

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  



 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 
 K٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 K K٣
  K٤
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬

- ١٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F
 
 
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻧﻴﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬
 
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫أو‬
 
‫ﻃﺎﻗﺔ هﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬
 
‫أﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ‬

 
 ١ J٣
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
EKKKK،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫• א‬
‫• א‬
‫• א‬
‫• א‬
EKKK،،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
- ١٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٣‫א‬
 
         
 

 
 
 


 

 
         

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢ J٣

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 ٤W J٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    J١
  J٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 ‫א‬ J٤
 ‫א‬ J٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J٦
  J٧
  ‫א‬ J٨
‫א‬ J٩
  J١٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٤ J٣

- ١٢٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEForceF‫א‬ J١ J٤
 KEAF‫א‬EPF‫א‬
 

 
 ٥ J٣
 
F= P x A
(N) (N/m2) (m2)
F + = P (π D2) /4 F - = P π (D-d)2 /4

EQF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEVelocityF‫א‬ J٢ J٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F

V = Q/ A
(m/s) (m3 /s) (m2)

- ١٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WECourseF‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J٤
 K‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WEWorkF‫• א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

W =F x C
(N.m) (N) (m)
 WEPowerF‫• א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

P= F x V = Q x P
(Watt) (N) (m/s) (m3 /s) (N/m2)

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬  J

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  J

‫א‬  J

‫א‬  J
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J١ J٤
E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E٣F‫א‬Kspring‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 
‫א‬‫א‬ J

 
‫א‬ J


 ‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J٣
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦ J٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫رﺟﻮع اﻟﺬراع‬
‫وﺟﻮد ﺿﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻜﺒﺎس‬
‫ﻏﻴﺎب اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
(‫ زﻳﺖ‬، ‫)هﻮاء‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W٦ J٣

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ W٧ J٣ ‫א‬  

 
 
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨ J٣‫א‬
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬W٨ J٣‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ J٤
‫א‬‫א‬٩ J٣‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
   


 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٩ J٣

 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠ J٣‫א‬
EBF‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EAF‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫رﺟﻮع اﻟﺬراع‬ ‫ﺧﺮوج اﻟﺬراع‬

(‫ زﻳﺖ‬، ‫ﺿﻐﻂ )هﻮاء‬ (‫ زﻳﺖ‬، ‫ﺿﻐﻂ )هﻮاء‬

(‫ زﻳﺖ‬، ‫ﺿﻐﻂ )هﻮاء‬ (‫ زﻳﺖ‬، ‫ﺿﻐﻂ )هﻮاء‬
A B
A B
‫א‬‫א‬W١٠ J٣‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ J٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
١١ J٣‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬١١ J٣‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬ J٣ J٤
 
KE١٢ J٣‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٣٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬W١٢ J٣
 W‫א‬ J٤ J٤
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣ J٣‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

‫א‬W١٣ J٣

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J٥
‫א‬E6 m/minF‫א‬
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤ J٣‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬2‫א‬K2‫א‬1‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 

  
‫א‬‫א‬WK١٤ J٣

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫ א‬-
‫ א‬-
‫א‬‫ א‬-
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬ -
‫א‬ -
 

- ١٣٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 Hydraulic cylinder ‫א‬
 Single acting cylinder ‫א‬‫א‬
 Double acting cylinder ‫א‬‫א‬
 Synchronous cylinder ‫א‬‫א‬
 Telescopic cylinder  ‫א‬
 Cylinder with and position cushioning‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٧١  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  EF  

 
 W
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٥
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٦
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