 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  Thyristtor  
‫ א‬K٢{١
 ‫א‬     ،‫אא‬ 
    ‫א‬ 

  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ 
‫א‬  
  ، 
‫א‬   ‫א‬  K
‫א‬‫א‬
KSilicon CR) 
n Controolled Recctifier(SC ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 Thyrisstor Con
nstructio
on and O n  ‫א‬ K٢{١{١
Operation ٢

Semiconnductors ‫א‬ 

  
‫א‬
 ،J1 , J2 , J3 Juncctions 
   PNPN
N
‫א‬ yristor) KKE١ J٢F
‫א‬( Thy

‫א‬G ((Gate)‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬A
 
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E1-2F   
   ‫א‬‫א‬ P ‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 E
F  EF
 ‫א‬
 
‫ א‬
E1-2F‫א‬
 

55
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، E2-2F ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 J2‫א‬، (Forward Bias)‫א‬ J1,J3‫א‬
    ‫א‬     (Reverse Bias)  ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   K(Leakage Current) ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(Forward Blocking)
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E2-2F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J1,J3‫א‬‫א‬J2‫א‬
(Reverse Blocking)‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬VAK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2-F(Forward Conducting)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE2

     

EF EF EF

 K‫א‬E2-2F‫א‬
 

56
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

  Thyristor Characteristics ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢{١{٢

VAK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E3-2FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IA ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،PNPN‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KIBo‫א‬VBo‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K1V
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،VBo‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KIg‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Holding Current)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KIH
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VBR
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،E3-2F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

57
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬
‫א‬(3-2))‫א‬
 
،
‫אא‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 VBo‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫אא‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬




‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
F

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،E
‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬ 
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
KIL(Latching Current))‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KIH
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

58
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 Thyristor Firing‫א‬ K٢{١{٣

IL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫ א‬o

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(4-2)،Heat Sink‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Heat sinks‫א‬‫א‬E4-2F‫א‬

 
 
 
 

59
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫ א‬o

‫א‬‫א‬J2‫א‬ 
، J2‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Light Activated K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KSilicon Controlled Rectifier,-LASCR-)
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o

‫א‬VBo‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Leakage current)
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W(dv/dt)‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K(dv/dt)‫א‬‫א‬
 K1 µs200 V20V
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬P2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،J2‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

60
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 Methoods of Thyyristor Tuurn-offE‫א‬F‫א‬ K٢{١{٤

٢

‫א‬


 ‫א‬

K‫א‬
‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬ 
‫א‬
IH‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬ 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫אא‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬ J
،(‫ أ‬- ) 
‫א‬ ‫א‬


، (‫ ب‬- ) ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

dv//dt،
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 K
‫א‬
 
 
 ،‫א‬


 ‫א‬
E5-2
2F‫א‬
 

 

61
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5-2FK ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬S‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(Line Commutated)‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

  Thyristor Protection   ‫א‬ K٢{١{٥

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬
‫א‬KEKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ، (dv/dt)‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬6-2) K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬RC‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬R1‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬R2‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬Edv/dtF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Edv/dt)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K () 6-2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫جھد المنبع‬

‫جھد المنبع‬

 .‫א‬dv/dt‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (6-2)‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
Edi/dtF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE7-2F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

64
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 Kdi/dt‫א‬E7-2F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 Thyristor Types‫א‬‫א‬ K٢{١{٦

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،Triac‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬
Phase Controlled Thyristor(SCR)  ‫א‬‫ א‬K١
Fast Switching Thyristor (SCR)  ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
Gate-turn-off Thyristor (GTO)  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
Bidirectional Triode Thyristor (TRIAC)  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
Light Activated Silicon-Controlled  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
Rectifier (LASCR)
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(SCR)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨ J٢F،‫א‬
K   (9-2) ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

66
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
Controlled Rectifiers ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬. ٫

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،?‫א‬‫?א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،  ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ، ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ،   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
Half-wave Controlled Rectifier  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
Full-Wave Semi controlled ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
Rectifier
Full-Wave Controlled Rectifier  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
Dual Converter  ‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
Single Phase Half-wave Rectifier‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢{١

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KI
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 10‐2 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
   A ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، K‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ωt π) ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬
 ،   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
‫א‬،K‫א‬
K 11‐2 ‫א‬

.‫א‬E10-2F‫א‬
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11-2F‫א‬

، ‫א‬   Vav ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W0‐2π‫א‬‫א‬Vo E‫א‬F‫א‬

1 Vm
Vav   Vm  sin(t )  d ( t )  1  cos  1‐2
2  2

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 1‐2 ‫א‬‫א‬
 Kα‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Vav Vm
I av   1  cos    2-2
R 2  R
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

1
 
2 
Vrms  ( Vm sin  t ) 2
d t

Vm   sin(2) 
Vrms  1     3-2
2   2 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Vrms Vm   sin(2) 
I rms   1     4-2
R 2R   2 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  - 
 208v ‫א‬
W‫א‬،10 Ω‫א‬60Hz
K45°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
K6A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 KPIV‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 JW‫א‬

Vm  Vrms  2  208 2  294.156 v ‫א‬ J١

Vm
Vav   1  cos    46 .816  (1  cos 45  )  79 .92 v
2
Vav
I av   7.992 A
R
6A‫א‬‫א‬K٢
Vav  Iav  R  6 10  60 A
   α‫א‬‫א‬Vav 3‐1 ‫א‬
294 . 156
60  1  cos  
2
  73 . 64 
.‫ للحصول على أقصى قيمة لتيار الحمل يجب أن تكون زاوية اإلشعال مساوية للصفر‬.
Vm
Vav (max)   1  cos    46 .816  (1  cos( 0))  93 .63 V
2
V 93 .63
I av (max)  av max   9.36 A
R 10
PIV Vm 294.156 v .
11‐2 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KII
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬ 12‐2 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E12‐2F ‫א‬   ،
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬      K‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬β ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   D Freewheeling diode  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬      ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ πα‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ β π‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫ א‬ 12‐2 ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬      ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

74
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E12-2F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Vav‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W2π‫ א‬0 ‫א‬‫א‬ Vo‫א‬

1 Vm
V av   V m sin(  t ) d ( t )  cos    cos    5-2
2  2

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 1‐2
V av
I av   6-2
R
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

75
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12-2F‫א‬

 
 

76
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12‐2F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

77
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ K٢{٢{٢
Single Phase Full-wave Semi Controlled Rectifier
        ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬،E13‐2F D1, D2 ‫א‬‫א‬ Q1,Q2 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
“” ‫א‬  Q1‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
،‫א‬ D1‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEt F‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬Q2‫א‬E2π ωt π αF‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬    D2 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 Kt 2‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E14‐2F

‫א‬(13-2)‫א‬
 
 

 


 

78
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14‐2F‫א‬

 
  ‫א‬   Vav ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W 0‐‫א‬‫א‬ Vo‫א‬‫א‬


1 Vm 7-2
V av   V m sin(  t ) d ( t )  1  cos    
 

 

79
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V av Vm
I av   1  cos    8-2
R  R
  
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬E٧ J2F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬       ‫א‬
 K One quadrant)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

80
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
:2-2 ‫مثال‬
208V/60Hz‫א‬‫א‬
 15 Ω‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K60°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K150V‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
  JW‫א‬

Vm  Vrms  2  208  2  294.156 v  .1

Vav 
Vm

 
 1  cos   93  633 1  cos 60  140.4495 v
Vav
I av   9 .3633 v
R
 K150 v‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
α ‫ يمكن إيجاد الزاوية‬Vav ‫ عن قيمة‬7‐2 ‫بالتعويض في المعادلة‬
294.156
150  1  cos 

150  93 . 6328 1  cos  
α 52.987o
 K‫א‬‫א‬K3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
Vm
Vo (max)   1  cos    93 .633  (1  cos 0 )  187 .266 V

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

81
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ K٢{٢٢{٣
Single PPhase Fu ull-wave Controllled Recttifier
 
    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬   
    E15‐2F 
‫א‬   KQ1,Q
   Q2,Q3,Q4  
K‫א‬
  Q2،Q1 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬         ، ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Q1, Q2 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
t
، ‫א‬  Q1, Q
Q2
  ‫א‬  E  ‫א‬  Q3,Q4 ‫א‬ 
    
 
‫א‬    Q2،Q1 ‫א‬        ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
K 2
KE166‐2F
‫א‬

 

‫א‬E15-2F‫א‬
‫א‬   Vav ‫א‬
   
‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬   
 ، ‐  ‫א‬‫א‬
   
‫א‬ 
 KKE9‐2F
‫א‬،E10
0‐2F‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫אא‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،

 ،‫א‬90°° ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 

82
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 90°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .(Two quadrant)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

2  Vm  cos 

1
Vav 
  Vm  sin(t)d(t) 


9-2

Vav 2  Vm  cos 
I av    10-2
R  R
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

83
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (16-2)‫א‬
 

 
 
  

84
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W3‐2
208v/ 60Hz‫א‬‫א‬
 12 Ω‫א‬
W‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬
K60°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
KPin‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫ א‬K3
K120°
 JW‫א‬
K‫א‬.1
Vm  Vrms  2  208  2  294 .156 v

V av 
2  V m  cos  

   93 .633 v
2  294 . 156  cos 60 
 
V av
I av   7 .8 A
R
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
93.633 7.8 730.6
،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  120o  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K 3‐9 ‫א‬
2  V m  cos  
V av 

  
 187 .266  cos 120    93 .633 V
 

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
∙ 93.633 7.8 730.6

85
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ngle -Phasse Dual Converter ‫א‬

 Sin  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٢{٢{٤
    ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
   
‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ،E17‐2
 1 F
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א א‬ 
  ،‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬




. ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫(א‬17-2)
( 
‫א‬
 
 Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2  Vm  cos  a1
Vav 1  11-2

   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ 

 W ‫א‬ Q1’, Q2’, Q3’, Q
‫א‬‫א‬ , 4’ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
2  V m  cos  a 2
V av 2  12-2
1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

86
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 Three Phase Half-waveRectifier‫א‬ K٢{٢{٥

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،
‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Q1,Q2,Q3‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K 18‐2 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
Q1‫א‬E18‐2F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬Q2‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ Q3‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬      K‫א‬    ،
،‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ،‫א‬  Van ‫א‬      t /6   
Q1 t 5/6  Q2
    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  Vbn ‫א‬    
 Q2 t 3/2  Q3
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ، ‫א‬  Vcn ‫א‬
K 19‐2 ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

87
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E18
8-2F
‫א‬
 
 W

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

sin
 
sin 2 ⁄3

sin 2 ⁄3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

88
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19-2F‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 

89
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬
‫א‬،  5/6   /6   ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE13‐2F‫א‬‫א‬
5

3 6
3 3 V m
V av   V m  sin(  t ) d ( t )  cos   13-2
2  2

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

90
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W4‐2
        ‫א‬    
  ‫א‬       10 Ω ‫א‬
   
 ‫א‬،208V   
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬
W
K 30°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K 60°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K 120°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
  JW‫א‬
Vrms  2 208  2
Vm    169.83 v .1
3 3
3  3  Vm
Vav  cos    140  449  (cos 30  )  121 .633 v
2
Vav
I av   12.166 A
R
3  3  Vm
Vav   cos    140  449  (cos 60  )  70 .2245 v .2
2
Vav
I av  7A
R
3  3 Vm
Vav  cos    140  449  (cos 120  )  70.2245 V
2 .3
Vav
I av   7 A
R
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
K
3  3 V m
V av 
2
 
cos    140  449  (cos 0  )  140 .45 V

91
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ K٢{٢{٦
 Three Phase Semi controlled Rectifier

‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، E20‐2F   
‫א‬‫א‬،EOne QuadrantF
 120 kW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
KE14‐2F‫א‬
3  3  Vm
Vav  (1  cos  ) 14-2
2

‫א‬(20-2)‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

92
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W5‐2
‫א‬
   ‫א‬         10 Ω ‫א‬
‫א‬ ، 208v    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬
W
 K 45°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
 K 75°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
 K 135°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K6 A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 JW‫א‬
208  2
Vm   169 .83 v -
3
3  3  Vm
Vav  1  cos   140  449  (1  cos 45 )  239.76 v
2
Vav
I av   23 .976 A
R
3  3  Vm
Vav  1  cos   140  449  (1  cos 75 )  176.8 v -
2
3  3  Vm
Vav   1  cos    140  449  (1  cos 135  )  41 .136 v -
2 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 K
3 3  Vm
V av   1  cos    140  449  (1  cos 0  )  280 . 898 v
2
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬6 AK٥
Vav  I av  R  6  10  60 v

93
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫( للحصول على زاوية اإلشعال الالزمة للحصول على‬ - ) ‫ في المعادلة‬Vav ‫نعوض عن قيمة‬
: 6A ‫تيار‬
3 3  169 . 83
60  1  cos  
2
  125 

 

94
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Three Phase Full-wave Rectiifier  

‫א‬ K٢{٢{٧
   
    
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
  
 
  
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ،  E21‐2F
 ،Tw
‫א‬  wo quad
drant     
‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 
KE15‐2F
‫א‬
‫א‬
3  3  Vm
V av   cos   15
5-2


 

 ‫א‬E21-2F ‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

95
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W6‐2
          ‫א‬  
  ‫א‬       10Ω ‫א‬
   
‫א‬  K 208 v   
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬
W
 K45°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
KPs‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫ א‬K3
K135°
 W‫א‬
208  2
Vm   169 .83 v .
3
3  3  Vm
Vav  cos    280 .898  (cos 45  )  198 .625 v

V av 198 . 625
I av    19 .86 v
R 10
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    K٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

198.625 19.86 3944.7

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  135o  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٣
 K 3‐15 ‫א‬

3  3  Vm
Vav  cos    280 .898  (cos 135  )   198 .625 v

 ‫א‬‫א‬
198.625 19.86 3944.7 
 

96
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 Three Ph ‫א‬ K٢{٢{٨

hase DuallConverteer

 ،
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
، ،، 22‐2 
‫א‬‫א‬‫אא‬ 
‫א‬  
‫א‬ 
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬
E22-2
2 F
‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

97
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

  ٢{٣
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ،  ‫א‬       ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ، ?‫א‬‫?א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ E23‐2F    K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬        ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
W
  ‫א‬     ‫א‬   W ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬   W‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ،‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

98
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫ﻣﻮﺣﺪ ﳏﻜﻮﻡ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23-2F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W7‐2
‫א‬،2.5 hp‫א‬
10A  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K 220V/60Hz     
 W‫א‬1500 rpm ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K 500 rpm‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K0.2 Ω‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،١١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V  E  I Ra
  a a a

  Ea  K  
 T  K  Ia
2  n
   
60
 

99
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2Vm  cos 
  Vav 

  Vm  220 2  311 .13 v
2 n 2   1500
    157 . 1 rad / sec
  60 60
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P 2 .5  746
T   11 .87 N .m
   157 . 1
T 11.87
K    1.187
  I a 10
  E a  K    1.187  157 .1  186 .6 v
  Va  Ea  Ia R a  186.6  10 0.2  188.6 v
 
 W‫א‬Vav Va‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
Vav   188 .6  
cos     0 .9522
2 Vm 2  311 .13
 
  17 .8 o
 
 W 500 rpm‫א‬‫א‬
2   500
  E a1  K  1  1 .187   62 .15 v
60
  Va1  E a1  I a R a  62 .15  10  0 .2  64 .15 v
Vav 1   64 .15  
cos  1    0 .3238
2 Vm 2  311 .13
 
 1  71 .1o
 

100
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬    .
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.
  K‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬× .
  □K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ka
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Kb
 □ K
□ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Kc
  
       ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Kd
  □ K
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .
     ،  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   .
‫א‬20 Ω‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬208V‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
   JW‫א‬،2kW‫א‬ Po‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ka
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Kb
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬Kc
  K‫א‬‫א‬ Kd
 K‫א‬ Ke
‫א‬،3 hp‫א‬ .
 12A‫א‬‫א‬ 220V/60Hz
 W‫א‬،1500 rpm‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .a
 K800 rpm‫א‬‫א‬ .b
 K150°‫א‬‫ א‬.c
 K 0.2Ω‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

102