Name: Sarthak Dadkar . Class: S.Y. Btech . Batch: B .

Roll No.: 1032211111 Expt. No. 7

Performed on:_____________. Submitted on:____________. Teacher’s Sign.:____________.

To determine filter medium resistance and cake resistance by using

Vacuum leaf filter.

Purpose of the experiment:-

To study leaf filter and variation of rate of filtration with time due to formation of filter cake.

Instruments:-
Leaf filter assemble, CaCO3 powder, stopwatch.

Theory:-
The separation of solid from a suspension in a liquid by means of porous medium or screen which
retains the solid and allow the liquid to pass is termed filtration.

Principle of filtration

In filtration the feed to be handling is formed as slurry the weight of deposited solid on porous
membrane is called cake and the clear liquid leaving the filtered filter medium is termed as filtrate.
During the initial period of flow, solid particle one trapped within the pores of medium forming
true filter medium. The liquid passes through the bed of solids and through filtration medium. In
early stage of filtration the rate of filtration is high as the cake thickness increases the rate of
filtration decreases for a given pressure differential occurs the filter medium. This is due to the fact
that as cake gradually builds upon the medium the resistance to flow increases.

Factors which affects the rate of filtration:

a) The drop pressure from the feed to the fear side of the filter medium.
b) The area of filtering surface.
c) The viscosity of the filled cake.
d) The resistance of the filled cake.
e) The resistance of the filter medium and initial layer of cake
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f) Temperature.

Leaf filter consist of number of leaves support on a rigid frame work and with filter discharge pipe.
The slurry enters the tank and is forced under pressure to the filter cloth where the cake is deposited
on the outside of the leaf. The filtrate will flow inside the hollow frame work and out of filter. The
dump is withdrawn from the tank and this replaced by wash liquids so that it is not necessary to
move the leaf assembly. The filter apparatus under reduce pressure so that the pressure difference is
minimum. Process leaf filters are designed for final discharge of solid in either dry or weight, under
totally enclosed condition with fully automatic operations.

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Procedure:-
1) Prepare two liter slurry of 3% (w/w) CaCO3.
2) Add the slurry to the filtration unit and starts stirring.
3) Let the level of liquid in cylinder collecting the filter.
4) Start the vacuum pump and stop watch.
5) Note down the time with rise in height at a distance of 5 cm.
6) Continue with this procedure till height reach is 50 cm.
Observations and calculations:-
1) Diameter of pipe (D) : 5.2 cm
𝜋
2) Area of pipe (A)= 𝐷2 = 21.237 cm2
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Time Height(cm) Volume (cm3) Flow rate (cm3/s)

(Sec)
6.3 10 212.37 33.71
13.54 15 318.56 23.53
21.85 20 424.74 19.44
30.79 25 530.93 17.24
41.42 30 637.11 15.38
54.34 35 743.30 13.67
68.19 40 849.48 12.46
82.34 45 955.67 11.61
99.79 50 1061.85 10.64

107.72 55 1168.04 10.84

Calculations:-
V(volume of filtrate collected cm3 ) = A (area of pipe cm2 ) × Height(H cm)

cm3 V(volume of filtrate collected cm3 )

Flowrate (Rate of filtration )=
s Time required (sec)

Graphs:- Plot the graph of

Time vs Flow rate

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 Time vs Volume

S. Y. B. Tech. Academic Year 2022-23 Trimester:

R101
SCIENCE & ENGG LABORATORY CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT RUBRIC
COURSE: EXPT NO.:

EVALUATOR: DATE:

STUDENT:

SCALE
DIMENSION SCORE
1 2 3 4 5
Performed and
Performed on Performed on
Regularity submitted later Performed and
Did not schedule; schedule;
and than scheduled submitted as per
Perform/submit submitted two submitted one
punctuality date with schedule
weeks later week later
permission
Neither shows
Understands Understands
any Can only state
States the objective but objective and can
Understanding understanding of the objective but
objective very cannot place it relate it to an
the Objective the objective nor shows poor
vaguely in context of a appropriate theory
can relate it to understanding
theory topic topic
theory
Follows right Follows right Follows right
Cannot follow
Follows the procedure; but procedure, can procedure, can
Understanding the procedure
procedure half- cannot analyzed analyzed data analyze data and
of Procedure and do any
heartedly data and but cannot interpret it with
work
interpret interpret justification
Performs the Performs
Performs
Performs the experiment with experiment on
experiment on
experiment only some supervisory own without
Does not own without
Experiment with the help from help, forgets supervisor’s help
participate in the supervisor’s help;
Skills supervisor/others some crucial and records all the
experiment records all the
and is confused readings. Is readings properly.
readings properly
and untidy. confused and Keeps the set-up
but is untidy.
untidy. clean and tidy.
Completes the Completes the Produces his own Produces his own
result analysis result analysis result analysis but result analysis
Copies the results with help from with help from blames others for faith fully and
Ethics
from others others but forgets others and any inadequacy owns up the
to acknowledge acknowledges found during the results without
the help. the help. examination any manipulation
Total

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T

Teacher’s Signature with Date Student’s Signature with Date