MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

LESSON 11: UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI

TEXT AND INFORMATION HIGHER SCHOOL NG UMAK
MEDIA
Time Started : ___________
Time Ended : ___________

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
– identify the basic elements in creating a text-based presentation;
– evaluate the text-based presentation through the design principles and elements; and
– create a text-based presentation (campaign poster) by using design principles and elements.

INTRODUCTION/KEY POINTS

I am Attorney Juan
Santiago of XDeals Law
Firm.
Congratulations! Your SIM
card number has been
chosen in our raffle draw.
You have won 5,000 pesos.
Please give us your bank
account number so we can
deposit your reward. For
more details, please contact
me.
Read the text message then answer the following
questions.
1. What is the tone of this fraudulent message?
(enticing, scary, informative, formal, encouraging,
etc.)
2. Why do you think Filipinos fall for this kind of
fraudulent or scam text message?
3. Do you think that text-based messages are
powerful? Why or why not?

Text – a simple and flexible format of presenting information or conveying ideas whether hand-
written, printed or displayed on-screen.
– Formal text-based materials are created and distributed by established institutions (such as
publishing companies, news agencies, etc.) and go through a rigorous process of editing or
evaluation and are usually governed by censorship of the state.
– Informal text-based materials, on the other hand, come from personal opinions or views on
different issues, processes, etc.

Informal-text based materials

Formal-text based materials

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 MIL L11: TEXT AND MEDIA
INFORMATION

Typeface (also called font, font type, or type) refers to the representation or style of a text in
the digital format.
A typeface is usually comprised of alphabets, numbers, punctuation marks, symbols and other
special characters. When fonts are installed in the computer, they usually come in file formats such as
True Type Font (.ttf), Open Type Font (.otf), etc.
In the absence of images or drawings, text is the easiest way of communicating to your
audience. The use of various font types can express different emotions or meaning

TYPES OF TYPEFACES
SAMPLE FONT
TYPE DEFINITION EXAMPLE
STYLE
It connotes formality and readability in Times New
large amount of texts. This font is usually Roman
Serif used for the body text of books, Garamond
newspapers, magazines and research Baskerville
publication. Bookman Old
Also, serif fonts give a classic or elegant Style
look when used for title or heading.

Sans It brings a clean or minimalist look to the

text. This font is used for clear and direct
Arial
Helvetica
Serif meaning of text Tahoma
Verdana
such as road signage, building directory or
nutrition facts in food packages. Calibri
Also, sans serif fonts give a
modern look and is used primarily in
webpage design.
Slab It carries a solid or heavy look to text. Rockwell
Can be used for large advertising sign on Playbill
Serif billboards. GOUDY
STOUT
It draws much attention to itself because of Edwardian
Script its brush-like strokes. This must be used Vladimir
sparingly and not to be used in large body Kunstler
text.
This font is usually used in wedding
invitation cards or other formal events.
It caters to a wide variety of emotions (such Chiller
Decorative as celebration, fear, horror, etc.) or themes Jokerman
(such as cowboys, circus, holidays, summer, Curlz MT
kiddie, etc.)

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ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
 MIL L11: TEXT AND MEDIA
INFORMATION
DESIGN ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES

The principles in designing text elements are Emphasis, Appropriateness, Proximity, Alignment,
Organization, Repetition and Contrast

Design Principle Definition Examples

Emphasis It refers to the importance or value given to a part of the text-
based content. When trying to make a point or highlighting a
message, you can make the text bold, italicized, have a
heavier weight, darkened or lightened (depending on your
background color) or
enlarged.
Appropriateness It refers to how fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific
audience, purpose or event. In the creation of text-based
content, make sure that the selection criteria (tone, style,
purpose, clarity) is followed. As for the choice of typefaces to
be used, refer to the discussion of the characteristics of the
fonts. When it comes to large body text, the font should be
clear enough to read.
Proximity It refers to how near or how far are the text elements from
each other. When two things are closely related, we bring them
close
together. Otherwise, we put text elements far from each other.
For example, the main title and subtitle are usually placed
close to each
other.
Alignment It refers to how the text is positioned in the page. This can be
left, right, center or justified.

Organization It refers to a conscious effort to organize the different text

elements in a page. Organization ensures that while some text
elements are separated from each other (based on the
principle of proximity), they are still somehow connected with
the rest of the elements in the page. When there are many
elements needed to fit in a page, start by creating a
framework or a compartment for the elements
Repetition It concerns consistency of elements and the unity of the entire
design. Repetition encourages the use of repeating some
typefaces within the page.
When several typefaces are used on a page, it might distract
the audience and fail to communicate what you want them to
get from the content. To strike a
balance, do not also use just a single typeface for a visual
design product.
Contrast It creates visual interest to text elements. Contrast is achieved
when two elements are different from each other.
Contrast can be achieved in various ways, by joining the
following elements: large font with a small font, serif and sans
serif, thin elements with thin elements, cool color and
warm color.

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ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
 MIL L11: TEXT AND MEDIA
INFORMATION

G – Create a typography poster to promote the symposium (presentation) regarding

your future technology proposal
R – You are the producer and speaker of the event.
A – Technology and media enthusiasts, students, teachers, others
S – There are a lot of new devices invented every day. Choose existing
invention/technology and enhance its features. Pitch in your ideas then make a
future technology proposal.
P – Technology proposal with presentation and portfolio
S – Using the “Pecha Kucha” style of presentation, pitch in your idea about future
technology. Prepare your portfolio and speech. See the rubrics for guidelines.

Excellent Good Satisfactory Fair Needs

Criteria
(5) (4) (3) (2) Improvement (1)
Communication The combination There is evidence There is little sign There is a The poster is either
to the audience of elements takes of the use of text of mutual random use of empty
communication to and other elements reinforcement elements to and plain or
a superior level. combined to among the text communicate confusing and
adequately elements. the message. cluttered.
deliver a high
impact message.
Organization The organization The organization Some elements There is an There is no clear
of Elements of elements is of elements is clear seem misplaced organization of organization of
smartly thought of. and direct. or not organized. the elements, but the elements
it is confusing.
Mechanics All words are Most words are Most words are Grammar and Many words are
spelled correctly; spelled correctly; spelled correctly misspelled words misspelled and
proper proper and have few are there are a lot of
punctuation, and punctuation and grammar errors. overwhelming, grammar errors.
correct grammar correct grammar but message can
are employed. are employed. still be
understood.
Readability All words are Most words are Words are Some words are Words are not
carefully chosen; carefully chosen with less not appropriate; carefully chosen;
Writing is clear chosen; writing is care; writing is writing is writing is unclear.
and legible; clear and sometimes unclear.
legible. legible. unclear.

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ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT
 MIL L11: TEXT AND MEDIA
INFORMATION

ASSIGNMENT
Make your research. Research about visual elements and identify patterns and designs suited to your
typography poster. Try to fill out the table below.

Component Guide Questions Answers

Target audience Who is your intended audience?
Sender/author Who is the producer?
(Company/Industry)
Purpose What is your purpose?
Key Content What is your topic or message?
What are the facts?
Form/ Style How will you present the information?
What design principles and elements
will you use?
Medium/ Format What platform will you use? Why?

REFERENCES
– E-Learning Guide on Media and Information Literacy. Retrieved from
https://sites.google.com/view/elearningmil/lessons/the-evolution-of-media-from-traditional-to-new-media
– The Elements of Graphic Design. Retrieved from http://lthscomputerart2.weebly.com/the-elements--principles-of-graphic-
design.html
– Teaching Guide for Senior High School MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY by The Commission on Higher Education in
collaboration with the Philippine Normal University
Images from:
– Cellphone: https://www.dlf.pt/pngs/256586/
– HSBC: https://www.crowdspring.com/blog/choosing-fonts-for-business/
– Linked In: https://www.crazyegg.com/blog/psychology-of-fonts-infographic/
– Coca-Cola: https://www.britishlogodesign.co.uk/font-matters-2/
– Honda: https://newlyn.typenetwork.com/gallery/item/newlyn-logo-design-honda
– Disney: https://www.companyfolders.com/blog/font-psychology-how-typefaces-hack-our-brains
– Emphasis: http://lthscomputerart2.weebly.com/the-elements--principles-of-graphic-design.html
– Appropriateness: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_Games
– Proximity: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/470555861039726815/
– Alignment: https://254-online.com/alignment-principle-design/
– Organization: https://www.makesigns.com/tutorials/
– Repetition: https://www.sitepoint.com/harmony-in-design-part-2-repetition/
– Contrast: https://blog.nus.edu.sg/3217w1/2019/03/03/design-principles
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ABM & LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT