Métodos de solución en sistemas de ecuaciones lineales

Taller-práctico

Linda Carolina Zambrano León

Facultad de Ingeniería de Software, Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana

Algebra lineal

Paula Karina Robles Suarez

Marzo 26, 2023

 Sustitución:

21𝑦 + 30 − 8y 4(24)
1. 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 15 = 18 15 −
3 1(13)
𝑥=
2𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 18 3
13𝑦 + 30
= 18
3 96
3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 15 15 −
13
𝑥=
18x 3−30 3
𝟏𝟓 − 𝟒𝐲 y=
𝑥= 13
𝟑 195−96
13
y=
54−30 𝑥=
3
2𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 18 13

𝟐𝟒 99
15 − 4y y= 𝑥 = (13)(3)
2( ) + 7𝑦 = 18 𝟏𝟑
3

24 99
30 − 8y
+ 7𝑦 = 18 15 − 4
13
𝑥 = 39
3 𝑥=
3
𝟑𝟑
(3x 7y) + 30 − 8y
= 18 𝑥 = 𝟏𝟑
3

2
2. 6𝑥 + 12𝑦 = −30 −6(– 5 – 2y) − 14𝑦 = 32 −𝑦=2
−6𝑥 − 14𝑦 = 32
30 + 12y − 14𝑦 = 32
𝑦=−1
6𝑥 + 12𝑦 = −30
30 − 2𝑦 = 32
𝑥 = – 5 – 2(−1)
−30 − 12y
𝑥= 6 32 − 30
−𝑦= 𝑥=–5+2
2

𝑥 = – 5 – 2y
𝑥=–3
 6 9 3 (−16)9 y + 2 −𝟐𝟑
3. 𝑥− 𝑦= (30) +9𝑦=5 𝑦=
5 10 15 12 𝟗
4 3 1
− 15 𝑥 + 20 𝑦 = 12 (60)
−144 y− 32 −23
+9𝑦=5 9(
9
)+2
12 𝑥=
12
mcm (5, 10, 15) = 30
−144 y 32
mcm (15, 20, 12) = 60 +9𝑦=5+ −207
12 12
+2
9
𝑥=
12
36 𝑥 − 27 𝑦 = 6 −144 y+12(9y)
=
12(5)+32
12 12
− 16 𝑥 + 9 𝑦 = 5 −207+18
9
−144 y+108y 60+32 𝑥=
= 12
12 12
36 𝑥 − 27 𝑦 = 6
−189
−36y −92
= 9
𝑥=
27 y + 6 12 12 𝑥=
12
36

𝟗𝐲+𝟐
(12) − 36𝑦 = − 92 𝑦 (12) −189
𝑥= 𝑥=
𝟏𝟐 108
− 432𝑦 = − 1104 𝑦
9y+2 −𝟕
− 16 ( )+9𝑦=5 𝑥=
12
−1104 𝟒
𝑦= 432

Igualación:

4. 𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −14 2𝑦 + 5𝑦 = 7 + 14 𝑥 – 5(3) = −14

𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 7
7𝑦 = 21 𝑥 – 15 = −14
𝑥 = −14 + 5𝑦
𝑦 = 21 / 7 𝑥 = −14 + 15
𝑥 = 7 − 2𝑦

y=3 𝑥=1
−14 + 5𝑦 = 7 − 2𝑦
 38
5. 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 −20 + 8𝑥 = −1 − 3x +𝑦=5
11
3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = −1
3 𝑥 + 8𝑥 = − 1 + 20 38
𝑦=5− 11
𝑦 = 5 − 2𝑥
−1 − 3x 11𝑥 = 19
𝑦= 𝑦=
55−38
−4
11
𝟏𝟗
𝑥 = 𝟏𝟏
−𝟏 − 𝟑𝐱
5 − 2𝑥 = 𝑦=
𝟏𝟕
−𝟒
𝟏𝟏
19
2(11) + 𝑦 = 5
−4(5 − 2𝑥) = −1 − 3x

6. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 13 y + 12𝑦 = 13 – 57 𝟏𝟑(𝟏𝟑)+(𝟏)𝟒𝟒
3𝑥 =
𝟏𝟑
𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 19
13𝑦 = – 44
𝟏𝟔𝟗+𝟒𝟒
𝑥=
13 − y 3𝑥 =
3
𝟏𝟑
−44
y= 13
𝑥 = 19 + 4𝑦
𝟐𝟏𝟑
𝟏𝟑
−𝟒𝟒 𝑥=
𝟏𝟑 − 𝐲 3𝑥 + ( 𝟏𝟑 ) = 13 𝟑
19 + 4𝑦 = 𝟑

𝟐𝟏𝟑
𝟒𝟒 𝑥=
3(19 + 4𝑦) = 13 − y 3𝑥 = 13 + 𝟑𝟗
𝟏𝟑

𝟕𝟏
57 + 12𝑦 = 13 − y 𝑥=
𝟏𝟑
 900
7. 5𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 72 –864 + 60 𝑥 = 1296 – 216 12𝑦 = 72 -
23
18𝑥 − 12𝑦 = 108 𝑥
1656− 900
12𝑦 =
72 – 5x 23
𝑦= 216 𝑥 + 60 𝑥 = 1296 +
12
756
864 12𝑦 =
108 – 18x 23
𝑦= −12
756
276 𝑥 = 2160 23
𝟕𝟐 – 𝟓𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟖 – 𝟏𝟖𝐱 𝑦=
= 12
𝟏𝟐 −𝟏𝟐
2160
𝑥= 276
756
–12(72 – 5 𝑥) = 12(108 – 𝑦= 276
𝟏𝟖𝟎
18 𝑥) 𝑥= 𝟐𝟑
𝟔𝟑
𝑦= 𝟐𝟑
180
5( 23 ) + 12𝑦 = 72

Reducción:

8. 70𝑥 + 21𝑦 = −112 𝑥 = −1 21𝑦 = −112 + 70

27𝑥 − 21𝑦 = 15
−42
70(−1) + 21𝑦 = −112 𝑦=
97 𝑥 / = − 97 21

−70 + 21𝑦 = −112

𝑥 = − 97 / 97 𝑦=−2

9. 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 33 𝑦=6 3𝑥 = 33 – 30
−𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −13 (3)
3
3𝑥 + 5(6) = 33 𝑥=3
3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 33
−3𝑥 − 6𝑦 = −39 3𝑥 + 30 = 33
𝑥=1
/ −𝑦=−6
 22
10. 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4 (−2) 𝑦=
𝟏𝟎
2𝑥 =
𝟑 3
4𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 38
10 22
2𝑥 – ( 3 ) = 4 3
−4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −8 𝑥=
2
4𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 38 10
2𝑥 = 4 + ( 3 ) 22
𝑥= 6
/ + 9 𝑦 = 30
4(3)+(1)10
2𝑥 = 𝟏𝟏
3
30
𝑥= 𝟑
𝑦= 9
12+10
2𝑥 =
3

16 70
11. 2𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 14 2𝑥 + 7(13) = 14 2𝑥 = 13
−𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1 (2)
16 70
2𝑥 = 14 – 7(13) 13
2𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 14 𝑥=
2
−2𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 2 112
2𝑥 = 14 – 70
13
/ + 13 𝑦 = 16 𝑥= 26
182− 112
𝟏𝟔
2𝑥 = 𝟑𝟓
13
𝑦 = 𝟏𝟑 𝑥= 𝟏𝟑