ENT

Direct
Laryngoscopy

Indirect
Laryngoscopy
 Phonasthenia
Key Hole Glottis

Laryngomalacia Bilateral Abductor Palsy

Omega Epiglottis

Congenital Glottic
Bilateral Adductor Palsy
Web
Juvenile Papilloma of Larynx TB of Larynx
Turban Epiglottis (B)

Mouse nibbled appearance

of left Vocal Cord (below
image)

Vocal Nodules
Aka Singer's/Screamer's/Teacher's Vocal Polyp
Nodules
 Laryngocele
Laryngeal Carcinoma
Dilated saccule (Seen in trumpet players)

Chevalier Jackson
Tracheostomy Tube
Blom Singer Prosthesis

PVC Tracheostomy
Tube

Electrolarynx (Artificial Larynx)

 Zenker's Diverticulum
Heimlich's Maneuver Hypopharynx/Retropharynx/Laryng From Killian's
Given for choking opharynx Dehiscence

Adenoid Hypertrophy Rose Position

Adenoid Facies In adenoid or tonsil surgeries
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Frogface Deformity seen CECT- Hollmam Miller/ Antral
Angiofibroma (JNA) in JNA Sign

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
(NPC)
Arises from Fossa of
Rosenmuller

Trotter's triad seen

 Quinsy
Peritonsillar
Abscess
Hot Potato Voice

Parapharyngeal Abscess
Similar picture to Quinsy with neck swelling
Image of Oropharynx (A)- Abscess
 Retropharyngeal Abscess
Pediatric airway emergency (D/D- Acute
Epiglottitis)
Imaging- Widening of prevertebral
shadiw

Pre-Vertebral Abscess
Due to TB Cervical Spine
Imaging- Widening of
prevertebral space +
erosion of cervical
vertebral bodies

Tongue Carcinoma
MC site- Lateral border of tongue
India MC- Gingivobuccal Sulcus
 Rhinophyma
Aka Potato Nose
Hypertrophy of sebaceous
glands

Saddle Nose
Seen in Leprosy/Syphilis

Nasal Myiasis
Presence of maggots
Rhinolith
 LeForte's fracture
Mid face fractures
1. Transverse
2. Pyramidal
3. Craniofacial Dysjunction

Walsham forceps- Closed

reduction of nasal bone
fracture

Nasal Septum fracture Nasal Bone Fracture

A. Jarjaway- Horizontal MC fractured bone of face Ash Forceps- Reduction of
B. Chevallet- Vertical nasal septum fractures
Nasal Endoscopy Anterior Rhinoscopy and Anterior Rhinoscope

Posterior
Rhinoscopy
and Posterior
Rhinoscope

Ethmoidal Nasal Polyp

Lateral View Water's view Caldwell view
X-ray Skull

Maxillary Sinus Carcinoma Ohngren's Line Weber Fergusson

RF- Nickel or Furniture hardwood dust To assess prognosis approach
exposure of Maxillary Sinus Ca
For Total
Maxillectomy
 Deviated Nasal
Septum (DNS)

Mucormycosis
Seen in diabetics/HIV +ve

Septal Hematoma
Bilateral

Due to trauma

Can progress to Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy

abscess and Seen in DNS
perforation
Mulberry appearance of Nasal Mucosa
 Rhinoscleroma
Aka Woody Nose
Atrophic Rhinitis Due to Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
Aka Ozeana (Frisch bacillus)
Wide roomy cavities filled with Bx- Russel Bodies and Mikulicz Cells
crusts
Merciful Anosmia
Rhinosporidiosis
Due to Rhinosporidium
seeberi (aquatic
protozoa)
Mulberry like nasal mass

Epistaxis
A- Anterior Nasal Packing
B. Posterior Nasal Packing
Hillocks of His
Precursor of pinna (6)

Darwin's Tubercle Malignant Otitis

Externa
Aka Skull Base
Ear Syringing Osteomylelitis
Due to Pseudomonas
Posterosuperior direction
aeuginosa
 Otomycosis
Due to Aspergillus
niger
Wet newspaper
appearance

Landmarks of Tympanic Membrane

(Myring)

TM
Perforation

Grommet Insertion
Done in Glue
Retraction Pocket Cholesteatoma
Ear/Serous Otitis Media
Acute Suppurative Mac Evan's Triangle (Suprameatal Traingle)
Otitis Media (ASOM) Surgical landmark for Mastoid Antrum

Ironing of mastoid surface

Acute Mastoditis
Seen in Acute Mastoditis
Bithermal Caloric Test

Brainstem Evoked Response

Audiometry (BERA)
Pediatric patients
Malingerers Oto Acoustic Emissions (OAE)
Used in Neonates
 Tympanometry
A- Normal
Ad- Ossicular dislocation
As- Otosclerosis
B- Perforation of TM
C- Eustachian Tube Blockage

Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA)

Aka Audiogram

Age Induced Hearing

Loss (Presbyacusis)
Slopping Audiogram
Noise Induced Hearing Loss
Normal Acoustic Dip at 4000 Hz
 Lateral Sinus / Sigmoid Siegel's Speculum
Sinus Thrombosis
Schirmer's Test
CT- Delta Sign

Ossicular Replacement
Prosthesis (ORP) SenosiNeural Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Loss
Partial(PORP) and
(SNHL) (CHL)
Total(TORP)
 Stapes Piston
Schwartz Sign Prosthesis
Aka Flamingo pink appearance Fixed stapes is replaced in
Seen in early stages of Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis
Carhart's Notch
Acoustic dip at 2000 Hz on Audiogram in
Otosclerosis Acoustic Neuroma
Aka Vestibular Schwannoma
MC Cerebello-Pontine Angle
tumor
8th nerve

Cochlear Implant
Done in B/L profound
hearing loss
 Glomus Jugulare
Phelp Sign- CT
Rising Sun Sign
Brown Sign on
Siegelisation

Phelp Sign

Meniere's Disease
Aka Endolymohatic Hydrops

Rising Audiogram
Recruitment phenomenon
Heinnebert's Sign
Tullio's phenomenon
Tumarkin's Crisis
Diplacusis
Otoscope