或稱關係子句）」，用於修飾先行
詞

who, whose, whom 的用法

先行詞是人時，其關係代名詞主格用 who，受格用 whom，所有格用 whose
例：This is the teacher who teaches us English.
例：A woman whose husband is dead is called a widow.
例：The man whom we saw this morning is Mr. Brown.
☆ whom 是「受格」關係代名詞，在句中可省略。
例：The girl (whom) I like is right there.
☆ 但 whom 的前面如有「介系詞」，則不可省略，請比較以下兩例：
例：The man (whom) you were talking about is my husband.
例：The man about whom you were talking is my husband.
☆ whom 的前面「沒有」介系詞時，在「口語」中，whom 可用 who 代替。
例：The girl whom I like is right there. ……………(O)
whom， who 前面沒有介系詞。
The girl who I like is right there. ……………(O)

which，whose 的用法
先行詞是動物或事物時，其關係代名詞主格用 which，受格也用 which，所有格用
whose 或 of which
例：Where is the letter which I received yesterday?
例：The book whose cover is green is mine.
例：He likes a house which has a large garden.
☆ whose 可用“of which”代替
例：The house whose door is red is mine. = The house the door of which is red is mine.

2. 複合關係代名詞 what 的用法

what 在文法上可當複合關係代名詞，用以指「事物」，它相當於 the thing(s)[先行詞]

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+which[關係代名詞]，或 all that，因為 what 本身已含有先行詞，故在句中，如「沒
有」先行詞出現時，須用複合關係代名詞 what。
例：This is what I need. = This is the thing which I need.

[EXERCISE]
1. He saves __________________ he earns.
2. __________________ I say is true.
3. A man is usually judged by __________________ he does.
☆ A is to B __________________ C is to D （A 之於 B 猶如 C 之於 D）
Reading is to the mind __________________ food is to the body.

3. 關係代名詞 that 的特殊用法

有下列情形者，常用（並非絕對）that。
(一) 前面有「最高級」。 例：This is the best movie (that) I have ever seen.
(二) 包括「人」與「非人」。
例：I saw Tom and his dog that were walking in the park.
(三) 前面有「序數」，如 the first、the last（最後）。
例：He is the first boy that came this morning.
(四) 前面有 all，no，every，any，the only，the same，the very（正是）。
例：He is the only boy that can do it.
例：He is the very man (that) I met yesterday.
(五) 疑問句的開頭是 who，which，what 等，常用 that。因為要避免“Who…who…?”
或“Which…which…?”的重複。
例：Who is the boy that is wearing glasses?
[EXERCISE]
1. Look at the hunter and his dog __________________ are crossing the river.
2. There is nothing __________________ can be done about it.
3. Mary is his only daughter to __________________ he gave most of his property.
4. Mr. Wang has two houses, __________________ are built of bricks.
5. This is the very T-shirt __________________ I bought from Paris.
D. Reading - Cause and effect
Cause & Effect
 We often want to know why something happened or what happened as the result of something else
happening. We try to understand the reason or cause for it. The word “because” often helps you
understand why something happened. If the word “because” does not appear, then try to figure out

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why an event occurred.
Think about cause and effect as you read this story. Then you can show the cause and effect
on a chart.
Latoya didn’t push the scoop of ice cream tightly into the cone. When she turned from
the counter, the ice cream fell on the floor. Her brother Jerry accidentally stepped on the
ice cream and slid across the floor.

Exploring the Strategy

Find the causes and effects in this story. Remember to look for clue words such as because
and so to help you find a cause and an effect.
Danny’s friends were angry because he was always playing tricks on them. One time
Danny yelled, “Help! My foot is caught in my bike wheel.” Everyone ran to help Danny.
He laughed as he rode away. His friends didn’t think it was funny. They didn’t laugh.
Once Danny was swimming in the park district pool. Suddenly two of his friends dove in
to help him because
he yelled, “Help! I’m drowning!” But Danny laughed and swam away. The children
didn’t like Danny’s tricks. Soon he didn’t have many friends left.

1.

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Steven Brown is in the 6th grade at Taylor County Middle School. He is an intelligent student,
but one night Steven stayed up too late and he knew he had a test the next day. When he took
his test at school, he failed it. What was the cause of Steven failing his test?
A. He didn’t try at all. B. He didn't know about the test. C. He stayed up too late.

2. Ronnie had a dog named Shane. Shane is fun to play with. One day Ronnie was playing
with Shane and the ball went across the street. Shane ran into the street and got hit by a car.
When Ronnie got to Shane he was injured with a broken leg. What was the effect of Shane
getting hit by the car?
A. He died. B. He was injured with a broken leg. C. The car wrecked.

3. Tammy was in her backyard climbing a tree. She climbed to the middle part of the tree.
Before she knew what had happened, bees were swarming all around and over her. Tammy let
out a blood curdling yell. What do you think was the effect of Tammy hitting the nest?
A. Bees stung her. B. The nest fell. C. Some of the bees died.

4. Mrs. Johnson works at a bakery. She is a nice, but elderly lady, who really needs to retire
from the bakery. One Monday afternoon Robert went to the bakery after school to order a
cake for his mom's wedding. Robert needed the cake on Thursday afternoon by 3:00 P. M.
Mrs. Johnson said she would have it ready for him. On Tuesday she started making the cake
but she put too much flour in the cake and it rose up too much in the middle. Mrs. Johnson
started over making the cake. This time she put too much sugar in the cake and it cracked
right down the middle. Finally, by Thursday morning, Mrs. Johnson had the cake ready to
decorate. As she was picking it up to place it on the table where she decorated her cakes, she
almost dropped it on the floor. What do you think was the cause of Mrs. Johnson having so
much trouble with the cake?
A. Robert did not order the cake early enough.
B. The weather was making the dough separate.
C. Mrs. Johnson was really too old to still be working in the bakery.

5. Shawn Falco is the quarterback for the Washington Wantabees. He is a great quarterback.
January 1, 2002 the Wantabees played against the Milwaukee Willabees. The Wantabees were
losing 10 to 14. It was 4th down and 3 yards to go with 4 seconds left on the clock. Shawn
hiked the ball but he dropped it. This cost them the game. What was the effect of Shawn
dropping the ball?

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A. They lost the game. B. He got hurt. C. He got fired.

6. David Green is a man who works at a zoo. He helps train the animals for shows. He mostly
works with chimps, tigers, and lions. He is a great trainer. David was working with a tiger to
teach it how to jump through a ring of fire. Two days later the tiger learned how to jump
trough a ring of fire. David was finished, so he was going to put the tiger into its cage. David
forgot to lock the gate, so the tiger got out. What was the cause of the tiger getting out?
A. The lock broke. B. The tiger jumped out. C. David forgot to lock the gate.

7. Henry James is a basketball player for the Orlando Twirly Birds. Henry is a great player. He
got sick one morning, so he missed his game. Orlando lost because they didn't have their key
player who was Henry.
(1) What was the effect of Henry getting sick?
A. He missed his game. B. His team was upset with him. C. He had to have surgery.
(2) What was the cause of Orlando losing the game?
A. They were tired. B. They didn’t make it in time. C. They didn’t have their key
player.

8. Frank Jones is a man who loves to go fishing. One Saturday afternoon Frank went fishing
and caught a humongous fish. However, it got away because he didn't tie the string tight
enough and it broke. What was the cause of the fish getting away?
A. The string wasn't tight enough and it broke.
B. The hook broke.
C. A screw came out of the rod.

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