Unit-3

he olenal (inloil dinqian UART

OhK7 nd
aad tvplain he
Daw

funien nth block in dela

wo
wo UARTS Communi (alt direth
A n UAR lonvoilelion, data
ath o-the 7he bansmiting UART htoiH Pasalt)
h
onbol ling deuite ke plpu in to
in to Seria om,
lhvh then
Donmit in Sevial to h teing URT
deta for the
lonUes mt Seria data batk in avallel
ansmit
wo Lne ave netded o
Releibiog Deilt Dnly
Belween hdo UARTS Dato loasS mom he 7x Pn
Date RT.
UART o he R pin -hu Ketiuing
of h hanmiting
UAR1 1 UART

R R
Whith mtany het
Taansmil Data a Jyrt hronou, biB
- UAR
ynthionise dutp) o
nD tbtk Signa to
Sampling bi om
tvans mitting UPRT
VART
manititg Rttiting
adds
the tyansmitting UARÍ
lotk Sianal
astead a cata
Patke bea tanufeed

Stalt and At biH

end th Daaatk
Thue biH defiot UART
J
kncuss Whon to iat} ths
Retithnq

Readin B
 a Slatl bit i
UART
dlteH ,

lhtn h Reltiurn
BH
a1 a Kno
Ho Read hw nloming
h bavd ale xpa
Data
oto o"
h peed
Baud h a l t ' S a Meauwr

5 po Setend (bps) Kamt band alt,

band aBe, b1 b
abou? -u a m
abov?
e

Be UARTS u bpthate al biH

Beh Abou) lo% bho h honing
(an pnly ddes y
a o

UART Transmi'S Sion h

eltiues
data,
to ranmi
)Tht ART that 's qoin
i0 pasalleoim
daa bus UART by Fnohes
Pmejhek
data Som a
dala o h UART by
is usea Jo Send
2) ghe Data bes
tolontso/leg.
Mivlontsolher.
oy
pv, Mempy
pasale)data 0m he
Devile Pasale data

transmiting,
UNRT e bi?,
Ates ag} bit padiy
data bus hun i adds a
b, (veaing h Dada patket
Patke
and aStop at
S oupo tria),bit by bii
4)Nexi
Dala Packe

h
y bbil
dala patka)bil by
UART ea
s7 Keteiuing
a RPin batk n to
Data batk
VART hsn lonvegd h
6 7 Rtleiriog
Rembue -H las bit
bit, pay bii &
and
asale tovm
ovm
Stop bi in
UART hufeh o Dala patkeB
h Retei'ng
finafina)l1, Ketpuin end.
Palale) t Dala Bey b hu
Kno

DaBu UAR1-1 uAR 1 2. pala Buy

Lath
animitled dala 'Ss nganiitr 10 o atkeH .

UPRT
lontainyIlas} bil, S 9 cata biH, an ophuna
pake
bi? and on lo1) two Atop BiK
Dasi Pake

1 Sto»!S to a Dada |o to1| to2|

Parik SoP
B' Bi h

f vemi
nomlly held
ntNallyheld
liv is
deda Tansmiion
vART
Stasi 3i Th ansmi Hing data

leve whon 'S no

UART
UAR
a hih Uoha data, h taansmitti
dankden bas llotk
Aas
ine son high o le (ror lo tw loH
banspmi'Sio0 to
Polls hov DART delerH th hih
Kettiving
bi in h dala fMat
hegins hladinq h
tansihon Yale
Yale.
baud
d Hepenty
a
lontainu
lonlainsh h
Atval Data
Ahral bang
baing
The deta ame
hame
if a

Dola ame vp to S biH oog

be sbi h
vons fes1ed
Can bi
bil iS yed,
yed, th
3 no Paliy
bil svsed
(ale h deta
PaSiy 4 bi loag. n mest
R a mu (an be

wi h th leest Sigoifilani bil i

Sen
 bi deltbes vene
Potity pasly UNRT
flumbel Pati Pali y bil isa la fo }h Releiving
el ao da la has thangp duving ansmion

odula patkel, h gndng

TAiga } tnd h
Step R onmisvion lins om 4 lou o Ha
louw lolHa
divehu Data
UDRT
e aleas) up bi durahun
a high oHag
 Schemel ustd in
fplain hu Dfee Sevia Data boasfe
(mmnilalion

Dnta Tont/e Shemte

Strial
Metho d, Beyial lommunilaion aKo °equn
ike
ike an
ao dala bansles
Fo eXample, whun
beluween he Sendes and Releiue
(bcdinati
h» san misio & whtn to end il, when br
Ho Atad Keleues S
PasHilu lat bit tDY by ends and ancthes begia, shon tu
need
netd fo
o)
and So ee lome ho
lxtee ded , 0n,

Copoti'y hha been

Receivel. A pwto(e
pototo
be)wlen thu Jendee t.h
Sunthie nizahon 1senumiShicn belween
belen
Sperihe e Yhods 4 (ondinading
deiots u Spttifi ogn
ena dela
a Sende & eteives fov eXomplP a

pe's Mug} Inditvidu a biH &bple tral

have
b h Releiung
uish i i dotsn't,twn
Rele aving p Con
Can dishng .

one
bn berin
and ntxt
n ext bes
Onu byle end
P Can' e
whe
ignal mest
ends AnA btfin. fo hu
bil J Reltive lan
he
he
in Juch o lay ha
Synrhenized Sends }han
damtte
istinge is h h biH byi
Ho be dioqvithud.

h two nds »lommuinlsiar

lommuis
hsoni2e
hese asy two aY
anmiKon.
Data
Sohont u
Dala
sansmi Shion.
1sangmi$ion.
A s t oth0nou
 Ayoehondu Dala 1anumiShon

ds i e s t n ) Signals, A
7he Ayoyhvno igoning Mehe vse
Gneher bil Sohon
ignel ndilay
poke
eady 00 th othe vg nt
to be baasheved i
thanmision, th eam dala
oSyothmnou ofvellaq
yenodt pulse of
pblse Veln
totoded Sent 00 t li, and a

anothel iu, had

hat
ohien a led th (oCk" Pu on

Keteives Abov gnoing Padingarhb

tloek

Dota

AsyathTo noud Data hansmiion

h atynthohoy Jignaling Method! e only Da Sigpa) Ths Keteivee

USu tanu ih o cn ha Ana to hiqoe bu} h hanimiHes bi)
lotal Clotk Tnelitate hn
ale
ate timing pulse %om h
biis That Mear Sythvonou 73anmi ioa Use
Aobth seody
a trtesna clotk, ohile ASythwne bamiion ase e

Spttic Aignaly along th tormisio) mediom ASyathwno

lommunlaHbn muhe in ho
Communitatio0 is lommo pseUal
PuSen (ompvtes Tnduty, duf to thu Rralenhas i) is
lavie o touod hal h Unique acvancq molbyti or
nee o lelait
henve ey ay fad y a no

bloc ku dala o altvmulale.

B77 Stopbit
I

Pi'/- AH AL
•
LJDde..
f>x BJ1 8L
Ddt-0-
CL
c~ = Cyt [: ~tra.
D~ brt DL
Shck "
'

~Po1n1er6Gl()d~n:u."x
~ .

5 :f'. So U-f'fCL :Jh=kX •

vr i,;;,,&rd.>< 'l' )'lbhucltan Po'•n-kr
SF' S½ic:k fo\rrk+ _, , .

Rar,
. '
. I \ .

2'0 Glv1 iV7JOf ~ . lrelu d-0 . t°~ lh · b+

y~W),j )cJr~ Ye~ , ,,1 ' '

foiYJ~ and Cf nJt.:x -R ~ . .a71d ¥a:R~LM ..

C,V\. ~ f.21:l'Y'P~
t
,_ - .
· · .· . .
.
.
,
I
'77fim_ t°U'( t brt ~ J ·~ "(~till, ir> .~ 'i
no.rm.,\t , A ~ 7 , o ,. ( ft J (3aoc tis _0,, Cou_~~(c0 I!
_ 0-nd D$to,0~ - . .
yuf'tv.J
tf' tvnd + .·
-1 .te, bH: Ow he. J/vickd int,, 1taD f1-b'i
~lvJ 0-b Lowl'ff
(PJn st:foLkcLlta, 'V~,L I
rvi~ ;,,,~ a 3k,y-t du.rra&m (JY ·. .

&w ~c:t {).)> a eountur ·

7 FlQ (_;fJ ·
\ .s l--+ <tv .1 1
1?-t »- -1vu. "(.wu.H e4- o. no t!l--rt:hi miic. J

locyteoJ CJra:tw'n -tJ(') AW ..U, ~,at·~ .

Ma®w,Con~ .
7n-k~Uft tkct en,,)
nk "r'Yurt .-bi e,r,abk / cJ;u.a-bk ha._ ,,d,tco
1
lnka'l'u.pt- pin '.J'.r-1.1\> . . ·
,j+ /,Vb 1%, ~b IL (Y)tu,1:<o-l:>1L i n ~ ,a_-rd

tb ~a_blL ¾u_ ,nk~· I'

l

l'rllf r~ CT e)
Jt <tl\af ~18 ynaclLV 1 ~YYV-1!-Wf'°CLNS2!'l0(<'~
Compt.d:r proro.m 'in ff(l.l ~ ~ T I 0,(1' .tLi.l>

t
t'tt_
'i' LLl"\nl rt°a" Of°1' ;,:flt,'a')
tt'af
.
.U rnqdL( 1.-thvr, ~7VO-Jt,a," exdu,l,u
pvorr7t11(11 t n .!Jintf- 8tcpfln~ rno::k , . .
. .
,
,'i
'9\t._cfe ${qip'1rig rrwck :u (µ..e.d- ct. dAiZt fu -eJr"6}5 ;tJ
~cowa,,-n , {! s~~kcj-~na,-·
X
t •
r
h-r& 508 s 0:w ~perra:1_
»u, p1n MNh~x

, r . i

t! i

avalla_~ on . ./11., dd:o._b,u, du.~~ --¼ne, T.:i-,"'fo;--rt<Jo.nd19

o.vdJahl,_ orJ .fhi ,,(}1ll, .
- f

35
1

A\ q {Sr, ~ , a,u . ~ed °'-~ fslg_Lw 'f,.,

r1i.
-

~f\V> ,1fu., · ~ S0 CM1ci S'y 1rx:hl_cJ.a, .._ctv - ,: '.

Ar~/s 5
"TTiw, IUU/2 /)Af !nLD ~rt1 ..
3:J-· A1~/s~
~ · A1t /.!3 :S-/ o oF~ w~ wlf1 FF' ~J u_ ::
1 9 ~ s.Wi.u l(\bOfmo-~ M ~d> ,I
1'r1 [h:u,c. ·tr l'.l/r:1 I Tw c<J)J ry .
S .5 Y - 0pe.rccfil.b "' -
0 0 E ~b-a Se ~ i
\ 0
~~Jer":f
~(~t
ok~ir
:. P,.,.,3 c+ C&t rs/s,J
·~ ·is~
&ii /Jct 0~ ~'< l3v,1 ~1:,':°hl.Lfe~ .

uwJ iv /n~ fA.t fraoft"' 6/- cJ4a 1l~

-o ; Cb,5-D3) claio. bw
hu1~~

c---7'

BHE fs!:t A-o

n

jt M c;i() a ~· ~to YWd &,'~

'

.c:l) .po<~
'

Wht.n . RD 0c b, " tty yecp O f ~ :

' ' > • . ? • ' '

Cu~~-hti~ ~~ledf, ~ . "C(od 1~ 1c:fmJ

~-stait. . .. I

\_ I • l

P1'0 nJRtADY) ,i- . .. ,

j t- M'l ae:hiye, &u',f, ·c9~ &m:: cu. an ac mtl)t}i
...-fy\ffit To ~DU afrtur- C,om~OJ 9/- ddfo._
~w ciw1CV, frY\.UYU)'1 . ·
Pin ti t .f JJTR).'
, _Tnte_~ YUJL-WJ ..ib ct /e_v<l -b,a'ff,yd_ irp,rt ·
~l- c!-d:0-.t·nLrU.J -tfu_ cwcu.b lJ a. ,y-9)--url~/~ 4l1tt ,1
doh{_ bo/ 1-k .1'NTP • UJ~ .U
1 weur
S ~ o;J.
.):h,t_ Utd
 •

P,'n 17 CN _M2-J ~- .
~on .+1(16kaUt. i(.)1:C-'l"YVfi ffi ah,o(J).tUd e ~ ,l,\~

lnpui. . . .
H ~-2-lri-/.L~ "1ht- NM2 ('.anM't ·

64a~ h~.· pvor()') \Mtruobru

ftn.2-1 [REsr,J .
1fu. ~'l<l 1
-k-"l'riii.~ {ri Wl Ctl"1'f(11t \~fwdwn a/:)1
°'
ti~ ,l1uwb.on .'f"7 YY.J FF rr I{, to vtU'l ay1. acw-'l ·fud,i .
Input ls ~rto i-1 ; ., . - __ . · ·· ·
~~&Fr pl() .l t, lnwm:illt, Md '1WCt,.VU _

act.:.v-e. f>1 @Jttrut f>u.'f clock .

fin 11 CtLK)!r
c1xk input pvovid.tJ - -ij,t_,r4 -f;o r tPl'.J QJ()q crl/ .

llctw Hv.1 Ot)' bw> Co'11~ .. . · .· - ·

',.
foy d i ~ I i ~ . f\' ~i,cloclc r;furr.uPJt . j,

f'O-Y!g'J t;,vm . 51"'1 1,/'t V5 ICM .'-

 P}n ,4-o(Vcs) .
, 1_j_.6V' in op~
Thu tkt_. f'C~ 9upp·½J pin c-, .J ,
1

I.
,n~cJ Clruu±
I
I

'
Pin L(G-, N Q)
. 6rmu pl f1 , , to , fn-16Ylo.1 et'Ytltl I
I
' f ( I f
I

Mo ,
,.,. 1't1-<.fY1um Mock
· ,. :,<· t,ffl '1~
1
,,f~ Cl .:l.YVff- in
~C>S G 1, W><.d. . th! Sy.;.,, .,
ht.Fnll'YU.tm mvdcU I.IJ)(l)i · .Yn -:thL!l .' '
if V fj,t,

g\ fYlililly iv i .P<(5 5 5t'"ttn,

' ..
A-tl ttri ConW U/U Rv, WP I Mf!o 1
AU>

_,cw.- ~aiuJ- b1J ~of d~· ,:

041
2 , Nw·nb-v,, -~ &;ioof 1{ 1 ! ' ~ r9f!liCJ rw. .Jy,b
lt I _(;~ • • ,

4, .Tt- -~ {a)Y]t'.tiu( !~,p~ v©~ ,c+!f10 '.

t II fYJOK- prtJCu>5o ,r p.,-zz To lo.{__

-tka,i' /()
ltti g'f'~ -tiurJ IYJ~\mt.m mock :U, W<d , , .
,,,,,,,--
?1 f'i u,«1 be.,\~ ConW .911~ tW- rna>L o.,v,d ·:a_;,,,,
-lo i t ~ ~Gimf

'-
J \ -b eorYY\LG-trd i:o r u Yi) d .
·-'
g 0~6 tv1 ,~c'lOy:n'°~O'Y <> ) 4-o f~
G\ND '---"' f\-0 . V Cc__
ADt4- 2 34 At:> 1s-
A'Dr~ 3 :)~
Air c,/E>3
AD,? 4- 3=1-
A81~/~q,
A!)n 5 3(, A9 li /.£5
At\o 3S- A·r9 /s,
ADq
-:+ 34 8Hc I~-.
g,3
tv)tJ/M){
Ab2 8 22
~J) -
-1-<D=\ y i
31 ~I Gtrb
8086
.'3()
Ro tGn;
AD, LJf"
I
ADs . ~t2..
I I,
< ~-

-
------- ...

- ·;· ..24 [06;

--
-AO<\ L-j
13
:2-&\:]~
AD3
r4
:J-5 w 61.s-o
AD,- 94
AD, 15
,
2..3
AOo W 1~ _:22-I] <QfAP"J
NM W'T c·
-,_o cRr;:t.F T
'.IN
C Lt<
iR gl g l"t
-·l CA
'
'2-C>
G,MD
01• - ' \ ··'"' =-:_. t'-'.2"'._,_,
 Dsaw
aw the.
the inieface ciwcuit domam of UART
and Svplain the fundion of eoch block in detoil

ALcD Tilevfate with micyocontyolley

LCD rjer to iquid Cystal disphy
means SiCUs in
tue wse 16x2 Lcol which
line and
thich 16 characes Can be displage d n

Sach chavacter Si3e 5 6 7 Mlatal'y Piyel

6X2 LCD have 16 Pins divided tnto 5 Cateqoxies

lPower Pins . Contsast Pin 3. Contol Pins 4.Dta Pins
anol 5. Bar klight Pins.

-Ground pin, Connedled o Ground|

llowes pins: a. vss
o. VDD o Vcc - +5V, Voltaqe pin.

Contsast Pin:Va /vec

Conthrast setting. Conneled to Vcc thosovgh
Vasiable iesieto
3 Contyol Pin Pin y RS Reai stye Select Pin
Pin
Pin 5 RW Reod / wrte
PinG E Cnalble Pim
In Pin 4 Re = o Commamd moole
RS 1 Dato mode

Tn Pin5 2h RW =o wrte mode

Rw Reod moole
Enable in hgh to lou pulse
In PinG
be enable he LCD.
nced-to

pins i.e Dotr D+

t4, Dala Pins: to 1
ins ve data pins
 Conecled t +5 V
5. Back fiqht Pi 15 LED pins
t6 LCD Pin Comnected to Ch3ouna.

LCD

-YTALI Poo/AD
P ADI-38
P2 A D-3
16KTAL2 Pa 3AD3-36
PuuAPy35
R S/ADs4
P6 6(ADG
RST Pa+Ao?
Pa As
P /A9 E
Pa 2/Aio
P2 2
PsEN 25-
Pa u/A2
ALE hsAI3
3 CA o5/ 6/A 14
Pa7/A15|28.
0
IC

Pa.0RxDIO
P.i0/12
P.11/T26 Pa-/Txo
P12 P3.2/1NTO
P 3/INIT 2
u7-3 P3.14/To
P3.5/T5
P5
PI P36/uR6
3 9/RDT
P
 EA iS active signal- ¬xtevnal access enoble pin:
indicates that oS Can address Extevnal
EA=o
Pyoqram memOry . e i t CcnExcevte a

Pooqsarm in Eyternal memovy

XTLI and XTL2

This re 'mbuilt osillalors which olesivexs

clock fveajvency oY the opevation oh
meccasavy
the Combyolers

HPovides basic iming CovTttol to +he

mico ottoo |la ano ts pheipheyals

RST 4is vse to oset miCYOContyollar to ts

itial valves

VeCPoudex SuPply

Tn LcD do-da dota pins are (onnected to

Port CP2-o to P a . ) in micYo(ontyollex.

-
Cottsol pins Rs, RW,E ave Conmeded to pot 3 2,314)
othe micvo(ovsbolleY. LCD
ancd PIN 1S (Backlight Sopply) of
-PIN 2(VDD) and
ond PIN (Vss) and
ave Connected to voltage 5V
ave tonnected to qround
PIN C(Backlighi ground)
trough
Connected to voltaqe (Vcc)
Pin 3(vo) is the contrast
veststoY of lok to adjust
Vaiable
a Yesistor is
the voiable
f LCDMddle leq d Conneted
to PN3
and other fuoo legs cve
(onnectcd
Sepply and Gvound.
to votage
 with micyo-
Keu
4. ste about Key pad ivileyBocing
-Cotsolle
An Keypads oye inpot devices used in vatoos electhronics
ond tmbeddod projecks
hey One Used to tzuke inputs in the orms of
number s and olphabels
le ose going to inertace a 4 4 Matiix keyboaro
wi 8051 mICYOControlley.
4 matfix keypod
Belore intertang toith micolonbiolley rst we
need to Undeystand how ts to0TKS
Mohix keebovds Congists of Posh bttons ohish
intevconnedted.

le oYe USin d A Matrix Keypod in wohich theye

4 Push bottons in ecch c touy TOOs
4 TOLOS
4 Columns
need to Connect eyminads to any port 8) pins
of the micoContsoler we havNe Lonnecled Keypad
teyminals to bOST

4 4Pins tolum One Lonnecled to P2 and xOCOS ave

(onnetted Post-1
- Micotonholey Con read he datoa enly from inpot
povt ie. P2
It Cant
Cant Cad dota tvom YO LOS So pOrtl act as cutpUL
Ahen everu any Key 1s pyessed need to qet
Me
the lotation boton means Oyes ponding yoco ano
Lolum
all
all columns oye tonnecled to Sv pouoty Supply Gnd
all rous pin Ode Conneced to qyound
 Cu

u.4K
Do M
D

D M
Pors
(ovt)
D3 D PDo t 2

Every time MiCTOCont

hen evey Key is pre ssed o w yO and column CO
twll be short So YO-c8=0.So changed value s illO.
Some wa
SO miCYOController Came to KnolO Key
Pvessed
So miCoContyotleY oants to tind Yow because columns

alweady changed.
make all Coleumns into I
micretontrolley il
Aqain
and all Y OUS make it tul except 0. YO =0 tt
SO
So
trst vow it any Key pressed in first
t Veity
Ow c0 Value will chanac
aqain and
microcontoley ill find column and Yow
S
tey and it toiu take On lcd
Tespective
i i l ind vespett
Asc and pastícular key toill display
Key
5@Oxaw the
intesfate CinCut diaqyam o AD DAC

avd Exploin its opevaton

'm didal
CwiH 05|
Iretate with mmcdoConholler %051
Coes have
micyo onolley wth &osl P
.Most modex
MCS-5l
nbuilt ADC. older Veysions ofsosl iKe the
on-Chip ADc. The'vefoYe
and A7 89051 do not have
SenSoYS
these miCo Cont3ollexs to analoq
to Connect
miCvocontoller needs
needs to
Sensos. the
1Ke tempevaluse Values
Valves to
to
to an ADC. Tt Convets the analbq
be
be hooKed
POCess
Can
values. which the micvoconholle
digital CanI
houw we
and understand. Hexe is
19 ond 20.
cisCuit to pins 19 and
the osllatox
Connect
amd two CaracitoYS
(apactoYs
oscillaloy
This includes a Cystal pins. a s
oas
shou
tnom
m
them to he pins.
Connec
of
O 22f each
the diasam EA Pin and
one ed of he Capoacito? to the
Conneel
iesislex. Connect this es, sto to the
the other to the
Shown
diagram
in the diagram
as
RST Pin, pOst,
POrt, we hav
So we havc
the input
we
We ave USing post 1 a s
of he ADC to post 1
Connected the out put pols
8odiler the ogo8 does not have an

As
As metioned .

Connect an exfernal
herefove, we have to
intenal clock: clock to pin 1o.
he Exteyna
clock Connect aCCo% ding to the
+) to a Voltage Souvce
Connect Vief
you need
aep
icp 12e
Connect the SenSor to any
analog SenSotu any
Gxound Vsef (-) and
the ADC. we have
f the analog mput Pins on
 Connected aVariCble esisto to INT2 for

getling Vayiable Uoltaqe oal he pin.

ALE pinsto e
Connect ADDA, ADD B, ApDC and
Port
port
to selectinq the input analoq
micoConholley
we houe Connected ADD A -P2.0; ADD G P21;ADD
-

P2-2 ond the ALE PIN

to povt 2 h.
stort to
the Contol pins Stoaxt. oe a n d
Connect as louds
miCoConollex. These pins ave Connected
the
and ¬oc-Post27
n ouh (ae stot Povt 2-6 o¬ rt-9,5
intevtace he Bo5 with ADC o808,
+5V
VCC

RD0E) Vief tt) -2.56V

P2,5 WRSC) INo
P26 DO NA
PI O TN2 OK
1N|
NY
8051 NS
ADCOBOT
ING
CLOCK sTo-se

Pl.+ ALE
P2.4 P24 INTR CS
P2.t AB C GtND
Slepl: Set the post you Connecled to the output lines
nes
of Hhe ADC as an input Poxt
step Make the povt Connected to Coc in high
The eaSon for donghis«thot the ADC
Sends a high to low Signal when he
CoVoxsion of dota S ne
Compele. So this ine
neeols to e igh So thot the mitio Contoller
Con detect the change.
Connede to
Slep3: clea the odato hnes twhich ave

Pins ALE. START and 0¬ as all hese pins

cctvated
Tequre a low to High pulse to qel
to the
to the inpul
inpol
Step 4: Selec the dato lines accoding Selea
Sele~l he
to Selea. To do this the
ant d
Poit you to Low pulse
dota limes and Send a High
address.
the
the ALE pin to Select inpil
hove Selecledthe analo9
5: Alow that we
step to start the ConveY
ConveY
tetl the ADC
Pin. we Con to the
to s7ART pim
he START pim.
a pulse
Sion by Sending Siqnal oy Poll1g
pollimg
High
to low Signal loy
wat toY the
Sstep 6:
the Coc pin
hiqh aqa.
Stepa: oart for the Signal to 9et
Converteo dato by
Sendinga
éxtsact he
step pin
the of. Pin
Signalto
High to low
 DAC Tvtesfate with MC 8051.
DAC Corverts is A Device ohich
tonverts
Digital To Analog Sional
8 Bt DAC O808. his IC Conveys Digtal Data To Anoalog
CUrent
DAC OB08 Provides 266 Discete Voltaae Levels ot Cutpot
0ACO8O% C s bsed în opplications tohere a diqitul td
anotoq torversio ís eauied he elip Uked e
Popolay decade ago and ts applications u8td to be many
ut ataresent theve ore many modeyne ohich Can
perioymn DAC uith highey vesolutton Speed and citiciency
So this device is moinly USed tor yeterenxe and. beginne
applkcaRons
ppltcaons and Fov advance pplicatieons
nbMing mre.
micromeer (ortrolley thDAC eatue or DA¢ Lt with
Sesial intytate is Prelevred at pyegent
t5
RO Vcc M n
Vdefe
PL.0 00 O0T M
DAC OBD&
8051 4u

VOUt - 0
PA
MP GiND
5K
Explanalíon
device DACO8O8 We need tuoo
For wovKing o as shown in diaqram
+5V And1SV
Voltage
Voltaqe Sources
drawback whtch s eliminattd n
This
This 1s amajoY
fyom a Single poweY
modern DAC to make them work
SoUTCe ad are
ane given to the chip
¬ieht digital inpots from MSB to LSB
to be in ordey veierence
3upposed connetted as
Y eterence

8oUYCe 1s
A A+loDV poweY vefeyente
device and he negative
Voltoge for the
iS gounded

WorKing 8bit data foTm a

dcvice taks in paroalle

The that data n to analoq
analog
micToContolley
(onverts
and
And the analog output form
Outputfomm
+he outpot.
Signal at nceded to be hfs
is aCuTTent uantty and
DAC kov vsing in applícation
in application
in to voltage payamettY
Convered
U T r e n parametey
nin to
to Voltaqe
VolHtoqe
Conveyt the
ecsly So to Sircuit. This op-amp
we will ose op-amp
OYAmety Conveytty
Calles Ctmrent -to -

voltage
c ircuit is voltoge fsom op-amp is in
amloe analoq
. The output valut and hene DAC
otth input digit
linear elatíon DACob08 í3 ackhieved-
wit
convesfon