 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 (Methods of Excitation)‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٢
 (Field Windings)‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬         ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Separately-excited) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ (Self-excited)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K

 (Separately excited generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٤ J٢

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٨ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬
  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬
Load

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٨ J٢
 

47
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬L

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢-٨
 W
 K‫א‬WVf
 K‫א‬WIf
 K‫א‬WRf
 W‫א‬‫א‬L
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  (Kirechhoff’s Law)   
 W‫א‬
٢-٩
2-10
2-11
 W
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬WVL

 K‫א‬WIa
 K‫א‬Ra
 K‫א‬‫א‬IL
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEa

2-12
60
٢-١٣
 K‫א‬k 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬


 2-14
 

48
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ٣ J٢
 1200 rpm، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬0.04 ‫א‬K125 V200 A
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
VL = 125 V , IL = 200 A , n = 1200 rpm  W‫א‬
200  
125 200 0.04 133 V  
125  
0.625 Ω
200
125 200 25  
 ٤ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬ 1000 rpm‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬
If = const. , n2 =1000 rpm
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

133 1200
1000
 Ea2 = 110.83V
110.83
166.66
0.04 0.625
110.83 166.66 0.04 104.16 V
Or 166.66 0.625 104.16 V
110.83 166.66 12.264

49
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٥ J٢
‫א‬K٪١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣ J٢‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
If2 = 1.10 × If1 , n2 = constant
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

133 1
1.10
 Ea2 = 146.3
146.3
220
0.04 0.625
146.3 220 0.04 137.5 V
Or 220 0.625 137.5
137.5 220 30.25

 (Self -excited Generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٤ J٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Series Excitation)‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Shunt Excitation)‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Compound Excitation) K٣
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

50
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 (Series Excited Generator)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J٤ J٢
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
E ‫א‬‫א‬ F ‫א‬     ،‫א‬      ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬
١٩ J٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩ J٢
:‫א‬‫א‬

2-1٥

2-1٦

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

51
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٦ J٢
150 V18 kW‫א‬‫א‬٤،‫א‬‫א‬
K 0.18 Ω ‫א‬ 0.12 Ω‫א‬ 1200 rpm‫א‬
‫א‬ 1250 rpm‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K30 %‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K125 A

W‫א‬

Pout =18 kW , VL1 =150 V , n1=1200 rpm , Rf = 0.12Ω

Ra = 0.18Ω , n2 =1250rpm , IL2 =125 Amp. , 2= 1.٣٠1

18000
120 Amp.
150

150 120 0.18 0.12 186 V

(2-14)‫א‬



 1.30  1200 186
232.128
  1250
– 232.128 – 125 0.18 0.12 194.628 V

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

52
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 (Shunt excited generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢ J٤ J٢
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K٢٠ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬       ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
٪١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٪٥

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠ J٢
 
 
:‫א‬‫א‬

2-1٧

2-1٨

2-1٩

 
 

53
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٧ J٢
‫א‬، 240 V‫א‬ 350 A‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 55 Ω 0.02Ω ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 
IL = 350 A , VL =240 V , Ra = 0.02Ω , Rf = 55Ω
240
4.36
55
350 4.36 354.36
240 354.36 0.02 247.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

54
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٨ J٢
، ٥٠٠ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬     
 ٢٠٠،95 Ω‫א‬ 0.01 Ω‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K120 V60 W
 K0.02 Wb
 W‫א‬
p = a [‫]ألنه لف انطباقي‬, Z = 500 , Ra= 0.01Ω , Rf = 95Ω , VL=120 V
Φ = 0.02 Wb/pole Pout =200×60=12000W
12000
≫≫ 100
120
120
1.26
95
100 1.26 101.26
120 101.26 0.01 121.01


60
0.02 500
121.01
60
n = 746 rpm
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

55
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 (Compound Excited Generators)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٢ J٤ J٢
 (Series Windings)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ،  (Shunt Windings)  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬     ،‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
(Cumulative  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     Compound )
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K(Differential Compound)‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ،(Short-Shunt) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
،(Long-Shunt)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ٢١ J٢ 
 Ksh‫א‬‫א‬se‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 EF  EF
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢١ J٢
 
 

56
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2-20

2-٢١

2-٢٢
 :‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2-٢٣

2-٢٤

2-2٥
‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬     ،‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ (Demagnetize The Machine)‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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57
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٩ J٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 230 V 60 A 
0.01 Ω ‫א‬‫א‬  ،0.04 Ω ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K125Ω ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
VL = 230 V , IL = 60 A , Ra = 0.04 Ω , Rse = 0.01Ω , Rsh =125Ω
230
1.84
125
60 1.84 61.84
230 61.84 0.04 0.01 233.1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

58