QCVN 062010 Vietnam Building Code On Fire Safety of Buildings

QCVN 06:2020/BXD
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS ON FIRE SAFETY FOR HOUSES AND CONSTRUCTIONS

National Technical Regulation on Fire Safety of Buildings and Constructions
CONTENT
CONTENT
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
2. TECHNICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
3. GUARANTEE PERSON'S SAFETY
4. FIRE PREVENTING LAN
5. FIRE WATER SUPPLY
6. FIRE FIGHTING AND FIRE-FIGHTING
7. MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS
8. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS
9. ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION
Appendix A Additional regulations on fire safety for some specific groups of buildings
Appendix B Classification of building materials by fire characteristics
Appendix C Classification of buildings and rooms according to fire and explosion hazards
Appendix D Regulations on smoke protection for houses and buildings
Appendix E Requirements on fire prevention and fighting distances between buildings and structures
Appendix F Nominal fire resistance limit of some structural members
Appendix G Regulations on the distance to the exits and the width of the exits
Appendix H Some regulations on the limited number of floors (allowable height) and the area of the fire
compartment of the building
Appendix I (for reference) Some drawings illustrating the content of regulations
Preface
QCVN 06:2020/BXD compiled by the Institute of Construction Science and Technology, submitted by the
Department of Science, Technology and Environment, appraised by the Ministry of Science and
Technology, and promulgated by the Ministry of Construction together with Circular 01/2020/ TT-BXD
dated April 6, 2020 of the Minister of Construction.
QCVN 06:2020/BXD replaces QCVN 06:2010/BXD issued together with Circular No. 07/2010/TT-BXD,
dated July 28, 2010 of the Minister of Construction.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS ON FIRE SAFETY FOR HOUSES AND CONSTRUCTIONS

National Technical Regulation on Fire Safety of Buildings and Constructions
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1 Adjustment range
1.1.1 This Regulation prescribes general requirements for fire safety for rooms, houses and construction
works (hereinafter referred to as houses) and is mandatory for application in all new construction phases.
renovating, repairing or changing functions, and at the same time stipulating the technical classification of
fire for buildings, parts and components of buildings, rooms, building components and building materials.
1.1.2 Sections 3, 4, 5 and 6 of this Regulation do not apply to buildings with special functions
(manufacturers or storage of explosives and substances; storage of petroleum and petroleum products.
mines, natural gas, combustible gases, as well as flammable substances; hazardous chemical
manufacturers or warehouses; defense works; underground parts of subway works; mining works; ... ).
1.1.3 In addition to the provisions in 1.1.2, the provisions in part 5 of this regulation do not apply to the
following objects: establishments, houses and works for preserving and processing grain; the gas
station; energy facilities (thermal, hydroelectric homes and structures, boiler facilities that provide heat,
gas turbine power plants, diesel and steam-gas, grid facilities).
1.1.4 In addition to the provisions of 1.1.2, the provisions of part 5 of this regulation do not apply to fire
extinguishing systems for fires caused by metals as well as chemically active substances and materials.
strong, when reacting with water, it will explode, produce flammable gas, cause strong heat, for example:
aluminum compounds - organic substances, alkali metals, lithium-organic compounds, lead azide ,
aluminum hydride, zinc, magnesium, sulfuric acid, titanium chloride, heat aluminum.
1.1.5 Standards and requirements on fire prevention and fighting of standard documents in construction
must be based on the requirements of this Regulation.
Along with the application of this Regulation, it is also required to comply with the fire prevention and
fighting requirements specified more specifically in other standard documents prescribed for each object
of house and construction. In the absence of standard documents specifying the requirements of this
Regulation, it is still permissible to use specific provisions in existing standards until those standards are
reviewed, as well as permit the use of current foreign standards on the principle of ensuring the
requirements of this Regulation and Vietnam's legal provisions on fire prevention and fighting and the
application of foreign standards in construction activities. built in Vietnam.
In the current relevant standard documents on fire prevention and fighting for houses and works, when
there are specific technical requirements different from those of this Regulation, the provisions of this
Regulation shall apply. this.
1.1.6 Design documents and technical documents of buildings, structures, components and construction
materials must clearly state their fire technical characteristics according to the provisions of this
regulation.
1.1.7 When designing and constructing houses and works, in addition to complying with this regulation,
they must also comply with regulations and ensure other mandatory technical requirements as prescribed
by current laws, such as: : planning, architecture, structure, water supply and drainage system, electrical
system, electrical equipment, lightning protection, fuel supply system, energy saving, ventilation system,
air conditioning, mechanics , safe use of glasses, avoid falling, impact.
1.1.8 Houses or constructions used for the production of products and goods of groups F5.1 and F5.2 as
specified in 2.6.4 with no more than 1 basement (also known as Industrial building), In addition to
ensuring the provisions mentioned in this regulation, it is also required to comply with the additional
regulations on fire safety mentioned in A.1 of Appendix A.
1.1.9 Buildings belonging to the functional fire hazard group F1.2, F4.3 and mixed-use buildings with
heights from 50 m to 150 m (with no more than 3 basements 1 ) in addition to ensuring the regulations in
this regulation, additional regulations on fire safety mentioned in A.2 of Appendix A must also be complied
with. Buildings with functional fire hazard group F1.3 with a height of from 75 m to 150 m, in addition to
complying with this standard must comply with QCVN 04:2019/BXD.
NOTE: 1 Hospitals, preschools and high schools only allow a maximum of 1 basement.
1.1.10 For buildings that do not have standards on fire prevention and fighting as well as buildings in the
functional fire hazard group F1.2, F1.3, F4.3 and mixed buildings with higher heights 150 m or with 4 or
more basements, particularly complex and unusual buildings; In addition to complying with this regulation,
it is also required to supplement technical requirements and solutions on organization and construction
techniques in accordance with the specific characteristics of fire prevention and fighting of those
buildings, on the basis of financial resources. whether current standards are allowed to apply. These
requirements and solutions must be approved by the competent fire prevention and fighting police
agency.
1.1.11 In some separate cases, the Ministry of Construction only allows to replace some requirements of
this regulation for specific works when there are arguments to be sent to the Ministry of Construction
stating additional solutions, instead or must present enough calculation bases to ensure fire safety for this
particular work. This argument must be approved by the Fire Prevention and Rescue Police Department
before being sent to the Ministry of Construction.
1.1.12 When changing the functions or changing the solutions for the layout - space and structure of the
existing houses or the separate rooms of those houses, this regulation and standard documents must be
applied. the extent of those changes.
1.1.13 For separate houses for households with a height of 06 floors or less or with no more than 1
basement, it is not mandatory to apply this regulation but follow separate instructions, suitable for each
object. houses and residential areas.
In case of conversion of functions to other purposes, it must comply with the provisions of this regulation
and must be approved by the competent fire prevention and fighting police agency, for the works under
this regulation. design must be approved for fire prevention and fighting.
1.2 Subjects of application
This regulation applies to organizations and individuals involved in construction investment, management
and use of civil and industrial houses in the territory of Vietnam.
1.3 References
The following references are necessary for the application of this standard. In case the cited documents
are revised, supplemented or replaced, the latest version shall apply.
TCVN 3890:2009 Fire prevention and fighting means for houses and works. Equip, arrange, inspect and
maintain.
TCVN 9310-4:2012 Fire prevention - Vocabulary - Part 4: Fire fighting equipment.
TCVN 9310-8:2012 Fire prevention - Vocabulary - Part 8: Terminology used for fire fighting, rescue and
handling of hazardous materials.
TCVN 9311-1:2012 Fire resistance test – Structural parts of buildings - Part 1 General requirements.
TCVN 9311-3:2012 Refractory test of structural members of buildings - Part 3 Instruction on test methods
and application of test data.
TCVN 9311-4:2012 Fire resistance test of building structural members - Part 4 Particular requirements for
load-bearing vertical separators.
load-bearing horizontal separators.
beams.
columns.
TCVN 9311-8:2012 Fire-resistance test of building structural members - Part 8 Particular requirements for
unloaded vertical separators.
TCVN 9383:2012 Fire resistance test – Fire doors and doors.
1.4 Interpretation of words
In this standard, the following terms are construed as follows:
1.4.1
Fire safety for houses and buildings (work items)
Ensure requirements on properties of materials and construction structures, architectural solutions,
planning, technical solutions and technology in accordance with the use characteristics of the building, in
order to prevent fire (fire prevention), limit spread, ensure fire extinguishing (fire prevention), prevent
dangerous factors harmful to humans, minimize property damage in case of fire happening.
1.4.2
Fire truck parking
The section of road with finished surface can withstand large loads arranged along the perimeter or part
of the perimeter of the house, allowing fire fighting vehicles to deploy fire fighting activities.
NOTE: Compared with the road for fire trucks, the parking lot for fire trucks is designed to bear a larger
load and has a larger width to deploy fire fighting vehicles during operation.
1.4.3
Fire protection
Synthesis of organizational measures and technical solutions, in order to prevent the impact of fire hazard
factors on people and limit material damage caused by fire.
1.4.4 Fire resistance grade
The fire resistance characteristics of the building divided into levels from I to V are determined by the fire
resistance limit of the main construction structures (Articles 1.5.1, 2.6.2).
1.4.5
Smoke blocker
Part used to direct, contain and/or prevent the spread of smoke (gaseous products of a fire).
NOTE Smoke-stops may also be called: smoke screens, smoke-tight screens, smoke screens (Smoke
Curtains, Smoke Blinds, Smoke Screens).
1.4.6
Fire hazard class of building structure
Grouping characteristics of building components, based on different levels of parameters of flammability
test results for constituent materials of building components according to prescribed standards.
NOTE (see 2.3 and Annex B)
1.4.7
Structural fire hazard class of the house
The structural fire hazard class of the building is determined according to the fire hazard class of the main
building components.
1.4.8
Height
In this regulation, the height is understood as the height serving fire prevention and rescue and is defined
as follows: In addition to the specified cases, the height of the building is determined by the layout height
of the building. the top floor excluding the top technical floor. The layout height of the floor is determined
by the distance from the lowest road surface for the fire truck to approach to the lower edge of the
opening (window) on the outer wall of the building.
that floor. When there is no opening, the layout height of the top floor is determined to be half of the total
height of the floor and ceiling of that floor.
1.4.9
Dense jet height
Take 0.8 times the vertical spray height.
1.4.10
Accessible floor area
Floor area of all enclosed areas in a house or part of a building, including the area of channels, floor of
elevator wells, toilets, stairwells, areas occupied by furniture , fixed or movable machinery and equipment
and also open outdoor living areas above or below the first floor of the house.
1.4.11
Road for fire truck
Road designed for fire fighting vehicles to travel to and within the boundaries of a facility for firefighting
and rescue operations.
1.4.12
Fire resistance limit
Time (in hours or minutes) from the beginning of the fire resistance test according to the standard
temperature regime of the samples until the appearance of one of the limit states of the structure and
components (clause 2.3.2).
1.4.13
Refugee space
The area located in the refuge floor is used for temporary evacuation in the event of a fire incident.
1.4.14
Technical booth
Room to arrange technical equipment of the building or floor. The technical booths can
located on the whole or part of the technical floor.
1.4.15
Open corridor
Corridors have ventilation holes to the outside, unblocked, continuous in length, with the clearance height
from the top of the retaining wall at the edge of the corridor to the top not less than 1.2 m.
1.4.16
Fire protection system
Fire protection system includes: Smoke protection system, internal fire hydrant system, outdoor fire
fighting water supply system, automatic fire fighting systems, fire alarm system and sound. public,
emergency lighting system and emergency exit lights, fire elevators, rescue vehicles, structural solutions,
solutions to escape, solutions to prevent smoke and fire spread.
1.4.17
Fire hydrant
A combination of specialized equipment including locking valves, hoses, and sprinklers are pre-installed
to deploy water to the fire.
1.4.18
Fire compartment
A part of the house is separated from other parts of the house by type 1 fire-blocking walls.
1.4.19
Cushion compartment
The transitional space between two doors, used to protect against the infiltration of smoke and other
gases when entering the house, the stairs, or other rooms of the house.
1.4.20
Fire prevention buffer compartment
The buffer space has components with fire resistance limits to meet the specified requirements (see
2.4.3).
1.4.21
Smoke
Aerosols formed by the incomplete combustion of materials in liquid and (or) solid form.
1.4.22
Protective concrete layer, Protective concrete layer thickness
- The concrete layer is calculated from the boundary (edge) of the member to the nearest surface of the
reinforcement.
- The thickness of the protective concrete layer is the thickness from the edge (edge) of the member to
the nearest surface of the reinforcement.
1.4.23
Fire
The combustion zone is in the gas phase with visible radiation.
1.4.24
Home
Construction works whose main function is to protect and shield people or objects inside; normally
partially or fully enclosed and built in a fixed position. Houses include residential houses (residential
houses, condominiums, public houses, mixed-use houses) and industrial houses.
1.4.25
Apartment
The house has 2 floors or more, has many apartments, has a common path, stairs, has a private part, a
part of common ownership and a system of common infrastructure works for households and individuals,
organizations, including condominiums built for residential purposes and condominiums built for mixed-
use purposes for residential and business purposes.
1.4.26
Mixed house
The house has many different uses (for example, a house designed for office, commercial, residential and
public use is a mixed house).
NOTE: A house in the fire hazard group according to the defined function, with a total area of area used
for another function (except for the residential function), auxiliary for the main function, not more than 10
% of the floor area of that floor with other functions, it is not considered as a mixed-use building.
1.4.27
Fire hazard group by function
Characteristic of the classification of buildings (or parts of buildings) based on their use characteristics
and on factors that may threaten the safety of people in the event of a fire, taking into account age
factors. activity, physical state, possibility of someone sleeping, etc. of the user group according to the
main function.
1.4.28
Fire hazard group of building materials
Classification characteristics of building materials, based on different levels of fire test results for materials
according to specified standards.
1.4.29
Fire protection
Combination of organizational and technical solutions to ensure human safety, prevent fire incidents, limit
fire spread as well as create conditions for effective fire suppression.
1.4.30
Volume scale
Is the volume of a space within a building or fire compartment. This volume does not include the walls of
the protected elevator, the escape stairs and other spaces (eg toilets and storage rooms) surrounded by
walls with a fire resistance limit of not low. for more than 1 hour, and the passages through the wall are
protected by fire doors of type 2 with self-closing mechanism. Volume scale is calculated based on the
following dimensions:
a) Plan dimensions are taken from the distance between the inner finished surfaces of the wall, or on all
sides without the wall, taking into account a vertical plane extending to the top outer edge of the floor.
b) The height is taken as the distance from the upper surface of the lower floor to the lower surface of the
upper floor of the space; and
c) For a building or fire compartment extending to the roof, it is taken according to the distance to the
lower surface of the roof or the lower surface of the ceiling of the highest floor in the fire compartment,
including the space occupied by all fire compartments. wall, or vertical well, unprotected channel, or
structure within the space under consideration.
1.4.31
Smoke-free lobby
The lobby is located outside the entrance to an escape staircase. The design of this lobby must ensure to
prevent or minimize the penetration of smoke into the stairwells.
1.4.32
Elevator lobby
Empty space in front of elevator doors.
1.4.33
Number of floors
The number of floors of the building includes all floors above ground (including technical floors, basement
floors) and semi/semi-basement floors, excluding attic.
NOTE: The basement floor is not included in the number of floors of the building when it is only used to
cover the stair cage/elevator well and to cover the technical equipment of the building (if any). the roof
area does not exceed 30% of the roof floor area.
1.4.34
Fire incident (fire)
Uncontrolled fire results in loss of life and (or) property.
1.4.35
Combustion
Exothermic oxidation of a substance with at least one of three elements: flame, glow, and smoke.
1.4.36
Standard Document
A document that sets out rules, guidelines, or characteristics for activities or their results.
Note 1 to entry: The term “standard document” is a generic term that includes documents such as
standards, specifications, codes of practice and technical regulations.
Note 2 to entry: “document” should be understood as a means of carrying information.
Note 3 to entry: Terms for different types of standard documents are defined based on the consideration
of the document and its content as an intact entity.
1.4.37
Fire load
The total thermal energy released by the combustion of all combustible materials in a building space.
1.4.38
Attic
The floor is located inside the space of the sloping roof, the whole or part of its facade is created by the
inclined or folded roof surface, in which the wall (if any) is not higher than 1.5 m above the floor.
1.4.39
Basement
Floor whose more than half of its height is below the ground level where the work is located according to
the approved planning.
NOTE: When considering fire safety requirements for buildings with different surrounding ground levels, it
is not determined that the floor below the ground level according to the approved planning is the
basement if the escape route is from the ground floor. The puzzle does not move from bottom to top.
1.4.40
Floor of refuge
The floor used for temporary evacuation is located in a building with a height greater than 100 m. The
refuge floor has one or more shelters.
1.4.41
Semi-basement/half-basement
Floor whose half of its height is above or above the ground level where the work is located according to
the approved planning.
1.4.42
Technical floors
Floor or part of a floor to arrange technical spaces or technical equipment of the building. The technical
floor can be the basement, semi-basement, attic, top floor or middle floor of the building.
1.4.43
Floor above ground
The floor whose floor elevation is higher or equal to the ground level where the work is located according
to the approved planning.
1.4.44
Fire elevator
Lifts installed primarily for the transport of persons but equipped with additional protective control
systems, communications and markings to permit such lifts to be used under direct force control. fire
fighting capacity reaches the floors of the building when a fire occurs.
1.4.45
Smoke zone
Area inside a building that is limited or surrounded by smoke-blocking elements or structural members to
prevent the spread of heat-induced smoke in fires.
NOTE: See also Appendix D, section D.7.
1.4.46
Fireproof treatment for structures
Using impregnation or wrapping, apply protective layers to the structure to increase the fire resistance
and (or) reduce the fire hazard of that structure.
1.5 General provisions
1.5.1 In buildings, when designing, there must be structural solutions, ground layout - space and
construction techniques to ensure that when a fire occurs:
- The building maintains its overall stability and shape invariance for a certain period of time, which is
specified by the building's fire resistance grade.
- Everyone in the house (regardless of age and health condition) can evacuate outside to a safe area
(hereinafter referred to as outside) before a threat to life and health appears. health due to the impact of
dangerous factors of fire.
- Ability to save lives.
- Fire-fighting forces and means can approach the fire and take measures to fight the fire and save
people and property.
- Do not let the fire spread to neighboring houses, even in case the burning house collapses.
- Limiting direct and indirect material damage, including the house itself and its contents, taking into
account the economic correlation between the value of damage and the cost of similar solutions technical
equipment for fire prevention and fighting.
1.5.2 During the construction process must ensure:
- Implement fire prevention solutions according to design in accordance with current regulations and
standards and have been approved according to regulations.
- Implement fire prevention and fighting requirements for works under construction, ancillary works and
regulations on fire prevention and fighting in construction and installation according to current law on fire
prevention and fighting.
- Equip with fire-fighting means according to regulations and in a state of readiness for operation.
- Ability to safely escape and save lives, as well as protect property when a fire occurs in the construction
work and on the construction site.
1.5.3 During exploitation, use must:
- Maintain the structure, interior of the house and the working ability of the fire protection equipment in
accordance with the requirements of the design and the technical documents prepared for them.
- Comply with regulations on fire prevention and fighting according to current laws.
- It is not allowed to change the structure or the solutions for the layout of the ground - space and
engineering works without the approved design according to regulations.
- When carrying out repairs, it is not allowed to use components and materials that do not meet the
requirements of current regulations and standards.
When a building is licensed under conditions of restrictions on the fire load, on the number of people in
the house or in any part of the building, notices of these restrictions must be placed inside the building in
conspicuous places, and the house management division must establish its own organizational measures
for fire prevention and fighting and evacuation of people when a fire occurs.
1.5.4 When analyzing the fire hazard of the house, it is possible to use the calculation situations based
on the correlation between the parameters: the development and spread of dangerous factors of the fire,
the evacuation of people and fire fighting organization.
2. TECHNICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
2.1.1 Buildings, parts and parts of buildings, rooms, building materials, construction components, are
classified according to fire techniques based on the following properties:
- Fire hazard: properties of generating and developing fire hazard factors.
- Fire resistance: properties against the effects of the fire and against the spread of dangerous elements
of the fire.
2.1.2 The technical classification of fire is used to establish the necessary requirements for fire protection
for structures, rooms, buildings, parts and parts of the building depending on the fire resistance and/ or
their fire hazard.
2.2 Construction materials
2.2.1 In terms of fire safety, building materials are only characterized by fire hazard. The fire hazard of
building materials is determined according to the following technical characteristics of fire: flammability,
flammability, fire spread on the surface, ability to create smoke and toxic substances.
2.2.2 According to flammability, construction materials are classified into non-combustible materials and
combustible materials. Combustible building materials are classified into 4 groups:
- Ch1 (weak fire).
- Ch2 (moderate fire).
- Ch3 (medium strong fire).
- Ch4 (strong fire).
Flammability and groups of building materials according to flammability are determined according to
Appendix B, section B.2.
For non-combustible building materials, there is no regulation on fire hazard and no other criteria are
determined.
2.2.3 According to flammability, burning building materials are classified into 3 groups:
- BC1 (difficult to ignite).
- BC2 (moderately flammable).
- BC3 (flammable).
Group of building materials according to flammability is determined according to Appendix B, section B.3.
2.2.4 According to the spread of fire on the surface, burning building materials are classified into 4
groups:
- LT1 (not spreading).
- LT2 (weakly spread).
- LT3 (moderately spread).
- LT4 (strongly spread).
The group of building materials according to the surface fire spread is specified for the surface material of
the roof and floor, including the carpet layer, according to Appendix B, section B.4.
For other building materials, the classification of fire propagation on the surface is not defined and not
specified.
2.2.5 According to the ability to generate smoke, burning building materials are classified into 3 groups:
- SK1 (low smoke generation).
- SK2 (moderate smoke generation).
- SK3 (high smoke generation).
Group of building materials according to smoke generation is determined according to Appendix B,
section B.5.
2.2.6 According to the toxicity of combustion products, burning building materials are classified into 4
groups:
- DT1 (low toxicity).
- DT2 (moderate toxicity).
- DT3 (high toxicity).
- DT4 (especially high toxicity).
Group of building materials according to toxicity of combustion products is determined according to
Appendix B, section B.6.
2.3 Construction components
2.3.1 Construction components are characterized by fire resistance and fire hazard.
The fire resistance of a member is expressed by the fire resistance limit of that member. The fire hazard
of a component is characterized by its fire hazard class.
2.3.2 The fire resistance limit of a building element is determined by the time interval (in minutes) from
the beginning of the fire resistance test according to the standard heat regime until the appearance of one
or several signs of connection. The sequence of limit states specified for a given member is as follows:
- Loss of bearing capacity (bearing capacity is denoted by the letter R).
- Loss of integrity (integrity is denoted by the letter E).
- Loss of insulation (insulation capacity is denoted by the letter I).
NOTE 1: The fire resistance limit of building components is determined by fire resistance test according to
the standards TCVN 9311-1:2012 to TCVN 9311-8:2012 or equivalent standards. The fire resistance limit
of a building element can be determined by calculating according to the applicable fire resistance design
standard.
The fire resistance limit of gas pipes is determined according to ISO 6944 or equivalent standards.
The fire resistance limit of the fire prevention valves of the ventilation system is determined according to
ISO 10294.
The fire resistance limit of doors, windows and doors is determined according to the standard TCVN
9383:2012.
NOTE 2: The required fire resistance limit of specific construction components is specified in this
regulation and in the technical regulations for each type of work. The required fire-resistance limit of a
building element is denoted by REI, EI, RE or R together with the corresponding indexes of the time
under fire impact in minutes. Example: A member has a required fire resistance limit of REI 120, which
means that the member must maintain all three capabilities simultaneously: bearing, integrity and
insulation for a period of time under fire impact of 120 minutes. ; A member with a required fire resistance
limit of R 60, the member only has to maintain its bearing capacity for a period of 60 minutes, with no
requirement for insulation and integrity.
Note 3 to entry: A building element is said to satisfy the requirements of fire resistance (fire resistance
limit) if it satisfies one of the following conditions:
a) The structural member has the same specification as the fire-resistance test sample and this sample
has a fire-resistance limit not less than the required fire-resistance limit of that component.
b) Components have a structure with technical specifications in accordance with those specified in
Appendix F and the corresponding nominal fire resistance limit given in this annex is not less than the
required fire resistance limit of that member.
c) The fire resistance limit of a component is determined by calculation according to the applicable fire
resistance design standard not less than the required fire resistance limit of that component.
2.3.3 According to fire hazard, construction components are classified into 4 levels:
- K0 (no fire hazard).
- K1 (less fire hazard).
- K2 (moderate fire hazard).
- K3 (fire hazard).
Note 1 to entry: The fire hazard class of a building element is determined by testing according to current
Vietnamese standards or equivalent.
NOTE 2: It is allowed to determine the fire hazard class of the member without testing as follows:
- Classified as K0, if the member is made of only non-combustible materials.
- Classified as K1, if the outer surface of the member is made of materials with the same technical
specifications on fire not more dangerous than Ch1, BC1, SK1.
- Classified as K2, if the outer surface of the member is made of materials with the same technical
specifications on fire not more dangerous than Ch2, BC2, SK2.
- Classified as K3, if the outer surface of the member is made up of only materials having one of the fire
specifications as Ch3, BC3, SK3.
2.4 Fire-blocking parts Bộ
2.4.1 Fire-blocking parts are used to prevent fire and fire products from spreading from a fire
compartment or from a room with fire to other rooms.
Fire-blocking parts include fire-blocking walls, fire-blocking partitions and fire-blocking floors.
2.4.2 Fire-blocking parts are characterized by fire resistance and fire hazard.
The fire resistance of a fire-blocking part is determined by the fire resistance of its constituent parts,
including:
- Partitions (wall panels, wall panels, floor panels, ...).
- Components to stabilize the separator (frame, tie rod, ...).
- Partition supporting structure (support beam, supporting ribs, supporting wall, ...).
- The link details between them.
The fire resistance limit according to the state of loss of bearing capacity (R) of the member stabilizing the
partition, of the member supporting the partition and of the connecting details between them must not be
lower than the withstand limit. required fire for the separator.
The fire hazard of the fire stop is determined by the fire hazard of the partition together with the
connecting details and the components that keep the partition stable.
2.4.3 Fire-blocking parts are classified according to the fire-resistance limit of the separating part as
shown in Table 1. When in the fire-blocking part there are doors, gates, lids, air valves, windows, screens
(after These are collectively referred to as fire prevention doors and valves), or when there is a buffer
space at those doors (called a fire-blocking space), the door, fire-stop valve and fire-blocking space must
be selected of a type that is also capable of preventing fire. fire in accordance with the type of fire-
blocking part specified in Table 1.
Table 1 - Classification of fire-blocking parts
Fire resistance limit of Type of fire doors and Type of fireproof

Fire prevention Type of fire
fire-blocking parts, not valves in the fire stop spacer, no lower
unit arrester
less than unit, not lower than than
Fire prevention first WASH 150 first first

wall
2 LOAD 45 2 2
Fire baffle first I 45 2 first
2 I 15 3 2
Fireproof floor first WASH 150 first first
2 LOW 60 2 first
3 LOAD 45 2 first
4 LOW 15 3 2
Fire resistance limits of fire doors and valves in fire prevention parts are specified in Table 2.
The fire resistance limit of parts of the fire-blocking spacer (wall, floor, door and fire-blocking valve) at the
door and fire-blocking valve in the fire-blocking part must comply with the regulations in Table 3.
Class 1 fire-blocking parts must be of fire danger class K0. In separate cases, it is allowed to use fire
hazard class K1 in fire-blocking parts of classes 2 to 4.
Table 2 - Fire resistance limits of fire prevention doors and valves in fire prevention parts
Fire doors and valves in the fire Type of fire prevention door Fire resistance limit, not less
stop unit and valve in the fire stop unit than
(first) (2) (3)
Doors, gates, flaps, valves 1) first I 60
2 I 30 2)
3 I 15
Window first 60
2 30
3 15
Diaphragm first I 60
NOTE 1 The fire resistance limit of fire prevention valves is allowed to be taken according to integrity only
(E) if these valves are installed inside channels, wells and pipelines which ensure the required fire
resistance, for both integrity (E) and insulation properties (I).
NOTE 2: The fire resistance limit of the door of the lift well is allowed to be taken not less than E 30.
Table 3 - Fire resistance limits of parts of the buffer compartment at doors and fire prevention
valves in fire prevention parts ngăn
Fire resistance limit of parts of buffer space, not less than

Type
of fireproof spacer Door and fire prevention
khoang The partition of Floor of the buffer
valve of buffer
the buffer compartment compartment
compartment
first EI 45 REI 45 EI 30
2 EI 15 REI 15 EI 15
2.5 Stairs and stairwells
2.5.1 Stairs and staircases used for escape are classified into the following types:
NOTE: Appendix I presents some illustrative drawings of different types of stairs and stair chambers.
a) Types of stairs:
- Type 1 - stairs inside the house, located in the stairwell.
- Type 2 – stairs inside the house, open.
- Type 3 – stairs outside the house, open.
NOTE: Open means not placed in the elevator chamber.
b) Types of common stairs:
- L1 – with openings in the outer wall on each floor (open or glazed).
- L2 – is naturally lit through holes in the roof (open or glazed).
c) Types of stairs without smoke:
- N1 – there is an entrance to the elevator from each floor through a smoke-free buffer space made by
suitable natural ventilation solutions. In some cases, elevator chamber N1 has a structure considered
suitable for 3.4.10.
It is allowed to replace the N1 staircase with a staircase with an entrance to the elevator from each floor
passing through the buffer space. Both the spacer and the elevator must have positive air pressure in the
event of a fire. The air supply to the spacer and to the elevator is independent of each other.
- N2 – has positive air pressure (air pressure in the elevator is higher than outside) in the elevator when
there is a fire.
- N3 – there is an entrance to the elevator from each floor through the buffer chamber with positive air
pressure (positive air pressure in the buffer space is regular or when there is a fire).
2.5.2 Fire fighting ladders for fire fighting and rescue are classified into two types as follows:
- P1 - vertical ladder.
- P2 – ladder with inclination not more than 6:1 (not more than 80º).
2.6 House, fire compartment, room
2.6.1 Buildings or parts of buildings are separated separately by fire-blocking walls of type 1 (called fire
compartments) which are grouped according to fire resistance grade, structural fire hazard class and fire
hazard group according to construction. power. It is allowed to divide the fire compartment in buildings
with fire resistance grades IV and V by type 2 fire-blocking walls.
- The fire resistance level of the building and the fire compartment is determined by the fire resistance
limit of its building components.
- The structural fire hazard class of the building and the fire compartment is determined according to the
degree of participation of the construction components in the fire development and the formation of the
dangerous factors of the fire.
- The functional fire hazard group of the building and its parts is determined according to the purpose of
use and the characteristics of the technological processes arranged inside it.
2.6.2 Buildings and fire compartments are classified according to fire resistance grades as shown in
Table 4.
The load-bearing elements of the building include load-bearing walls and columns, braces, connections,
stiffeners, and floor components (beams, beams or slabs) that are involved in ensuring overall stability.
and the shape of the house when there is a fire.
Load-bearing parts that do not contribute to the overall stability of the building must be indicated by the
designer in the building's technical documentation.
No fire resistance limit for vent seals (doors, gates, windows, flaps, skylights, including top doors and
other light-passing parts of the roof sheet) is not specified. except for doors, fire prevention valves in the
fire prevention unit and the cases specified in particular.
When the minimum fire resistance limit of the required member is R 15 (RE 15, REI 15), it is allowed to
use uncoated steel structures regardless of its actual fire resistance limit, except for the cases when the
fire resistance limit of the load-bearing parts of the building according to the test results is less than R 8.
In smoke-free stairwells of type N1 it is allowed to use ladders and stairs with fire resistance limit R 15
and fire danger class K0.
2.6.3 According to structural fire hazard, buildings and fire compartments are classified into 4 levels S0,
S1, S2, S3 as shown in Table 5 called structural fire hazard class of the building.
There is no regulation on fire danger for doors, gates, windows and lids in the building's enclosure, except
for specific cases.
Table 4 - Fire resistance level of the house
Fire resistance limit of building structure, not less than
Floors Roof unit without attic Structure of stairs

The
The fire resistance Load- outer between
level of the house bearing wall is floors
Roofing sheets
parts (including Truss, Ladder
not (including Inner
of the attic and beams, boards and
load- roofing sheets wall
house basement purlins ladder mats
bearing with insulation)
floors)
I R 120 30 LOW 60 CHEAP 30 R 30 LOW 120 R 60
II R 90 15 LOAD 45 CHEAP 15 R 15 LOW 90 R 60
III R 45 15 LOAD 45 CHEAP 15 R 15 LOW 60 R 45
IV R 15 E 15 LOW 15 CHEAP 15 R 15 LOAD 45 R 15
DRAW No specified
NOTE 1: In buildings with fire resistance levels I, II, III, the floor and ceiling of the basement and semi-
basement must be made of non-combustible materials and have a fire resistance limit of at least REI 90.
Floors of the 1st floors and the top floor must be made of materials with flammability not lower than Ch1.
NOTE 2: In buildings with fire resistance levels IV, V, the floor of the basement or semi-basement must
be made of materials with a flammability not lower than Ch1 and with a fire resistance limit of not less
than REI 45.
NOTE 3: For houses with 2 or 3 basements (houses of group F1.3 and mixed buildings), the load-
bearing structures in the basement must have a minimum fire resistance limit of R 120.
Note 4 to entry: In rooms where flammable liquids are produced or stored, the floor must be made of
non-combustible materials.
Table 5 - Structural fire hazard class of buildings
Fire hazard class of building structure, not less than
Structural fire Walls,

hazard class of Bar-bearing
Exterior partitions, Walls of stair Ladder boards
the house components
wall from floors and chambers and and mats in
(columns, beams,
the outside roofs without fire-blocking parts stairwells
trusses, etc.)
an attic
S0 K0 K0 K0 K0 K0
S1 K1 K2 K1 K0 K0
S2 K3 K3 K2 K1 K1
WILL No specified K1 K3
2.6.4 When applied to the actual construction of structures or structural systems where it is impossible to
determine their fire resistance limit or fire hazard class on the basis of standard fire resistance tests or
according to calculations, fire-resistance tests should be carried out on samples similar to the actual
construction of such parts as required by current regulations on fire-resistance testing.
2.6.5 Buildings and building parts (rooms or groups of rooms with related functions) are classified into
groups of fire hazards according to function depending on the characteristics of their use and the level of
threat. to the safety of people in the event of a fire taking into account: age, physical condition, the
possibility of someone sleeping, the group of users according to the main function and the number of
people in that group. Classification of fire hazard according to function is specified in Table 6.
Houses and rooms used for production or storage are classified (A, B, C (C1, C2, C3, C4), D, E)
according to fire and explosion hazards depending on the quantity and nature of the goods. explosion
hazards of substances and materials contained therein, taking into account the characteristics of the
production technology. The classification is specified in Appendix C.
The room production and the time Stockroom, including laboratories and workshops covering an area of
50 m 2 , the rooms do food preparation with cooking with a capacity of 10 KW in the attached Groups F1,
F2, F3 and F4, are placed in Group F5.
2.6.6 In buildings with a fire hazard class according to the specified function, which, in the general case,
is allowed to arrange a group of rooms and rooms with a fire danger level according to other functions, in
addition to complying with the requirements. the general requirements of this regulation, additional
conditions must also be met according to the design standards of specific types of buildings and
corresponding technical equipment.
Table 6 - Grouping of houses based on fire hazard by function
Group Uses Usage characteristics
(first) (2) (3)
F1 Permanent or temporary housing (including round-the- These rooms in the house are
clock accommodation). usually used both day and
night. This group of people can
F1.1 Kindergartens, kindergartens, specialized homes for the elderly include many different ages and
and disabled (non-apartment homes), hospitals, dormitory physical states. The
blocks of boarding schools and facilities for children, and characteristic of these houses is
homes with special needs. similar point of use. that there are bedrooms.
F1.2 Hotels, dormitories, sleeping quarters of nursing facilities and

shared motels, of campsites, motels and sanatoriums, and
houses of similar use
F1.3 Condominiums, and buildings with similar usage characteristics
F1.4 Single-family dwellings or houses with several adjoining

apartments and each with its own separate entrance to the
outside, and houses with similar usage characteristics
F2 Mass cultural and sports facilities. The main rooms in

F2.1 Theatres, cinemas, concert halls, clubs, circuses, sports These homes are characterized
facilities with stands, libraries and other structures having a by large numbers of guests
calculated number of seats for guests in enclosed rooms, and staying for a certain period of
houses with similar usage characteristics. time.
F2.2 Museums, exhibitions, dance halls, theatres, and other similar

facilities in enclosed rooms, and buildings with similar uses.
F2.3 Facilities mentioned in F2.1 are open to the outdoors.
F2.4 Facilities mentioned in F2.2, open to the outdoors.
F3 Commercial, business and residential service The rooms of these

establishments. establishments are characterized
by a larger number of guests
F3.1 Sales establishments, showrooms of merchandise, and than service staff.
buildings with similar usage characteristics.
F3.2 Public catering establishments, restaurants and homes with

similar usage characteristics.
F3.3 Station.
F3.4 Outpatient and emergency polyclinics, and homes with similar

usage characteristics.
F3.5 Guest rooms of public and life service establishments with an

uncounted number of seats for guests (post office, savings
fund, ticket office, law office, notary office, door) laundromats,
tailors, shoe and clothing repair, barber shops, funeral parlors,
religious and belief establishments and the like).
F3.6 Physical training complexes and sports training areas without

stands; Service rooms; Bathhouses, and houses with similar
usage characteristics.
F4 Schools, workplaces, scientific and design organizations, The rooms in these houses are
regulatory agencies. used for certain times of the day,
inside which are usually fixed
F4.1 High schools, non-school training institutions, professional high groups of people, accustomed to
schools, vocational schools, and homes with similar usage the local conditions, of a definite
characteristics. age and physical condition.
F4.2 Universities, colleges, professional improvement schools, and

homes with similar usage characteristics.
F4.3 Facilities of regulatory agencies, design organizations,

information and publishing organizations, scientific research
institutions, banks, agencies, offices, and homes with similar
usage characteristics .
F4.4 Stations (teams) of fire fighting and rescue, rescue.

F5 Houses, buildings, rooms used for production or for Rooms of this type are
storage. characterized by the presence of
a fixed group of people,
F5.1 Manufacturing buildings and structures, production and testing including working around the
rooms, workshops, and buildings with similar uses. clock
F5.2 Warehouses and buildings; parking lots for cars, motorbikes

and bicycles without technical and repair services; bookstores,
archives, storerooms, and buildings of similar use.
F5.3 Agricultural service houses.

3. GUARANTEE PERSON'S SAFETY
3.1.1 The requirements of this section are intended to ensure:
- Escape for people promptly and without obstruction.
- Rescue people affected by dangerous elements of fire.
- Protect people on the way to escape from the effects of dangerous elements of the fire.
3.1.2 Escape is the process of self-organized movement of people to the outside from the rooms where
the dangerous elements of the fire can affect them. Escape is also the involuntary movement of a group
of people with little mobility, performed by service personnel. Escape is carried out according to the
escape routes through the exits.
3.1.3 Rescue is the forced movement of people to the outside when they are affected by the dangerous
elements of the fire or when there is a direct danger of such effects. Rescue is carried out autonomously
with the help of fire brigade or professionally trained personnel, including the use of rescue vehicles,
through exits and emergency exits .
3.1.4 The protection of people on the escape routes must be ensured by a combination of ground layout
solutions - space, amenities, structure, engineering and organization.
The escape routes within the room must ensure safe escape through the exits from that room, regardless
of the means of protection against smoke and fire in this room.
Outside the scope of the room, it is necessary to take into account the protection of the escape route from
the conditions that ensure safe escape for people, including the fire danger according to the function of
the rooms on the exit, the number of people escaping. , fire resistance level and structural fire hazard
grade of the house, number of exits from one floor and from the whole house.
In the rooms and on the escape routes outside the scope of the room, the fire hazard of building materials
belonging to the structural surface layers (finishing and facing) must be limited depending on the fire
hazard according to the regulations. function of the room and the house, taking into account other
solutions to protect the escape route.
3.1.5 When arranging for escape from rooms and houses, measures and means used for rescue must
not be taken into account, as well as exits that do not meet the requirements for escape routes specified
in 3.2. first.
3.1.6 It is not allowed to arrange rooms of group F5, class A or class B below rooms used for more than
50 people present at the same time; do not arrange these rooms of group F5 in basements and semi-
basements.
It is not allowed to arrange rooms of groups F1.1, F1.2 and F1.3 in basements and semi-basements.
3.1.7 In houses with 2 to 3 basements, only smoking rooms, supermarkets and commercial centers,
restaurants, refreshment bars and other public rooms are allowed to be located deeper than the
basement. 1 when there is a solution to ensure additional fire safety and approved by the competent Fire
Prevention and Rescue Police Agency.
At all basement floors, there must be at least one entrance to the escape staircase through the smoke-
blocking hall which is separated from the surrounding spaces by a type 2 fire-blocking wall. Doors must
be of the mechanical type. self-closing.
3.1.8 In order to ensure safe escape, fire must be detected and reported in a timely manner. Buildings
and building parts must be equipped with fire alarm systems according to current regulations.
NOTE The basic requirements for the arrangement of fire alarm systems are specified in TCVN 3890.
3.1.9 In order to protect people from escaping, they must protect against smoke entering the escape
routes of the house and its parts.
NOTE The basic requirements for smoke protection of buildings are specified in Annex D.
3.1.10 The effectiveness of solutions to ensure safety for people in case of fire can be evaluated by
calculation.
3.2 Emergency exits and emergency exits
3.2.1 Exits are considered emergency exits (also called emergency exits) if:
a) Lead from the rooms on the 1st floor to the outside in one of the following ways:
- Go out directly.
- Across the hallway.
- Through the lobby (or waiting room).
- Through the stairwell.
- Through the hallway and lobby (or waiting room).
- Through corridors and stairwells.
b) Leading from the rooms of any floor, except the first floor, into one of the following places:
- Directly enter the stairwell or go to the stairs of type 3.
- Enter the corridor leading directly to the stairwell or to the stairs of type 3.
- Enter a common room (or waiting room) with a direct exit leading to the stairwell or to the stairs of type
3.
- Enter the side corridor of the house below 28m leading directly to the stairs of type 2.
c) Leading to an adjoining room (except room of group F5, class A or B) on the same floor from which
there are exits as mentioned in a) and b). The exit leading to a room of class A or B is allowed to be
considered an exit if it leads from a technical room that has no room for regular workers but is only used
to serve the above class A or B rooms. .
3.2.2 Exits from basements and semi-basements are emergency exits when exiting directly to the
outside and separate from the common stairwells of the building (see illustration in Figure I.1, Appendix I).
.
Allow layout:
- Emergency exits from basements pass through common stairwells with separate entrances to the
outside and are separated from the rest of the stairwell by a grade 1 fire-blocking solid wall (see
illustration in Figure I. 2, Appendix I).
- Emergency exits from basements and semi-basement floors are arranged with rooms of classes C, D,
E, going into rooms of classes C4, D and E and entering the lobby located on the first floor of the house
of group F5 when ensure the requirements of 4.25.
- The emergency exits from the waiting room, storage room, smoking room and restroom in the
basements or semi-basement floors of the houses of groups F2, F3 and F4 go to the lobby of the 1st floor
by separate stairs of different types. 2.
- Buffer space, including double buffer space on direct exit from the house, basement and semi-
basement .
3.2.3 Exits are not considered as emergency exits if on these exits there are doors or gates with sliding
or folding doors, rolling doors, revolving doors.
Doors with opening wings (hinged doors) located in the above-mentioned doors or gates are considered
emergency exits if they are designed in accordance with regulatory requirements.
3.2.4 Number and width of emergency exits from rooms, floors and buildings are determined according
to the maximum number of escapees that can pass through them and the allowable limit distance from
the exits. as far as possible people (living, working) to the nearest emergency exit.
Note 1 to entry: The maximum number of people escaping from different spaces of the house or part of
the building is determined according to Appendix G, section G.3.
Note 2 to entry: In addition to the general requirements stated in this regulation, specific requirements on
the number and width of emergency exits are stated in the technical regulations for each type of
work. Appendix G outlines some specific regulations for common housing groups.
When a room or group of rooms has more than 50 people using it at the same time and has a different
function of fire hazard than the house, a separate escape route for those rooms must be ensured (directly
to the outside). or into the escape stairs).
3.2.5 The following rooms must have at least two exits:
- Group rooms F1.1 have more than 15 people at the same time.
- Rooms in basements and semi-basements are present for more than 15 people at the same
time; Particularly for rooms in the basement and semi-basement with 6 to 15 people present at the same
time, one of the two exits is allowed to comply with the requirements of 3.2.13d).
- Rooms with more than 50 people at the same time.
- Rooms of group F5, grade A or B with the number of people working in the largest shift greater than 5
people, grade C - when the number of people working in the largest shift is greater than 25 people or an
area larger than 1,000 m 2 .
- Open working floors or floors for operator and equipment maintenance in rooms of group F5 with an
area of more than 100 m 2 - for rooms of class A and B or larger than 400 m 2 - for rooms of other classes.
- The rooms of group F1.3 (apartment) are arranged on both floors (2 floors - often referred to as
penthouses), when the layout height of the upper floor is greater than 18 m, there must be an entrance.
escape from each floor.
3.2.6 Building floors belonging to the following groups must have at least two exits:
- F1.1; F1.2; F2.1; F2.2; F3; F4.
- F1.3 when the total area of apartments on a floor is more than 500 m 2 (for unit houses, the area per
floor of the unit is calculated). In case the total area is less than 500 m 2 and when there is only one
emergency exit from one floor, from each apartment at a height greater than 15 m, in addition to the
emergency exit, there must be an emergency exit according to 3.2 .13.
- F5, grade A or B when the number of people working in the largest shift is greater than 5 people, grade
C when the number of people working in the largest shift is greater than 25 people.
Basements and semi-basements must have no less than two emergency exits when the area is larger
than 300 m 2 or used for more than 15 people present at the same time.
It is allowed to have an emergency exit from each floor (or from a part of a floor that is separated from
other parts of the floor by fire-blocking parts) with functional fire hazard groups F1.2, F1.4, F2, F3, F4.2,
F4.3, F4.4 with the number of people per floor, calculated according to Table G.9 (Appendix G), not
exceeding 20 people and when the emergency exit entering the stair room is not smoke contaminated
with fire doors of type 2 (according to Table 2), and at the same time must ensure one of the following
conditions:
- For buildings with a height of not more than 15 m, the area of each floor must not be larger than 300
m2.
- For buildings with a height from over 15 m to 21 m, the area of each floor must not be larger than 200
m 2 and the whole house is protected by an automatic fire fighting system.
3.2.7 The number of emergency exits from a floor must not be less than two if this floor has rooms where
the number of emergency exits is not less than two.
The number of exits from a house must not be less than the number of exits from any floor of that house.
3.2.8 When there are two or more emergency exits, they must be scattered and when calculating the
escape capacity of the exits, it is necessary to assume that the fire has prevented the user from escaping
through one of those exits. The remaining exits must ensure safe escape for all people in the room, on
the floor or in that house (refer to the illustration in Figure I.3).
When a room, a part of a house or a floor of a building requires 2 or more emergency exits, at least two of
those exits must be scattered, placed at a distance from each other. equal to or greater than half the
length of the largest diagonal of the floor plan of that room, house or floor. The distance between two
emergency exits is measured according to the straight line connecting their two nearest edges (refer to
the illustration in Figure I.4 a), b), c)).
If the house is fully protected by automatic sprinkler fire suppression system, this distance can be
reduced to 1/3 of the maximum diagonal length of the above spaces (refer to the illustration in Figure I.4
d) )).
When there are two emergency exits connected by an inner corridor, the distance between the two exits
(the door to the escape staircase) is measured along the travel path along that corridor (Figure I.5). This
corridor must be protected as specified in 3.3.5.
3.2.9 Clearance height of emergency exits must not be less than 1.9 m, clearance width is not less than:
+ 1.2 m – from rooms of group F1.1 when the number of people escaping is more than 15 people, from
rooms and houses belonging to other functional fire danger groups with the number of people escaping
more than 50 people, except except for group F1.3.
+ 0.8 m – in all other cases.
The width of the doors going to the outside of the stairwell as well as of the doors going from the staircase
to the lobby must not be less than the calculated value or the width of the ladder specified in 3.4.1.
In all cases, when determining the width of an emergency exit, the geometry of the escape route through
the door hole or door must be taken into account to ensure that it does not impede the transportation of
stretchers with people lying on them.
3.2.10 The doors of the emergency exit and other doors on the escape route must be opened in the
direction of the exit from the inside to the outside. The opening direction of the doors is not specified for:
- Group rooms F1.3 and F1.4.
- Rooms with no more than 15 people present at the same time, except for rooms of class A or B.
- Warehouses have an area not larger than 200 m 2 and there is no room for regular workers.
- The restrooms.
- Exits leading to the landings of stairs of type 3.
3.2.11 Doors of emergency exits from floor corridors, common spaces, waiting rooms, halls and
stairwells must not have a locking latch so that the door can be opened freely from the inside without a
key. In buildings with a height of more than 15 m, the above-mentioned doors, except for those of
apartments, must be solid doors or with tempered glass.
The doors of the emergency exit from the rooms or corridors protected against forced smoke, must be
solid doors equipped with self-closing mechanism and the door slots must be sealed. These doors, if
necessary to open when in use, must be equipped with an automatic closing mechanism in case of fire.
For stair rooms, the doors must have a self-closing mechanism and the door slots must be sealed. The
doors in the stairs open directly to the outside, allowing no self-closing mechanism and no need to seal
the door slot. Except for the cases specified separately, the door of the stair room must ensure that it is a
fire prevention door of type 1 for buildings with fire resistance levels I, II; type 2 for buildings with fire
resistance grades III, IV; and grade 3 for buildings with fire resistance grade V.
In addition to the specified regulations, the doors of the emergency exits from the corridors of the floors
leading to the stair room serving 4 floors or more (except in houses serving the purpose of detention and
renovation) must be guaranteed:
- All electric locks installed on doors must automatically open when the building's automatic fire alarm
system is activated. Even in the event of a power failure, those electric locks must also automatically
open.
- The user of the elevator can always return to the inside of the house through the door just passed or
through the points where the door is arranged to return to the inside of the house.
- Arrange in advance the points of return to the inside of the house on the principle that the doors are only
allowed to prevent the return to the inside if all of the following requirements are met:
+ There are not less than two floors where it is possible to go out of the stairwell to another emergency
exit.
+ There are no more than 4 floors located between floors that can go out of the stairwell to another
emergency exit.
+ The return to the interior of the building must be possible at the top floor or the lower floor adjacent to
the top floor served by the emergency exit staircase if this floor allows access to another emergency exit.
+ Doors that allow returning to the inside of the house must be marked on the door surface inside the
elevator with the words "Door can enter the house" with the height of letters at least 50 mm, the
arrangement height is less than 1.2 m and not higher than 1.8 m.
+ Doors that are not allowed to return to the inside of the house must have a notice on the door surface
inside the elevator room to identify the position of the door returning to the inside of the house or the
nearest emergency exit in each direction of travel.
NOTE: For doors that do not allow returning to the inside of the house, on the door face of the indoor
corridor (outside the elevator room) there should be a warning sign that users cannot return to the house
when they leave. through that door.
3.2.12 Exits that do not satisfy the requirements for emergency exits can be considered as emergency
exits to increase safety for people in case of fire. Emergency exits are not included in the calculation of
escape in case of fire.
3.2.13 In addition to the case mentioned in 3.2.12, emergency exits include:
a) Exit to the balcony or loggia, where there is a solid wall with a width of not less than 1.2 m from the
edge of the balcony (loggia) to the window (or glazed door) or not less than 1 ,6 m between the glass
windows opening to the balcony (loggia).
b) The exit leads to an open transitional passage (overpass) leading to an adjacent unit of the house of
group F1.3 or to an adjacent fire compartment. This transitional walkway must have a width of not less
than 0.6 m.
c) Exit to the balcony or loggia, which is equipped with an external ladder connecting the balconies or the
loggia on each floor.
d) Direct exit to the outside from rooms with finished floor level not lower than minus 4.5 m and not higher
than 5.0 m through a window or door with dimensions not less than 0.75 mx 1.5 m, as well as through the
hatch with dimensions not less than 0.6 m x 0.8 m; then at these exits must be equipped with
ladders; The slope of these ladders is not specified.
e) Exit to the roof of a building with fire resistance levels I, II and III of grades S0 and S1 through
windows, doors or hatches with dimensions and ladders specified in item d).
3.2.14 In the technical floors, it is allowed to arrange emergency exits with a height of not less than 1.8 m.
From the technical floors only used to place engineering networks (pipes, lines, ...) it is allowed to arrange
emergency exits through doors with dimensions not less than 0.75 m x 1.5 m or through the hatch with
dimensions not less than 0.6 m x 0.8 m without having to arrange an emergency exit.
When a technical floor has an area of up to 300 m 2, it is allowed to arrange an emergency exit, and for
each subsequent area less than or equal to 2 000 m 2 , no less than one emergency exit must be
arranged.
In basement technical floors, these exits must be separated from other exits of the house and lead
directly to the outside.
3.3 Escape route
3.3.1 The escape route is a continuous and unblocked path from any point in the house or structure to
the exit to the outside. Escape routes shall be illuminated and indicated in accordance with the
requirements of TCVN 3890.
3.3.2 The allowable limit distance from the furthest position of the room, or from the furthest working
place to the nearest emergency exit, measured along the axis of the escape route, must be limited
depending on:
- Fire hazard group according to function and fire and explosion hazard class (see Appendix C) of the
room and house.
- Number of survivors.
- Geometric parameters of the room and the escape route.
- Structural fire hazard level and building's fire resistance level.
The length of the escape route according to the type 2 stairs is equal to three times the height of that
ladder.
NOTE: Specific requirements on the allowable limit distance from the furthest location to the nearest
emergency exit are stated in the regulations for each type of building. Appendix G outlines some specific
regulations for common housing groups.
3.3.3 When arranging, designing the escape routes must be based on the requirements of 3.2.1. The
escape route does not include the elevators, escalators and the road sections mentioned below:
- The path through the inner corridors with exits from the elevator well, through the elevator halls and the
buffer spaces in front of the elevator, if the structures covering the elevator well, including the door of the
elevator well, do not meet the requirements. meet the same requirements as for fire-blocking parts.
- The path through the stairwells when there is a way through the staircase is part of the inner corridor, as
well as the way through the room where the stairs of type 2 are located, which are not stairs. to escape.
- The path follows the roof, except the roof is being exploited or used or a part of the roof is specially
equipped for the purpose of escape.
- The path follows the stairs of type 2, connecting from three floors (floors) or more, as well as leading
from the basement and semi-basement, except for the cases mentioned in 3.2.2.
3.3.4 On the escape route in buildings of all fire resistance levels and structural fire hazard levels, except
for buildings with fire resistance grade V and buildings of class S3, it is not allowed to use materials with
high fire resistance. Fire hazard is higher than the following groups:
- Ch1, BC1, SK2, DT2 - for wall finishes, ceilings and ceiling panels suspended in halls, in stairwells and
in lift lobbies.
- Ch2, BC2, SK3, DT3 or Ch2, BC3, SK2, DT2 - for wall finishes, ceilings and suspended ceiling panels in
common corridors, common rooms and lounges.
- Ch2, LT2, SK2, DT2 - for floor coverings in lobbies, stairwells and elevator lobbies.
- BC2, LT2, SK3, DT2 - for floor coverings in common corridors, common spaces and lounges.
In rooms of groups F5, grades A, B and C1, in which flammable liquids are produced, used or stored,
floors must be made of non-combustible or flammable materials of group F5. Ch1.
Ceiling frames suspended in rooms and on escape routes must be made of non-combustible materials.
3.3.5 In the corridors above the emergency exits mentioned in 3.2.1, except for specific cases in the
regulations, it is not allowed to arrange: equipment protruding from the plane of the wall on a height of
less than 2 m; flammable gas and flammable liquid ducts, as well as wall cabinets, excluding
communication cabinets and fire hydrants.
Corridors mentioned in 3.2.1 must be covered with fire-blocking components in accordance with
regulations in regulations for each type of building. Fire-blocking parts covering the middle corridor of
buildings with fire resistance grade I must be made of non-combustible materials with fire resistance limit
of at least EI 30 and those of buildings with fire resistance grades II, III and IV must be made of materials.
non-combustible or weakly flammable (Ch1) with fire resistance limit of at least EI 15. Particularly for
buildings with fire resistance grade II of fire and explosion hazard classes D, E (see Appendix C) the
corridor may be covered with a wall. glasses. The doors opening to the corridor must be fire-blocking
doors with fire-resisting limits not lower than the fire-resistance limits of the fire-blocking parts.
Corridors longer than 60 m must be divided by type 2 fire partitions into segments whose length is
determined according to the smoke protection requirements stated in Appendix D, but must not exceed
60 m. The doors in these fire partitions must comply with the requirements of 3.2.11.
When the doors of the room open to protrude into the corridor, the width of the escape route along the
corridor is equal to the clear width of the corridor minus:
- Half the width of the door's overhang (calculated for the most overhanging door) - when the door is
arranged on one side of the corridor.
- The whole width of the protruding part of the door (calculated for the door that protrudes the most) -
when the doors are arranged on both sides of the corridor.
- This requirement does not apply to the floor corridor (common hall) located between the door from the
apartment and the door leading to the stair room in the building units of group F1.3.
3.3.6 Clearance height of horizontal sections of emergency exits must not be less than 2 m, clearance
width of horizontal sections of emergency exits and ramps must not be less than:
a) 1.2 m - for the common corridor used to escape for more than 15 people from rooms of group F1, more
than 50 people - from rooms belonging to other functional fire hazard groups.
b) 0.7 m – for aisles to single workplaces.
c) 1.0 m – in all other cases.
In any case, escape routes should be wide enough, taking into account their geometry, not to impede the
transportation of stretchers with people lying on them.
3.3.7 On the floor of the escape route, there must be no steps with height difference of less than 45 cm
or protruding ledge, except for thresholds in doorways. At the places where there are steps, steps must
be arranged with the number of steps not less than 3 or ramps with a slope not greater than 1: 6 (the
difference in height must not exceed 10 cm on the length of 60 cm or the angle formed by slope with
ground not greater than 9.5º).
When making stairs in places with height difference greater than 45 cm, handrails must be arranged.
Except for the cases specified in 3.4.4, on the escape route, it is not allowed to arrange spiral stairs, full
or partial curved stairs according to the plan and within a ladder and a stair room. It is not allowed to
arrange steps with different heights and different widths of steps. No mirrors are arranged on the escape
route, causing confusion about the escape route.
3.4 Stairs and stairwells on the escape route
3.4.1 The width of the stairs used to escape people, including the stairs placed in the stairwell, must not
be less than the calculated width or the width of any emergency exits (doors) above. it, and at the same
time must not be less than:
a) 1.35 m – for houses of group F1.1.
b) 1.2 m – for houses with more than 200 people on any floor, except the first floor.
c) 0.7 m – for stairs leading to individual workplaces.
d) 0.9 m – for all other cases.
3.4.2 The slope (angle of inclination) of the stairs on the escape routes must not be greater than 1: 1
(45º); the width of the steps must not be less than 25 cm, and the height of the steps must not be more
than 22 cm
The slope (angle of inclination) of the open stairs leading to individual workplaces is allowed to increase
to 2 : 1 (63.5º).
It is allowed to reduce the width of the step surface of the welcoming curved stairs (usually arranged in
the first floor lobby) at the narrow part to 22 cm; It is allowed to reduce the width of the steps to 12 cm for
the stairs used only for rooms with a total working space of no more than 15 people (except for rooms of
group F5, class A or B).
Grade 3 stairs must be made of non-combustible materials and placed close to solid parts (without
window panes or light holes) of walls having fire hazard group not lower than K1 and having fire
resistance limit not lower than REI 30. These stairs must have a landing at the same level as the
emergency exit, with a balustrade 1.2 m high and located not less than 1.0 m from the window opening.
Stairs of type 2 must satisfy the specified requirements for stairs and stairs in the stairwell.
3.4.3 The width of the stair mat must not be less than the width of the ladder. As for the width of the
landing in front of the elevator entrance (the stairway is also the lobby of the elevator) for elevators with
hinged doors open, must not be less than the sum of the width of the ladder and half of the width of the
wings. door of the elevator, but not less than 1.6 m.
The intermediate landings in the straight staircase must have a length of not less than 1.0 m.
Doors with doors that open to the stairwell, when opened, the door must not reduce the calculated width
of the stairs and the stairs.
3.4.4 In buildings belonging to the functional fire hazard group F4, it is allowed to arrange curved stairs
on the escape route when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
- The height of the ladder is not more than 9.0 m.
- The width of the ladder is in accordance with the provisions of this regulation.
- The minimum radius of curvature is not less than 2 times the width of the ladder.
- The height of the step collar is in the range from 150 mm to 190 mm.
- The inner width of the step surface (measured from the smallest end of the step 270 mm) is not less
than 220 mm.
- The measured width at the middle of the length of the tread is not less than 250 mm.
- The outer width of the step surface (measured from the largest end of the step 270 mm) does not
exceed 450 mm.
- The sum of 2 times the height of the step neck with the inner width of the step not less than 480 mm and
the outer width of the step not more than 800 mm.
3.4.5 In stairwells and buffer spaces (if any), it is not allowed to arrange:
- Combustible gas and flammable liquid pipes.
- Wall cabinets, except for communication cabinets and cabinets containing fire hydrants.
- Open-layed cables and wires (except for low-current equipment) including for lighting corridors and
stairwells.
- Exits from lifts and lifting equipment.
- Exits to the storage room or the technical room.
- Devices that protrude from the wall at a height of less than 2.2 m from the surface of the steps and
stairs.
In the space of stairs, it is not allowed to arrange any function rooms.
3.4.6 In the space of the stairwells, except for those without smoke, it is allowed to arrange no more than
two lifts carrying people down to the first floor only with structures covering the wells made of materials.
fireproof.
Elevator wells located outside the house, if needing to be covered, must use structures made of non-
combustible materials.
3.4.7 Staircases on the 1st floor must have direct exits to the land adjacent to the house or through the
hall which is separated from the adjacent corridors by type 1 fire partitions with doors. When arranging
emergency exits from two staircases through the common hall, one of them, except for the exit leading to
the lobby, must have a door to the outside directly.
It is allowed to arrange emergency exits from two staircases through the common hall for buildings with a
height of less than 28 m, an area of each floor not exceeding 300 m 2 , with the number of users on each
floor, calculated according to Table G.9 (Appendix G), no more than 50 people and the whole house is
protected by automatic fire fighting system in accordance with current regulations.
Staircases of type N1 must have direct exits to the outdoors.
3.4.8 Staircases must be well-lit. Except for stairs of type L2, lighting can be ensured by openings for
light with an area of not less than 1.2 m 2 on the outer walls on each floor.
It is allowed to arrange no more than 50% of the inner stairwell without openings for light, used for
escape, in the following cases:
- Buildings of groups F2, F3 and F4: for elevators of type N2 or N3 with positive air pressure when
burning.
- Buildings of group F5, grade C have a height of up to 28 m, while classes D and E do not depend on the
height of the building: for the N3 ladder chamber, there is positive air pressure when burning.
Staircases of type L2 must have a light intake hole on the roof with an area of not less than 4 m 2 with the
gap between the stairs having a width of not less than 0.7 m or a light well along the height of the room.
stairs with cross-sectional area not less than 2 m 2 .
3.4.9 Protection against smoke of stair rooms of type N2 and N3 must comply with Appendix D. When
necessary, stair rooms of type N2 must be divided into compartments according to height by solid fire
partitions of type 1. with the passage between the compartments outside the space of the stairwell.
Windows in stair rooms of type N2 must be non-openable.
Buffer spaces of stair rooms of type N3 must have an area of not less than 3.0 m 2 and not less than 6.0
m 2 if such space is also the lobby of the fire elevator.
3.4.10 Smoke- freeness of smoke-free buffer space leading to smoke-free stairwells of type N1 must be
ensured by natural ventilation with appropriate structural solutions and layout - space. Some of the cases
that are considered suitable are as follows:
NOTE: Appendix I (I.3.2) illustrates a number of options for arranging smoke-free buffer space to enter
the stair room of type N1.
a) The smoke-free spacers must be open, open to the outside, usually not located in the interior corners
of the building, and must meet the following requirements (see Figure I.7):
- When a part of the outer wall of the house connects with another wall at an angle less than 135º , the
horizontal distance from the nearest door opening in this buffer space to the top of the adjacent corner
must not be less than 4 m; this distance can be reduced to the value of the overhang of the outer
wall; This requirement does not apply to walkways, located at contiguous angles greater than or equal to
135º, as well as to protrusions of outer walls whose value is not greater than 1.2 m.
- The width of the wall between the door openings of the smoke-free space and the nearest window of the
room must not be less than 2 m.
- The aisles must have a width of not less than 1.2 m with a handrail height of 1.2 m, the width of the wall
between the door openings in the smoke-free space must not be less than 1.2 m.
NOTE Some similar cases of this type are illustrated in Annex I, Figures I.8 a), b) and c).
b) The smoke-free space in the side corridor (see Figures I.8 h), i) and k)) is naturally lit and ventilated by
vents that open to the side and contact one of the air spaces. following time:
- Outer space.
- A street or public street or other public space completely open above.
- A vertical ventilation well with a width of not less than 6 m and an open surface area not less than 93
m2.
c) Approximately buffer uninfected smoke passes through a lobby to prevent the smoke has an area of
not less than 6 m 2 with the smallest size in each direction is not less than 2 m is separated from the
adjoining areas of the building by walls Class 2 fire. Doors must have self-closing mechanism and door
slots must be sealed. The design of the smoke-blocking lobby must ensure that it does not obstruct the
movement of users on the escape route. Smoke-freeness of the smoke-blocking lobby must be ensured
by one of the following solutions:
- There are ventilation holes with an area of not less than 15% of the floor area of the smoke-blocking
lobby and located no more than 9 m from any part of the lobby. These ventilation openings must be
connected to a vertical well or vent cavity throughout the height of the building. Dimensions of vertical
wells or recesses must ensure that the width is not less than 6 m and the open surface area is not less
than 93 m 2 . The wall surrounding the vertical well must have a fire resistance of at least 1 hour and there
must be no openings in the well other than the ventilation holes of the smoke-blocking hall, the escape
ladder room and the restrooms (see Figure I. 8 d), e), f)); or
- The corridor is horizontally ventilated, with fixed ventilation holes located on the two outer walls. The
openings in each outer wall shall not be less than 50% of the open surface area of the opposite outer
wall. The distance from any point of the corridor floor to any opening should not be more than 13 m (see
Figure I.8 g)).
3.4.11 Staircases of type L1 and stairs of type 3 are allowed to be arranged in buildings of all functional
fire hazard groups with a height of up to 28 m; then, in a house of class F5, class A or B, the exit to the
floor corridor from rooms of class A or B must go through a buffer chamber that always has positive air
pressure.
3.4.12 Staircases of type L2 are allowed to be arranged in buildings with fire resistance levels I, II, III
belonging to structural fire hazard classes S0, S1 and functional fire hazard groups F1, F2, F3 and F4 ,
with a height not exceeding 9 m. It is allowed to increase the height of the house to 12 m when the upper
light hole is opened automatically when there is a fire and when the house of group F1.3 has an
automatic fire alarm system or has independent fire detectors.
When arranging stairs of type L2, the following requirements must also be met:
- In the buildings of groups F2, F3 and F4, the number of staircases of type L2 must not exceed 50%, the
remaining stairwells must have holes for light on the outer wall on each floor (type L1).
- For single-family buildings of group F1.3, there must be an emergency exit in each apartment with a
height of over 4m.
3.4.13 In buildings with a height greater than 28 m, as well as in buildings of Group F5, class A or B, a
smoke-free stair room must be arranged, in which a ladder room of type N1 must be arranged.
NOTE: Staircase N1 can be replaced as stated in 2.5.1c) provided that the outside air supply system into
the buffer space and into the elevator room must be powered from 03 priority sources (01 source). mains
power and 02 backup generators or 02 priority power sources and 01 backup power source) ensuring the
principle of continuously maintaining the power supply for the system to operate stably in the event of a
fire.
Allow:
- Arrange no more than 50% of stairs of type N2 in buildings of group F1.3 in the form of corridors.
- Arrange not more than 50% of stair rooms of type N2 or N3 with positive air pressure when burning in
buildings of groups F1.1, F1.2, F2, F3 and F4.
- Arrange stairs of types N2 and N3 with natural lighting and always have positive air pressure in buildings
of group F5, grade A or B.
- Arrange stairs of type N2 or N3 with positive air pressure when burning in buildings of group F5, class B.
- Arrange staircase of type N2 or N3 with positive air pressure when burning in buildings of group F5,
class C or D. When arranging staircase of type L1, the elevator chamber must be divided by a solid fire
partition through each room. 20 m in height and the passage from one compartment to another of the
elevator room must be located outside the space of the elevator room.
- For apartment buildings (F1.3) with a height of more than 28 m but not more than 75 m and the total
area of apartments on each floor not exceeding 500 m 2 , it is allowed to arrange 01 escape staircase if
emergency exits of floors in accordance with regulations in 3.2.6, apartments are equipped with
addressable fire detectors, have automatic fire fighting on all floors and meet the following requirements:
+ Using stairs of type N1 in corridor-type houses;
+ Using stairs of N2 or N3 type, combined with an elevator that is a fire-fighting elevator, in a monolithic
house.
3.4.14 In buildings with smoke-free stairwells, smoke protection must be arranged for common corridors,
halls, common spaces and waiting rooms.
3.4.15 In buildings with fire resistance levels I and II belonging to structural fire hazard class S0, it is
allowed to arrange type 2 stairs going from the lobby to the second floor, taking into account the
requirements of 4.26.
3.4.16 In buildings with a height of not more than 28 m belonging to functional fire hazard groups F1.2,
F2, F3, F4, with fire resistance levels I, II and structural fire hazard class S0, it is allowed to use using
type 2 stairs connecting two floors or more, when the escape stairs meet the requirements of standard
documents and 4.27.
3.4.17 The escalators must be arranged in accordance with the requirements specified for the stairs of
type 2.
4. FIRE PREVENTING LAN
4.1 The prevention of the spread of fire is carried out by measures to limit the fire area, fire intensity and
burning time. Detail:
- Use structural solutions and layout - space, to prevent the spread of dangerous elements of the fire in a
room, between rooms, between groups of rooms with different characteristics. fire hazards according to
different functions, between floors and units, between fire compartments, as well as between buildings.
- Limiting fire hazards and technological fire hazards in rooms and houses.
- Limiting the fire hazard of building materials used in the surface layers of the house structure, including:
roofing layers, finishing layers of outer walls, rooms and escape routes. .
- Have primary fire fighting equipment, which includes automatic and hand-held equipment.
- Fire detectors and fire alarms are available.
NOTE: Regulations on fire prevention distance between houses, public works and manufacturers are
given in Appendix E. Distance between flammable liquid storages, open ground storages containing
containing combustible substances, LPG tanks 1) , combustible gas to other works must comply with
specialized regulations.
4.2 Apartment buildings, dormitories, public works, manufacturers and warehouses must satisfy the fire
prevention and fighting requirements of this Regulation and the provisions of the design standards for
those types of works. . Particularly, the number of floors (allowable height of the house), area of the fire
compartment and the limited floor for the arrangement of halls, lecture halls, conferences, seminars,
meeting rooms, sports halls... must comply with the regulations mentioned above. in Appendix H.
4.3 Building parts (rooms, shelters, technical floors, basements, semi-basements and other parts of the
building) that are difficult to fight fire should be equipped with additional means to limit the area volume,
intensity and burning time.
4.4 The effectiveness of solutions to prevent the spread of fire is allowed to be evaluated by economic-
technical calculations based on the requirements of 1.5.1 on limiting direct and indirect damage caused
by fire. .
4.5 Parts of buildings and rooms belonging to different fire hazard groups according to different functions
must be separated from each other by separating structures with fire resistance limits and structural fire
hazard classes as prescribed or separated by fireproof components.
Then the requirements for these partitioning structures and fire-blocking parts are considered taking into
account the fire hazard according to the function of the rooms, the value of fire load, fire resistance level
and level of fire danger. structure of the house.
4.6 In a building, when parts with different fire hazards according to different functions have been divided
by fire-blocking parts, each part must meet the requirements for fire protection set forth as for houses with
dangerous groups. fire hazard according to the respective function.
The selection of the fire protection system of the building must be based on the following: when parts of
the building have different functional fire hazards, the functional fire hazard of the building may be greater
than the functional fire hazard. functional fire hazard of any part of the building.
4.7 In buildings of group F5, if technology requirements allow, it is necessary to arrange rooms of grades
A and B near the outer wall, and in multi-storey buildings, it is necessary to arrange these rooms on the
upper floors. .
4.8 In basements and semi-basements, it is not allowed to arrange rooms that use or store combustible
gases and liquids as well as flammable materials, unless otherwise specified. considered separately.
4.9 Construction components must not facilitate the spread of underground fire.
4.10 The fire resistance of the connection details of the building member must not be lower than the
required fire resistance of the member itself.
4.11 Floor sloping structures in audience rooms must meet the requirements for fire resistance limits and
fire hazard levels according to Tables 4 and 5 as for floors between floors.
4.12 When arranging technical pipelines and cables going through wall, floor and bulkhead structures,
the junction between pipes and cables with these structures must be properly sealed or treated to does
not reduce the fire specifications required by the structure.
4.13 Flame retardant coatings and impregnations, treated on the open surface of members, shall meet
the requirements set forth for the finishing of such members.
In the technical documents for fireproof coatings or impregnations, it is necessary to specify the period of
their replacement or restoration depending on service conditions.
In order to increase the fire resistance limit or reduce the fire hazard of the structure, it is not allowed to
use fireproof coatings and impregnations at locations where it is not possible to restore or periodically
replace them.
4.14 The effectiveness of flame retardant treatments (materials), for reducing the fire hazard of materials,
shall be evaluated by the fire hazard group tests of building materials described in part 2 ( Technical
classification of fire).
The effectiveness of flame retardant treatment substances (materials), used to improve the fire resistance
of the structure, must be evaluated by the fire resistance test of the building components mentioned in
part 2 (Classification of the fire resistance). fire engineering).
The effectiveness of flame retardant treatment substances (materials), which are not taken into account
when determining the bearing capacity of metal structures (columns or beams), is allowed to be
evaluated by comparative tests of models. miniature size of columns with exposed height not less than
1.7 m or beam models with exposed length not less than 2.8 m without static load.
4.15 Suspended ceilings, in addition to meeting the requirements for fire hazard of materials (as stated in
3.3.4), fire partitions in rooms with suspended ceilings must divide the space above that suspended
ceiling.
In the space above the suspended ceilings, it is not allowed to arrange channels and pipes for
transporting gaseous combustible substances, dust-gas mixtures, liquids and combustible
materials. Suspended ceilings are not arranged in rooms of class A or B.
4.16 At the intersections between fire-blocking parts and the building's covering structures, even at
locations where the shape of the building is changed, there must be solutions to prevent fire from
spreading through the parts. prevent this fire.
4.17 Fire-blocking walls, used to divide the building into fire compartments, must be arranged on the
entire height of the building and must ensure that no fire is spread from the fire source into the adjacent
fire compartment when the housing structures are located. The fire side collapsed.
4.18 Ventilation holes in fire-blocking parts must be closed in case of fire.
The windows in the fire-blocking parts must be those that cannot be opened, while the doors, gates,
hatches and valves must have a self-closing mechanism and the door slots must be sealed. Doors, gates,
hatches and valves, if they need to be opened for exploitation and use, must be fitted with devices that
automatically close in case of fire.
4.19 The total area of door openings in fire-blocking parts, excluding the cover structure of elevator wells,
must not exceed 25% of the area of such fire-blocking parts. Fire doors and valves in fire-blocking parts
must meet the requirements of 2.4.3 and the requirements of this part.
At the doors in the fire-blocking parts used to separate rooms of class A or B from other spaces such as:
rooms with classes different from those of class A or B, corridors, stair rooms and elevator halls, must be
arranged. Buffer compartments always have positive air pressure as required in Appendix D. It is not
allowed to arrange common buffer compartments for two or more rooms with the same class A or B.
4.20 When it is not possible to arrange fire-blocking buffer compartments in the fire-blocking parts used
to separate rooms of class A or B from other rooms or when it is impossible to arrange doors, gates,
hatches and valves in the rooms. fire-blocking parts are used to separate Class C rooms from other
rooms, it is necessary to establish a combination of solutions to prevent the spread of fire and the
penetration of gases into adjacent rooms and floors. , flammable vapors, vapors of combustible liquids,
dusts and fibers which have the potential to form explosively hazardous concentrations. The effectiveness
of such solutions must be proven.
In the door openings of fire-blocking parts between adjacent rooms of classes C, D and E, when it is not
possible to close by fire doors or gates, it is allowed to arrange open buffer compartments equipped with
fire fighting equipment. automatic. The covering structures of these buffer spaces must be suitable fire-
blocking structures.
4.21 Fire-stop doors and valves in fire-blocking parts must be made of non-combustible materials.
It is allowed to use materials of the flammability group not lower than Ch3 protected by non-combustible
materials with a thickness of not less than 4 mm to make fire doors, gates, lids and valves.
Doors of fire-blocking buffer compartments, doors, gates, fire-blocking doors in fire-blocking parts on the
side of rooms in which combustible gases, combustible liquids and combustible materials are not stored
and used. as well as not having technological processes related to the formation of combustible dusts, it
is allowed to be made from materials of the flammable group Ch3 with a thickness of not less than 40 mm
and without voids.
4.22 It is not allowed to arrange channels, wells and pipelines for transporting combustible gas and dust
mixture
- combustible gases, combustible liquids, combustible substances and materials penetrate class 1 fire-
blocking walls and floors.
For channels, wells and pipelines for transporting substances and materials other than those mentioned
above, at the intersections with these fire-blocking parts, there must be automatic devices to prevent the
spread of these substances. Combustion products follow channels, wells and ducts.
Note 1 to entry: It is allowed to place ventilation pipes and chimneys in fire-blocking walls of houses,
public works and ancillary buildings when the minimum thickness of fire-blocking walls (except pipe cross-
section) at that place is not allowed. less than 25 cm, and the thickness of the compartment between the
chimney and the vent is at least 12 cm.
NOTE 2: Holes for laying water pipes in fire-blocking parts must be treated in accordance with the
provisions of 4.12.
4.23 Covering structures of elevator wells (except for those mentioned in 3.4.6) and elevator engine
rooms (except roof rooms), as well as of channels, wells and engineering boxes must meet meet the
same requirements as for class 1 fire partitions and class 3 fire prevention floors. The fire resistance limit
of the covering structures between the elevator well and the elevator's engine room is not specified.
When it is not possible to install fire doors in the structures covering the above-mentioned elevator wells,
buffer spaces or halls with type 1 fire partitions and type 3 fire-blocking floors or automatic closing
screens must be arranged. the openings of the wells in case of fire. These screens must be made of non-
combustible materials and their fire resistance limit is not less than E 30.
In buildings with smoke-free stairwells, automatic anti-smoke protection must be arranged for lift wells
whose exits do not have fire-blocking buffer compartments with positive air pressure when burning.
4.24 Garbage chamber, garbage pipe and garbage collection door must be designed and installed in
accordance with the standards and technical requirements specified for this part and the specific
requirements as follows:
- Garbage pipes and garbage chambers must be isolated from other parts of the house by fire-blocking
parts; Garbage collection doors on floors must have fire doors that automatically close.
- Trash pipes must be made of non-combustible materials.
- It is not allowed to place garbage pipes and garbage storage chambers inside the stairwells, lobby or
buffer compartments covered with fire prevention for escape.
- Rooms containing garbage pipes or for storing garbage must have direct entrance through a ventilated
space outside the house or through a regularly ventilated fire-blocking space.
- The door to the garbage chamber must not be located adjacent to the emergency exits or the door to
the outside of the house or close to the window of the house.
4.25 According to the conditions of technology, it is allowed to arrange separate stairs for circulation
between basements or semi-basements with the first floor.
These stairs must be covered with fire partitions of type 1 with a fire-blocking space with positive air
pressure when burning.
It is allowed not to arrange the fire-blocking buffer space as stated for these stairs in buildings of group
F5, provided that they lead from the basement or semi-basement with rooms of classes C4, D, and E to
rooms of the same class. on the first floor.
These stairs are not included in the escape calculation, except for the cases mentioned in 3.2.1.
4.26 When arranging type 2 stairs from the 1st floor lobby to the 2nd floor, this lobby must be separated
from the corridors and adjacent rooms by type 1 fire partitions.
4.27 The room, in which the stairs of class 2 are arranged according to 3.4.16, must be separated from
the corridors connected to it and other rooms by fire partitions of type 1. It is allowed not to separate the
room. There is a staircase of type 2 with fire partitions when:
- There is automatic fire fighting equipment in the whole house; or
- In the height not greater than 9 meters with a floor area not exceeding 300 m 2 .
4.28 In basements or semi-basements, in front of the entrance to the elevators, there must be type 1 fire-
blocking buffer compartments with positive air pressure when burning.
4.29 The selection of the size of the building and the fire compartments, as well as the distance between
the buildings, must be based on the fire resistance grade, the structural fire hazard class, the functional
fire hazard group and the fire load value, taking into account the effectiveness of the means of fire
protection used, the presence, location and level of equipment of the fire fighting units, the possible
economic and ecological consequences of the fire.
4.30 During the exploitation and operation, all technical fire protection equipment must ensure the ability
to work in accordance with the set requirements.
4.31 The installation of automatic fire alarm and extinguishing systems must comply with TCVN 3890.
5. FIRE WATER SUPPLY
5.1 Water supply for fire fighting outside the house
5.1.1 Fire safety requirements for outdoor fire fighting water supply
5.1.1.1 The provision of fire fighting water outside the building must be made according to the provisions
of TCVN 3890 and other alternative standard documents.
5.1.1.2 The water quality of the fire-fighting water supply must be suitable for the operating conditions of
the fire-fighting means and the fire-fighting method.
5.1.1.3 Fire-fighting water piping system usually has low pressure, maintaining high pressure only when
it is consistent with the argument. For high pressure pipelines, fire pumps must be equipped with means
to ensure operation no later than 5 minutes after the fire alarm signal is given.
5.1.1.4 Minimum free pressure in low pressure fire fighting water pipes (located on the ground) when
fighting fire must not be less than 10 m. The minimum free pressure in the high-pressure fire-fighting
pipeline network must ensure that the solid water jet height is not less than 20 m when the maximum
required fire-fighting flow and the fire hydrant is at the highest point of the building. The free pressure in
the combined pipeline network is not less than 10 m and not more than 60 m.
5.1.2 Fire safety requirements for water flow for outdoor fire fighting
5.1.2.1 Water flow for outdoor fire fighting (calculated for 1 fire) and number of simultaneous fires in a
residential area calculated for the main pipe network connecting the ring are taken according to Table 7.
5.1.2.2 Water flow for outdoor fire fighting (for 1 fire) for buildings belonging to fire hazard group
according to function F1, F2, F3, F4 calculated for combined pipelines and distribution pipes of the
pipeline network , as well as the pipeline network in a small cluster (1 hamlet, 1 block, etc.) taken
according to the maximum value of Table 8.
5.1.2.3 Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for buildings with fire hazard group according to function F5,
calculated for 1 fire, taken according to the house with the maximum required value as shown in Table 9
and Table 10.
Note 1 to entry: When calculating the fire fighting water flow for 02 fires, the same value is taken for the
02 houses with the largest flow requirements.
Note 2: Water flow for fire fighting outside the house for independent auxiliary houses is taken according
to Table 8 like for houses with functional fire hazard groups F2, F3, F4, and if it is located in
manufacturers, calculated according to the manufacturer's common volume and taken according to Table
9.
NOTE 3: Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for houses of agricultural establishments with fire resistance
classes I, II with volume not greater than 5 000 m 3 fire and explosion hazard classes D, E is taken as 5 l
/S.
NOTE 4: Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for radio and television stations does not depend on the
volume of the station and the number of people living in the area where these stations are located. both
when Tables 9 and 10 specify a flow lower than this value.
Note 5 to entry: The water flow rates for outdoor fire fighting for buildings of larger volume in Tables 9 and
10 are subject to special requirements.
NOTE 6: For buildings with fire resistance grade II made of wooden structures, the water flow for fire
fighting outside the house is taken to be 5 l/s larger than Table 9 and Table 10.
NOTE 7: Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for houses and cold storage areas for food preservation is the
same as for houses with fire hazard class C.
Table 7 - Water flow from pipe network for outdoor fire fighting in residential areas
Population, x 1,000 Number of Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for 1 fire, l/s
people simultaneous
fires Building houses with no more than Building houses with 3 floors or
2 floors regardless of fire more regardless of fire resistance
resistance level level
(first) (2) (3) (4)

1 first 5 ten
From 1 to 5 first ten ten
Over 5 to 10 first ten 15
Over 10 to 25 2 ten 15
Over 25 to 50 2 20 25
Over 50 to 100 2 25 35
Over 100 to 200 3 - 40
Over 200 to 300 3 - 55
Over 300 to 400 3 - 70
Over 400 to 500 3 - 80
Over 500 to 600 3 - 85
Over 600 to 700 3 - 90
Over 700 to 800 3 - 95
Over 800 to 1000 3 - 100
Over 1000 1 5 - 110
NOTE 8: Water flow for fire fighting outside the house in a residential area must not be less than the
water flow for fire fighting for the house according to Table 8.
NOTE 9 When implementing regional water supply, the water flow for outdoor fire fighting and the
number of simultaneous fires in each area is taken depending on the number of people living in the area.
NOTE 10: The number of simultaneous fires and the water flow for 1 fire for an area with a population
over 1 million people are subject to the argument of special technical requirements.
NOTE 11: For the system of group (common) pipeline clusters, the number of simultaneous fires is taken
depending on the total number of people in the clusters connected to the pipeline system.
The water flow to recover the amount of fire fighting water according to the group of pipes is determined
by the total amount of water for the residential area (corresponding to the number of simultaneous fires)
for fire fighting according to 5.1.3.3 and 5.1.3.4 .
NOTE 12: The number of simultaneous calculated fires in a residential area must include both
manufacturer and warehouse fires in that residential area. Then the calculated water flow includes the
corresponding fire fighting water flow for those buildings, but not less than the value in Table 7.
NOTE 13: For residential areas with more than 100,000 people and buildings with no more than 2 floors,
the water flow for fire fighting outside the house for 1 fire must be equal to the regulations for residential
areas with 3 buildings. floors and higher.
Table 8 - Water flow rate for outdoor fire fighting of houses in fire hazard group according to
function F1, F2, F3, F4
Kinds of house Water flow for outdoor fire fighting regardless of fire resistance grade
calculated for 1 fire, l/s, according to building volume, 1 000 m 3
1 Over 1 to 5 Above 5 to 25 Over 25 to 50 Over 50
(first) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Group houses F1.3, F1.4

have one or more units with
number of floors:
2 ten(*) ten 15 15 20
Over 2 to 12 ten 15 15 20 20
Over 12 to 16 - 20 20 25 25
Over 16 - 20 25 25 30
Group houses F1.1, F1.2,

F2, F3 and F4 with number
of floors:
2 ten(*) ten 15 20 25
Over 2 to 12 ten 15 20 25 30
Over 12 to 16 - 20 25 30 35
Over 16 - 25 30 30 35
NOTE: (*) for residential areas of villages and communes (rural), the water flow rate for 1 fire is 5 l/s.
NOTE 14: If the efficiency of the outdoor piping network is not sufficient to transmit the calculated water
flow for fire fighting or when connecting the inlet pipe to the dead pipe network, it is necessary to
consider the installation of tanks, tanks, with a volumetric volume. must ensure water flow for fire fighting
outside the house for 3 hours.
NOTE 15: In a residential area where there is no fire-fighting water pipe, there must be a water tank or
tank to ensure fire fighting for 3 hours.
5.1.2.4 Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for houses divided by fire prevention walls shall be taken
according to the part of the house where the maximum flow is required.
5.1.2.5 Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for houses separated by fire partitions is determined according
to the general volume of the building and according to the highest class of fire and explosion hazard
class.
5.1.2.6 The flow of fire fighting water must be ensured even when the flow for other needs is the largest,
specifically taking into account:
- Drinking water.
- Individual business households.
- Industrial and agricultural production facilities, where drinking water quality requirements or economic
purposes are not suitable for making separate pipes.
- Water treatment station, network of pipes and channels...
- In case technology conditions allow, a part of produced water can be used for fire fighting, then it is
necessary to connect the water pole on the production pipeline network with the water pole on the fire
fighting pipeline network to ensure the flow rate. necessary fire fighting water.
Table 9 - Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for buildings of group F5
The fire Structural House Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for buildings with a width of
resistance fire fire and not more than 60 m, calculated for 1 fire, l/s, according to building
level of hazard explosion volume, 1 000 m 3
the house class of hazard
the house class 3 > 3 to 5 > 5 to 20 > 20 to > 50 to > 200 to > 400 to
50 200 400 600
(first) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (ten)
I and II S0, S1 D, E ten ten ten ten 15 20 25
I and II S0, S1 A, B, C ten ten 15 20 30 35 40
III S0, S1 D, E ten ten 15 25 35 - -
III S0, S1 A, B, C ten 15 20 30 45 - -
IV S0, S1 D, E ten 15 20 30 40 - -
IV S0, S1 A, B, C 15 20 25 40 60 - -
IV S2, S3 D, E ten 15 20 30 45 - -
IV S2, S3 OLD 15 20 25 40 65 - -
DRAW - D, E ten 15 20 30 55 - -
DRAW - OLD 15 20 25 40 70 - -
5.1.2.7 Fire-fighting water supply systems of establishments (water pipelines, pumping stations, tanks,
fire-fighting water storage tanks) must ensure that the water supply cannot be stopped for more than 10
minutes and the water flow is not reduced by more than 30 minutes. % calculated water flow for 3 days.
5.1.2.8 In case the work is located in an area where there is no fire-fighting water supply infrastructure
outside the house, or there is one but it is not guaranteed according to the provisions of Tables 8, 9 and
10, the instructions of the Police Department shall be followed. competent fire department and fire
department.
5.1.3 Number of simultaneous calculated fires
5.1.3.1 The number of simultaneous calculated fires for an industrial facility must be taken according to
the area of that facility, specifically as follows:
- If the area is up to 150 ha, 1 fire is taken.
- If the area is over 150 ha, 2 fires are taken.
NOTE: The number of simultaneous calculated fires in an open or closed storage area containing wood-
based materials is taken as follows: warehouse area up to 50 ha is taken as 1 fire; the area over 50 ha is
taken as 2 fires.
Table 10 - Water flow for outdoor fire fighting for buildings of group F5
The fire Structural House Fire fighting water flow outside the house for a house with a width
resistance fire fire and of 60 m or more, calculated for 1 fire, l/s, according to the volume
level of hazard explosion of the house, 1 000 m 3
the house class of hazard
the house class 50 > 50 to > 100 > 200 > 300 > 400 > 500 > 600 > 700 to
100 to 200 to 300 to 400 to 500 to 600 to 700 800
I and II S0 A, B, C 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
I and II S0 D, E ten 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5.1.3.2 When combining the fire-fighting pipeline of a residential area and an industrial facility located
outside the residential area, the number of simultaneously calculated fires is calculated as follows:
- When the area of the industrial facility reaches 150 ha and the population of the residential area reaches
10 thousand people, take as 1 fire (take the larger side water flow); similar to the population from 10 to 25
thousand people take as 2 fires (1 fire for industrial facilities and 1 fire for residential areas).
- When the area of the industrial facility is over 150 hectares and the population is up to 25,000 people,
take as 2 fires (2 fires calculated for industrial establishments area or 2 fires calculated for residential
areas, whichever is the case). larger party required water flow).
- When the population in the area is over 25,000 people, the water flow is determined by the sum of the
larger required flow (calculated for industrial facilities or residential areas) and 50% of the smaller
required flow ( for establishments or residential areas).
5.1.3.3 Fire fighting time must be taken as 3 hours, except for the specific provisions stated below:
- For buildings of fire resistance class I, II with structure and insulation layer made from non-combustible
materials with areas of fire and explosion hazard class D and E, 2 hours are taken.
- For open warehouses containing wood-based materials - not less than 5 hours.
5.1.3.4 Maximum time to recover fire fighting reserve water is not more than:
- For residential areas and industrial establishments with areas under fire and explosion hazard classes
A, B, C, 24 hours is taken.
- For industrial establishments with areas of fire and explosion hazard class D and E, take 36 hours.
- For residential areas and agricultural establishments, it is 72 hours.
Note 1 to entry: For industrial facilities that require water flow for outdoor fire fighting to 20 l/s, it is allowed
to increase the recovery time for fire fighting water as follows:
- For areas of fire hazard class D and E, up to 48 hours is allowed.
- For areas of fire danger class C, up to 36 hours is allowed.
Note 2 to entry: When it is not possible to guarantee the recovery of the fire fighting water in the
prescribed time, it is necessary to provide n times the amount of fire fighting reserve water. The value of n
(n = 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 ...) depends on the actual recovery time, t tt , and is calculated by the following
formula:
where: t tt - time recovery of water reserves actual fighting.
t td – time to restore fire-fighting reserve water (according to 5.1.3.4).
5.1.4 Fire safety requirements for pipeline networks and structures built on them
5.1.4.1 When installing 02 or more supply pipelines, a switch valve must be installed between them. In
case of disconnection of 1 supply line or part of it, the fire fighting will still be guaranteed 100%.
5.1.4.2 The fire-fighting water pipeline network must be a loop. It is allowed to make dead-end pipes
when: water supply for fire fighting or daily life - fire fighting when the pipe length is not greater than 200
m, regardless of the required fire fighting water flow.
It is not allowed to connect the pipe network outside the house with the pipe network inside the house and
the building.
NOTE: In residential areas up to 5,000 people and the requirement for water flow for outdoor fire fighting
up to 10 l/s or the number of indoor fire hydrants up to 12, it is allowed to use dead-end network over 200
m in length. if there is a tank, pressure water tower or regulation tank for dead end network, which
contains the entire amount of water for fire fighting.
5.1.4.3 Valves on pipelines of all diameters when operated remotely or automatically shall be electrically
operated valves.
Allows the use of pneumatic, hydraulic or solenoid valves.
When not remotely or automatically controlled, shut-off valves up to 400 mm diameter can be manual
locking, with diameters larger than 400 mm electric or hydraulic; in specific cases, it is permissible to
install valves over 400 mm with manual locking.
In all cases, manual opening and closing shall be permitted.
5.1.4.4 The diameter of the supply pipe and the network after the supply pipe must be calculated on the
following basis:
- According to technical and economic factors.
- Working conditions when interrupting each segment separately.
The diameter of the fire-fighting water pipe outside the house for residential areas and production facilities
should not be less than 100 mm, for rural areas - not less than 75 mm.
5.1.5 Requirements for water storage tanks and tanks for outdoor fire fighting
5.1.5.1 Tanks and tanks for water supply according to function must include for regulation, fire fighting,
emergency and priming water.
5.1.5.2 If taking fire fighting water directly from water sources is not suitable with economic and technical
conditions, in all cases, water storage tanks and tanks must have enough fire fighting water according to
calculation. maths.
5.1.5.3 The volume of fire fighting water in the tank or tank must be calculated to ensure:
- Implement fire fighting water supply from water poles outside the house and other fire fighting systems.
- Provide specialized fire fighting equipment (sprinkler, drencher, ...) without separate tanks.
- Maximum amount of water for domestic use and production during the fire fighting process.
5.1.5.4 Ponds and ponds for fire trucks to absorb water must have an access way and a parking lot of
not less than 12 m x 12 m in size with a surface to ensure the load for fire trucks.
NOTE: When determining the volume of fire fighting water in tanks and tanks, it is allowed to include the
additional loading into the tanks and tanks during the fire fighting time if it has a water supply system that
meets the requirements specified in 5.1.2.7.
5.1.5.5 When supplying water according to 01 supply pipeline, an additional amount of water must be
reserved for fire fighting, determined according to 5.1.5.3.
NOTE: It is allowed not to take into account the amount of additional water for fire fighting when the
length of a supply pipeline is not more than 500 m for residential areas with a population of up to 5 000
people, as well as for objects with high requirements. The demand for water flow for outdoor fire fighting
is not more than 40 l/s.
5.1.5.6 The total number of tanks and tanks for fire fighting in a pipe network must not be less than 2.
Between tanks and tanks in the pipe network, the lowest and highest water levels of fire fighting water
must be the same.
When disconnecting a tank or tank, the amount of water stored for fire fighting in the remaining tanks or
tanks must not be less than 50% of the amount of water required for fire fighting.
5.1.5.7 The storage of fire fighting water in specialized tanks, tanks or open pools is allowed for:
- Residential area up to 5,000 people.
- Buildings, regardless of function, standing separately outside residential areas without a domestic or
production water pipeline system, to provide the necessary amount of water for the external water supply
system.
- Different functional buildings have the required water flow for outdoor fire fighting water supply not
exceeding 10 l/s.
- A house with 1 to 2 floors, regardless of the function, has a construction area not larger than the area of
the fire compartment allowed for that type of house.
5.1.5.8 Fire fighting water volume of tanks, tanks and artificial lakes is determined on the basis of
calculation of water consumption and fire fighting time according to 5.1.2.2 to 5.1.2.6 and 5.1.3.3.
Note 1 to entry: Calculation of the fire fighting water volume of an open artificial lake must take into
account the possibility of water evaporation and freezing. The minimum water level should not be less
than 0.5 m.
NOTE 2: The entrance must be ensured for the fire truck to access the tank, lake, etc.
5.1.5.9 Tanks , tanks, fire hydrants outside the house, natural and artificial fire fighting pools must be
located at positions ensuring the service radius:
- When there is a pump truck is 200 m.
- When there is a mobile pump, it is 100 m to 150 m within the technical operating range of the pump.
- In order to increase the service radius, it is allowed to install dead-end pipes with a length of no more
than 200 m from tanks, tanks and artificial lakes guaranteed according to 5.1.5.8.
- The distance from the point of water intake from an artificial tank, tank or lake to the house with fire
resistance levels III, IV and V or to the open storage containing combustible materials must not be less
than 30 m, to the house of fire resistance level I and II. must not be less than 10 m.
5.1.5.10 When it is not possible to draw fire fighting water directly from a tank, tank or lake by means of a
pump truck or mobile pump, sumps with a volume of 3 m 3 to 5 m 3 must be provided . The diameter of the pipe
connecting the tank, tank or lake to the sumps is taken according to the conditions for calculating the
water flow for outdoor fire fighting, but not less than 200 mm. On the connecting pipe, there must be a
valve box to block the water circulation, the opening and closing of the valve must be done from outside
the box. The end of the connecting pipe at the side of the artificial lake must have a net.
5.1.5.11 Pressure tanks and tanks for fire fighting must be equipped with water level gauges, water level
signaling devices for pumping stations or water distribution stations.
Pressure tanks and tanks of high pressure fire fighting water pipes must be equipped with devices to
ensure automatic disconnection of water to tanks and towers when the fire pump is in operation.
5.1.5.12 Pressure tanks and tanks using pressurized gas, in addition to the operating press, must have
a backup press.
5.2 Indoor fire fighting hydrant system
5.2.1 Houses, public houses as well as administrative - auxiliary buildings of industrial works must install
indoor fire hydrant system, minimum water flow for fire fighting determined according to Table 11, for
manufacturers and warehouses are taken according to Table 12.
When determining the required fire-fighting water flow, it must be based on the height of the solid water
jet and the diameter of the nozzle of the fire-fighting nozzle taken according to Table 13. Then calculate
the simultaneous operation of the hydrant and fire-fighting systems. other.
NOTE: In case the fire hydrant uses equipment with parameters not according to Table 13, it must ensure
the minimum water flow for fire fighting for a single jet and the height of the solid water jet as prescribed.
5.2.2 To calculate pump capacity and water reserve for fire fighting, the number of sprinklers and water
flow for fire fighting in a public house for the part of the building located at an altitude of over 50 m must
be taken as respectively. 4 rays, each beam 2.5 l/s. For buildings of group F5, class A, B, and C with a
volume greater than 50 000 m 3, 4 rays, 5 l/s each, are taken, respectively.
Table 11 - Number of fire sprinklers and minimum water flow for indoor fire hydrant systems
Housing and public buildings Number of fire Minimum flow rate for indoor
sprinklers on 1 fire, l/s, for a single jet
floor
(first) (2) (3)
1- Houses, apartment buildings
- From 5 to 16 floors first 2.5
- From 5 to 16 floors, when the common corridor is 2 2.5

over 10 m
- Over 16 to 25 floors 2 2.5
- Over 16 to 25 floors, when the common corridor is 3 2.5

over 10 m long
2- Administration house
- From 6 to 10 floors and volume up to 25 000 m 3 first 2.5
- From 6 to 10 floors and volume over 25 000 m 3 2 2.5
- Over 10 floors and volume up to 25 000 m 3 2 2.5
- Over 10 floors and volume over 25 000 m 3 3 2.5

3- Club room with stage, theater, cinema, room
equipped with audio-visual equipment (living,
seminar...)
- Up to 300 seats 2 2.5
- Over 300 seats 2 5.0
4- Dormitory and public house (except for item 2)
- Up to 10 floors and volume from 5 000 m 3 to 25 first 2.5

000 m 3
- Up to 10 floors and volume over 25 000 m 3 2 2.5
- Over 10 floors and volume up to 25 000 m 3 2 2.5
- Over 10 floors and volume over 25 000 m 3 3 2.5
5- Administrative - auxiliary buildings of

industrial works with volume:
- From 5 000 to 25 000 m 3 first 2.5
- Over 25 000 m 3 2 2.5
5.2.3 For manufacturers and warehouses using structures that are susceptible to damage when
subjected to fire, according to Table 12, the minimum water flow to calculate pump capacity and reserve
water The storage for fire fighting determined according to Table 12 must be increased on a case-by-case
basis as follows:
- When using non-fire-protected steel structures in buildings of fire resistance grades III, IV (groups S2,
S3), as well as structures of natural or pressed wood (in this case, treated wood) fire protection), must be
increased by 5 l/s.
- When using combustible materials surrounding the building structure of fire resistance level IV (groups
S2, S3), it must be increased by 5 l/s for houses with volume up to 10 000 m 3 . When a volume greater
than 10 000 m 3 shall be increased by 5 l / s per 100 000 m 3 increase or fraction of 100 000 m 3 increase.
Table 12 - Number of fire sprinklers and minimum water flow for indoor fire fighting for
manufacturers and warehouses
The fire House fire Minimum number of fire sprinklers and water flow, l/s, for 1 spray, for
resistance and indoor fire fighting for manufacturers and warehouses up to 50 m in
level of the explosion height and by volume, 1 000 m 3
house hazard
class From 0.5 to 5 Above 5 to Over 50 to Over 200 to Over 400 to 800
50 200 400
(first) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
I, II A, B, C 2 x 2.5 2x5 2x5 3x5 4x5

III OLD 2 x 2.5 2x5 2x5 * *
III D, E ** 2 x 2.5 2 x 2.5 * *
IV, VU OLD 2 x 2.5 2x5 * * *
IV, VU D, E ** 2 x 2.5 * * *
Note 1 to entry: “*” water flow and number of jets must be formulated according to a special technical
justification.
Note 2 to entry: For buildings with fire resistance grades and fire hazard classes not listed in Table 12,
the water flow is taken according to a special technical justification.
Note 3 to entry: “**” does not require a fire-extinguishing jet.
5.2.4 The number of fire-fighting sprays for each fire point is taken as 02 for works requiring the number
of sprays greater than 02.
5.2.5 For building parts with different functional areas, the water flow for fire fighting must be calculated
separately for each part according to the provisions of 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. Then, the indoor fire fighting water
flow is calculated according to the following regulations:
- For houses not divided by fire-blocking walls, it must be calculated according to the common volume.
- For houses divided by fire-blocking walls of type 1 or 2, it must be calculated according to the volume of
the part of the house with higher water flow requirements.
When connecting buildings with fire resistance levels I and II by aisles made of non-combustible materials
and installing fire doors, the volume of the building serving the determination of fire fighting water flow is
calculated as specific volume of each house; when there is no fire door, it shall be calculated according to
the total volume and according to the higher fire hazard class.
5.2.6 The hydrostatic pressure in the domestic - fire fighting water system measured at the sanitary -
technical equipment set at the lowest water level should not exceed 0.45 MPa.
The hydrostatic pressure of the separate fire extinguishing system measured at the fire hydrant set at the
lowest water level should not exceed 0.90 MPa.
When calculating, if the pressure in the fire fighting system exceeds 0.45 MPa, a separate fire fighting
system network must be installed.
NOTE When the pressure between the valve and the connection of the fire hydrant is more than 0.4 MPa,
a diaphragm and pressure regulator must be installed to reduce the residual pressure.
Table 13 - Fire fighting water flow depends on the height of the solid water jet and the diameter of
the sprinkler head
Dense Flow of Pressure, MPa, of fire Flow of Pressure, MPa, of Flow of Pressure, MPa , of fire
jet nozzle, hydrant with hose nozzle, fire hydrant with nozzle, hydrant with hose reel
height, l/s reel length, m l/s hose reel length, m l/s length, m
m
(first) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (ten) (11) (twelfth) (13)
ten 15 20 ten 15 20 ten 15 20
Diameter of fire sprinkler head, mm

13 16 19
Fire hydrant DN 50 ( * )
6 - - - - 2.6 0.092 0.096 0.100 3.4 0.088 0.096 0.104
8 - - - - 2.9 0.120 0.125 0.130 4.1 0.129 0.138 0.148
ten - - - - 3.3 0.151 0.157 0.164 4.6 0.160 0.173 0.185
twelfth 2.6 0.202 0.206 0.210 3.7 0.192 0.196 0.210 5.2 0.206 0.223 0.240
14 2.8 0.236 0.241 0.245 4.2 0.248 0.255 0.263 - - - -
16 3.2 0.316 0.322 0.328 4.6 0.293 0.300 0.318 - - - -
18 3.6 0.390 0.398 0.406 5.1 0.360 0.380 0.400 - - - -
Fire hydrant DN 65(*)
6 - - - - 2.6 0.088 0.089 0.090 3.4 0.078 0.080 0.083
8 - - - - 2.9 0.110 0.112 0.114 4.1 0.114 0.117 0.121
ten - - - - 3.3 0.140 0.143 0.146 4.6 0.143 0.147 0.151
twelfth 2.6 0.198 0.199 0.201 3.7 0.180 0.183 0.186 5.2 0.182 0.190 0.199
14 2.8 0.23 0.231 0.233 4.2 0.230 0.233 0.235 5.7 0.218 0.224 0.230
16 3.2 0.31 0.313 0.315 4.6 0.276 0.280 0.284 6.3 0.266 0.273 0.280
18 3.6 0.38 0.383 0.385 5.1 0.338 0.342 0.346 7.0 0.329 0.338 0.348
20 4.0 0.464 0.467 0.470 5.6 0.412 0.424 0.418 7.5 0.372 0.385 0.397
NOTE: ( * ) DN – Abbreviation for Diameter Nominal – Nominal inner diameter, unit is mm
5.2.7 The free pressure of the fire hydrant must ensure the height of the solid water jet necessary for fire
fighting at all times of the day for the highest and most remote areas.
The minimum height and operating radius of the fire-fighting solid water jet must be equal to the height of
the area, from the floor to the highest point of the beam (ceiling), but not less than the following values:
- For houses, public houses, production houses and auxiliary houses of industrial works with a height of
up to 50 m, not less than 6 m.
- For houses over 50m high, not less than 8m.
- For public buildings, production houses and ancillary buildings of industrial works over 50 m high, not
less than 16 m.
NOTE 1 Fire hydrant pressure must be calculated for 10, 15 and 20 m fire hose reel losses.
NOTE 2: To receive a jet of solid water with a flow rate of up to 4 l/s, a DN 50 fire hydrant must be used,
for a larger flow, a DN 65 throat must be used. When the economic-technical argument allows, used fire
hydrant DN 50 for flow over 4 l/s.
5.2.8 The design of the pressure tank for the house must ensure that a jet of solid water can be supplied
at all times with a height of over 4 m at the top floor or the floor immediately below where the tank is
located, and not less than 6 m for the remaining floors. again; then the number of water jets is
guaranteed: 02 rays of 2.5 l/s each in 10 minutes when the calculated number of rays is 02 or more, 01
ray in the remaining cases.
When installing fire hydrants used as sensors for automatic control of fire pumps, pressure water tanks do
not need to be considered.
5.2.9 In case of installing a separate fire hydrant system with automatic fire fighting systems, the volume
of the reserve water tank must ensure the amount of water used in 01 hour, for one fire hydrant. and
other water needs.
When installing a fire hydrant system on automatic fire fighting systems, the working time of the hydrant is
equal to the working time of the automatic fire fighting system.
5.2.10 For buildings of 06 floors or more, when connecting the domestic water and fire fighting systems,
the vertical pipes must be connected around the top. Then, to ensure the water change in the house, it is
necessary to connect the riser ring to one or several vertical drain pipes with a locking valve.
In dry pipe fire suppression systems installed in unheated buildings, shut-off valves should be installed in
areas where freezing is not likely.
5.2.11 The determination of the location and number of vertical pipes and fire hydrants in the house must
ensure the following provisions:
- It is allowed to install double throat on risers in production houses and public houses when the
calculated number of water jets is not less than 03, and in houses not less than 02.
- In houses with a corridor length of up to 10 m when the number of water jets is equal to 02 for each
point, it is allowed to spray 02 jets from a vertical pipe.
- In houses with a corridor length greater than 10 m, as well as manufacturers and public houses with 02
or more calculated water jets for each point, 02 sprays from 02 fire cabinets next to each other must be
arranged. 02 different water throats).
NOTE 1 Fire hydrants must be installed in technical floors, attic floors and technical basements if there
are materials and structures made of combustible materials.
NOTE 2 The number of jets of water from each cabinet should not be more than 2.
5.2.12 Fire hydrants are installed so that the mouthpiece is located at a height of 1.20 m ± 0.15 m above
the floor and placed in fire-fighting cabinets with ventilation holes and sealed. For double fire hydrants, it
is allowed to install 01 hydrant above 01 lower throat, then the lower throat must be installed with a height
of not less than 1.0 m from the floor.
5.2.13 For buildings with a height of 17 floors or more, the indoor fire hydrant system of each zone must
have a waiting throat and a connector of suitable size to connect to the mobile fire fighting vehicle. These
throats must be fitted with a non-return valve and sealed open.
5.2.14 Fire hydrants inside the building must be installed at the entrances to the inside of the corridor
(where there is no danger of water freezing) of the elevator rooms (except for the smoke-free elevators),
at the halls, corridors, aisles and other easily accessible places, then the arrangement must ensure that it
does not interfere with escape activities.
5.2.15 In areas protected by automatic fire fighting systems, it is allowed to install indoor fire hydrants on
pipes DN 65 or larger, after the control valve assembly of the water sprinkler system.
5.2.16 In closed areas that are likely to be frozen, the pipes of the fire hydrant system in the house
behind the pumping station are allowed to be dry pipes.
5.2.17 Valves to block water from dead-end pipelines as well as large shut-off valves from closed steel
pipelines must be arranged to ensure that each section of pipe can only block at most 05 fire hydrants on
the same floor. .
5.2.18 When the house has more than 12 fire hydrants or is equipped with an automatic fire fighting
system, the fire fighting water supply system inside the house, whether designed separately or in
combination, must also be designed with at least two pipes. water supply and must be connected to a ring
network.
6. FIRE FIGHTING AND FIRE-FIGHTING
6.1 Houses and works must ensure fire fighting and rescue by the following solutions: structure, layout -
space, engineering - works and organizational solutions.
These solutions include:
- Arrange the roads for fire trucks, parking lots for fire fighting vehicles and access ways for fire fighting
forces and vehicles, combined with roads and walkways according to the function of the house or
arranged separately.
- Arrange fire fighting ladders outside the house and ensure other necessary means to bring the fire
fighting force and technical fire fighting equipment to the floors and roofs of the houses, including the
arrangement of fire fighting equipment. the elevators have the mode of "transporting the fire fighting force"
(hereinafter collectively referred to as the fire-fighting elevator).
- Arrange fire-fighting water supply pipes, combined with domestic water supply pipes or arranged
separately, and when necessary, arrange water intake throats and pipes to bring water into the house for
fire-fighting forces. hydrants, fire hydrants or other fire fighting water supplies.
- Smoke protection for the passages of the fire service inside the house.
- Equipping the house with means of saving lives for individuals and groups in case of need.
- Arrange and construct fire prevention and fighting works and stations (teams) in accordance with the
number of employees and necessary fire-fighting technical equipment, meeting the fire fighting conditions
on the works or areas within the operating range of these stations (teams) in accordance with current
regulations.
The selection of the above solutions depends on the fire resistance grade, the structural fire hazard class
and the fire hazard group according to the function of the house.
6.2 Roads for fire trucks and parking lots must meet the following requirements:
6.2.1 General requirements
a) Clearance width of road surface for fire trucks must not be less than 3.5 m.
b) The fire truck parking lot must have a clear width to ensure the ability to enter to deploy fire fighting
means suitable to the height and fire hazard group according to the function of the building as specified in
Table 14.
c) It is only allowed to have blocking structures above the road for fire trucks and parking lots if all of the
following requirements are met:
- Clearance height for fire fighting vehicles to pass must not be less than 4.5 m;
- The size of the upper blocking structure (measured along the length of the fire truck road and fire truck
parking lot) should not be more than 10 m;
- If there are two upper blocking structures crossing the road for fire engines or fire truck parking lots, the
clearance between these structures should not be less than 20 m;
- The length of the end of the road for fire trucks or fire trucks that is not blocked by the upper blocking
structures should not be less than 20m; and
- The length of the fire fighting car park is not taken into account the sections with the blocking structure
above.
d) Along the outer wall of the building, at positions facing the fire-fighting car park, it is necessary to
arrange passages through the outer wall to the inside of the house from above (entrance from above) in
accordance with regulations in Clause 1 of this Article. 6.3 to conduct fire fighting and rescue operations.
6.2.2 The arrangement of roads for fire trucks and parking lots must satisfy the following requirements:
6.2.2.1 Buildings of groups F1, F2, F3 and F4 with a height of not more than 15 m do not require a
parking lot for fire fighting vehicles, but there must be a way for fire trucks to approach any point on the
flat view of the building. greater than 60 m.
6.2.2.2 The F1.3 group have a height greater than 15 meters must ensure that all the following
requirements:
- There must be a road for fire engines within a moving range of not more than 18 m from the entrance to
all buffer compartments of the fire-fighting elevator or of the escape staircase with a D65 water supply
waiting throat for fire-fighting forces. professional fire fighting (of dry pipe system).
- There must be a fire truck parking lot to access at least the entire exterior of each block. The fire fighting
car park must be located at a distance not closer than 2 m and not more than 10 m from the outer wall of
the house;
- The design of the fire truck parking lot and the road for the fire truck must meet the requirements listed
in Table 14.
Table 14 - Regulations on size of fire fighting parking lots
Group of fire danger according to the Dimensions of the fire fighting car park corresponding to
function of the house / Criteria for the the height of the house, m
size of the parking lot
15 > 15 and 28 (1) > 28
Team House F1.3
- Width of fire truck parking Not required 6m 6m
- The length of the fire car park Not required 15 m 15 m
The rest of the house groups
- Width of fire truck parking Not required 6m 6m
- The length of the fire car park Taken from Table 15 and Table 16
NOTE: (1) Fire car parking is not required for buildings with the number of occupants per floor, calculated
according to Table G.9 (Annex G), not exceeding 50 people and the distance from the road for The fire
truck to the throat to supply water to the house must not be larger than 18 m.
6.2.2.3 Houses or building sections of groups F1.1, F1.2, F2, F3 and F4 with a height of more than 15 m,
at each position with an entrance from above, a fire-fighting car park must be arranged for access. direct
access to the door panels of the entrance from above. The length of the fire truck parking lot shall be
taken according to Table 15 based on the accessible floor area of the floor with the maximum value of the
accessible floor area. In the case of a house with atrium floors, that value is calculated as follows:
a) For buildings with atrium floors, including basements connected to floors above the ground, the
accessible floor area is equal to the cumulative area of the accessible floor area values of all floors. all
attic floors.
b) For buildings with two or more groups of atrium floors, the accessible floor area must be equal to the
cumulative value of the group of atrium floors with the largest area.
6.2.2.4 For buildings of group F5, there must be a fire car park for fire fighting vehicles. The length of the
fire truck parking lot should be taken according to Table 16, based on the total volume of the building
(excluding the basement).
When production conditions do not require an access road, the road for fire engines is allowed to arrange
a 3.5 m wide roadway for vehicles to run, the roadbed is reinforced with materials to ensure that it can
withstand the load of the fire truck. fire and ensure surface water drainage.
The distance from the edge of the road for fire trucks to the wall of the house must be no more than 5 m
for buildings with a height of less than 12 m, not more than 8 m for buildings with a height of over 12 m to
28 m and not more than 10 m for buildings with a height of over 28 m.
In necessary cases, the distance from the near-house edge of the driveway to the outer wall of the house
and structure is increased to 60 m provided that this house and structure have dead-end roads,
accompanied by a turning area. fire trucks and arrange fire hydrants. In that case, the distance from the
house and the construction to the turning point of the fire truck must not be less than 5 m and not more
than 15 m, and the distance between dead ends must not exceed 100 m.
Note 1 to entry: The width of the building and the structure is taken according to the distance between the
positioning axes.
Note 2 to entry: For lakes used for fire fighting, it is necessary to arrange an entrance with a yard with
dimensions of not less than 12 m in each direction.
Table 15 – Regulations on length of fire-fighting parking lots for houses or building sections of
groups F1.1, F1.2, F2, F3, F4
Accessible floor area, Required length of fire fighting car park, calculated by house perimeter,
m2 m
The house is not protected by House is protected by sprinkler

a sprinkler system system
2 000 1/6 circumference and not less than 15 1/6 circumference and not less than 15
m m
> 2 000 and 4 000 1/4 circumference 1/6 and not less than 15 m
> 4 000 and 8 000 1/2 circumference 1/4 circumference
> 16 000 and 32 000 The whole perimeter 3/4 circumference
> 32 000 The whole perimeter The whole perimeter
Table 16 – Regulations on the length of fire fighting parking lots for buildings of Group F5
Volume scale, m 3 Required length of fire fighting car park, calculated by house perimeter,
m
The house is not protected by House is protected by sprinkler
a sprinkler system system
(first) (2) (3)
28 400 1/6 circumference and not less than 1/6 circumference and not less than 15
15 m m
> 28 400 and 56 800 1/4 circumference 1/6 circumference and not less than 15
m
> 227 200 The whole perimeter The whole perimeter
6.2.2.5 Arrangement of roads for fire trucks or fire fighting parking lots for mixed houses must satisfy the
following requirements:
a) When the non-residential building (not in group F1.3) is located only in the lower part of the building,
the height of the building to determine the road requirements for fire trucks or fire trucks must be based
on into the non-residential part of the building.
b) For a mixed-use building, with no part of the building in group F1.3, the required length of the road for
fire trucks or the fire truck parking lot must be taken as the greater of the two values for determining the
base. depend on:
- Total volumetric size of the house sections of group F5; or
- Determined according to Table 15.
c) For a mixed-use building with a building part of group F1.3, the length of the fire truck parking lot must
be calculated according to 6.2.2.3 and must meet the requirements in 6.2.2.
6.2.2.6 For basements, there must be a road for fire engines located within 18 m from the above ground
entrance of all buffer compartments of fire-fighting elevators or of escape stairs with arrangement. D65
water supply hydrant for professional fire force (of dry pipe system).
6.2.3 Fire truck parking must be arranged so that the horizontal measurement distance from the nearest
edge of the parking lot to the middle point of the entrance from above is not closer than 2 m and not more
than 10 m. .
6.2.4 The surface of the fire truck parking lot must be level. If lying on an incline, the slope should not
exceed 1:15. The slope of the road for fire engines should not exceed 1:8.3.
6.2.5 If the length of the road for fire trucks or the dead-end fire truck parking lot is more than 46 m, at
the end of the dead end, there must be a turning area designed according to the provisions of 6.4.
6.2.6 A public road can be used as a fire truck parking lot, if its location is in accordance with the
regulations on distance to the overhead entrance in 6.2.3.
6.2.7 Roads for fire trucks and parking lots must be kept clear at all times. The space between the fire
truck parking lot and the entrance from above must not be obstructed by trees or other fixed objects.
6.2.8 All corners of fire truck parking lots and fire truck roads shall be marked with the exception of public
roads used as fire truck parking or fire truck roads. The marking must be done with reflective paint strips,
ensuring visibility at night and must be arranged on both sides of the road for fire trucks or fire fighting
parking lots with a distance of not more than 5 m.
At the beginning and the end of the road for fire trucks or the parking lot for fire fighting vehicles, there
must be a signboard with white background and red letters with the letter height not less than 50 mm. The
height from the ground to the lowest point of the sign must be between 1.0 m and 1.5 m. Signboards must
be visible at night and must not be located more than 3 m from the road for fire engines or parking lots. All
sections of the fire truck road or fire truck parking lot should not be more than 15 meters from the nearest
sign.
6.2.9 The road surface for fire trucks and fire fighting parking lots must be able to withstand the load of
fire trucks according to design requirements and suitable with the type of vehicles of the Fire and Rescue
Police agency where the work is to be built. .
6.3 The entrance from above to serve fire fighting and rescue must comply with the following regulations:
6.3.1 The entrance from above must ensure ventilation, unobstructed at all times during the time the
house is in use. Entrance from above can be through openings in exterior walls, windows, balcony doors,
glazed wall panels and door panels that can be opened from inside and outside. Do not arrange furniture
or any objects that can obstruct within 1 m of the floor inside the house from the entrances from above.
6.3.2 Entrance from above shall be located facing a usable space. Not to be located in warehouse or
machine rooms, escape stairs, smoke-free lobby, fire elevator lobby or spaces leading to only one dead-
end point.
6.3.3 The outside of the door panels of the upper entrance shall be marked with a red or yellow
equilateral triangle with a side not less than 150 mm, the top of which can be upward or downward. On
the inside, there must be the inscription "UPPERIOR ENTRY - DO NOT INTEREST" with a letter height of
not less than 25 mm.
6.3.4 Entrances from above shall have a width of not less than 850 mm, a height of not less than 1 000
mm, the lower edge of the entrance being not more than 1 100 mm from the inner floor and the upper
edge above the floor. inside is not less than 1 800 m.
6.3.5 The number and location of the entrance from above for each fire compartment of the building or
part of the building not belonging to group F1.3 must ensure the following provisions:
6.3.5.1 For buildings of group F1.1, F1.2, F2, F3, F4 and F5, the number of entrances from above must
be calculated based on the length of the fire fighting car park. For each sufficient or insufficient 20 m
length of the fire car park, there must be an entrance from above.
6.3.5.2 The entrance from above must be arranged far apart, along the edge of the house. The furthest
distance measured along the outer wall between the centers of two consecutive overhead entrances
served by a fire car park shall not exceed 20 m. The entrance from above must be distributed so that
there must be at least 1 entrance from above on each 20 m length of the fire car park, except for the parts
of 1-storey buildings not in group F5.
6.3.5.3 For houses of groups F1.1, F1.2, F2, F3 and F4 with a height from over 10 m to 50 m, there must
be an entrance from above on all floors except the 1st floor and must be located on the ground floor.
opposite the fire truck parking lot.
6.3.5.4 For Group F5 buildings, overhead entrances must be arranged above a fire car park, up to a
height of 50 m.
6.3.5.5 The requirement for entrance from above does not apply to F1.3 grouphouses, including ancillary
areas (eg Gym, club rooms, etc.) exclusively for residents. population of the building) in the group house
F1.3.
6.4 The design of the parking lot must comply with one of the following regulations:
- An equilateral triangle has a side not less than 7 m, one vertex is at a dead end, and two vertices are
symmetrically located on both sides of the road.
- A square with a side not less than 12 m.
- Round shape, diameter not less than 10 m.
- A rectangle perpendicular to the dead-end road, balanced on both sides of the road, with dimensions
not less than 5 mx 20 m.
NOTE: The above regulations are the minimum threshold, the management agency on fire prevention
and fighting can issue specific regulations based on the technical requirements of fire fighting equipment
in each locality.
6.5 For narrow roads with only one lane for traffic, at least every 100 m, an extension of at least 7 m and
8 m long must be designed so that fire engines and other vehicles can easily avoid each other.
6.6 For buildings with a height greater than or equal to 10 m from the roof edge or the top edge of the
outer wall (retaining wall), there must be direct exits to the roof from the stairwells or through the attic, or
Follow the stairs of type 3, or follow the fire ladder outside the house.
The number of exits to the roof and their arrangement must be based on the fire hazard according to the
function and dimensions of the building, but not less than one exit:
- For each distance less than or equal to 100 m of the length of the house with the attic.
- For each area less than or equal to 1 000 m 2 roofs of houses without attic floors of groups F1, F2, F3
and F4.
- For every 200 m perimeter of the house of group F5, follow the fire ladders. Allow no layout:
- Fire fighting ladders at the main side of the house if the width of the house is not more than 150 m and
in front of the house there is a fire-fighting water supply pipeline.
- Exits to the roofs of single-storey buildings with a roof area not larger than 100 m 2 .
6.7 In the attic floors of buildings, except for buildings of group F1.4, there must be exits to the roof via
fixed ladders and doors, hatches or windows with dimensions not less than 0.6 mx 0, 8 m.
The exits to the roof or to the attic from the stair rooms must be arranged according to the ladders with
the stairs in front of the exit, through the fire doors of type 2, the size is not less than 0.75 m x 1.5 m. The
above ladders and mats can be made of steel
but must have a slope (angle of inclination) not greater than 2 : 1 (63.5º) and a width not less than 0.7 m.
In buildings of groups F1, F2, F3 and F4 up to 15 m high, it is allowed to arrange exits to the attic floor or
to the roof from stairwells through type 2 fire doors with dimensions of 0.6 m x 0, 8 m by permanently
mounted steel ladders.
6.8 In technical floors, including technical basements and technical attic floors, the clearance height of
walkways must not be less than 1.8 m; in attic floors along the entire house - not less than 1.6 m. The
width of these passages must be not less than 1.2 m. In separate sections with a length of not more than
2 m, it is allowed to reduce the height of the walkway to 1.2 m, and the minimum width to be 0.9 m.
6.9 In buildings with attic floors, there must be hatches in the structures that cover the cavities of the
attic.
6.10 At points where the height difference of the roof is greater than 1.0 m (including the height
difference to raise the doors for light and ventilation), there must be a fire ladder.
In the area where the roof height difference is more than 10 m, if each roof section has an area of more
than 100 m 2 with its own door to the roof satisfying the requirements of 6.6, or the lower part of the roof,
determined according 6.6 does not exceed 10 m, then no fire ladder is allowed.
6.11 Fire ladders of class P1 must be used to reach heights of up to 20 m and at places where the height
difference of the roof is from 1.0 m to 20 m. Fire ladders of type P2 must be used to reach heights greater
than 20 m and at places with a height difference of more than 20 m.
Fire ladders must be made of non-combustible materials, placed in a conspicuous place and not less than
1.0 m away from windows. Ladder width 0.7 m. For ladders of type P1, from a height of 10 m or more,
there must be a coverage arc with a radius of 0.35 m, the center of which is 0.45 m from the ladder. The
arcs must be placed 0.7 m apart, in the place of the roof, the mat must be placed to have a railing at least
0.6 m high. For ladder P2, there must be handrails and landing mats placed no more than 8 m apart.
6.12 Between the stairs and between the handrails of the ladder, there must be a gap with a clear width
projected on the ground not less than 100 mm.
6.13 Each fire compartment of buildings has a height of more than 28 m (greater than 50 m for buildings
of group F1.3), or a house with a depth of the bottom basement floor (taking into account the height of the
emergency exits). outside) greater than 9 m must have at least one fire lift.
NOTE: Other technical requirements such as power supply, control system, signal transmission,
communication, equipment for fire protection, etc. must comply with specific technical standards selected
for elevators. fire fighting.
The arrangement and installation of fire fighting elevators must ensure the following basic regulations:
- The elevators mainly for transporting goods are not allowed to be used as fire-fighting elevators.
- Under normal conditions, fire elevators are still used to carry people. Fire elevators can be arranged with
a separate elevator lobby or in a common lobby with passenger elevators and combined by a group
automatic control system.
- Having a calculated number sufficient so that the distance from the location of those elevators to any
point on the floor plan it serves does not exceed 60 m.
- If there is only one fire-fighting elevator, that elevator must reach at least all floors adjacent to the
burning floor of the building.
- If there are many fire-fighting elevators arranged in one well, the elevators can serve different areas of
the building, provided that the service area on each elevator must be clearly indicated.
- In all cases, the form of service of the fire fighting elevators must be the same and common, for
example, the elevators only serve odd floors or even floors or all floors.
- If there are evacuation floors, each floor must be serviced by at least one fire elevator.
- In the normal operation mode, the doors of the fire fighting elevators must not open to those evacuation
floors, and the landing doors of the wells at those evacuation floors must be locked regularly and only be
automatically unlocked when switch to fire service service mode.
- In case of fire, the fire fighting elevators must ensure that the firefighter:
+ is the only person who has the right to control and operate to access the fire with his equipment easily,
familiarly, safely and quickly.
+ be safe when using against the effects of fire and smoke by appropriate solutions, especially when
getting out of those lifts.
+ have clear and safe passage for access to such lifts as well as to the floors served by such lifts.
+ do not have to move more than two floors to reach any fire-prone floors of the building.
- Protected in separate elevator wells (not shared with other types of elevators) and in each such elevator
well, there are only 3 fire-fighting elevators arranged. The structure surrounding the lift well must have a
fire resistance rating of not less than REI 120.
- Fire elevator lobby is a buffer compartment ensuring all of the following regulations:
+ has an area not less than 4 m 2 .
+ When combined with the halls of the staircase chamber without smoke, the area is not less than 6 m 2 .
+ is surrounded by fire partitions of type 1.
+ There is a D65 water supply waiting throat installed for professional firefighting forces.
- The arrangement of fire fighting elevators must be able to estimate the travel path of the professional
fire fighting team and ensure that the fire fighting team can access all rooms on all floors of the building.
- The carrying capacity of fire fighting lifts must not be less than 630 kg for apartment buildings of group
F1.3 and not less than 1,000 kg for manufacturers and other public buildings.
- The moving speed of the fire-fighting elevator must not be less than H /60 (m/s). Where H is the lifting
height (m).
- The covering structure of the fire-fighting elevator cabin must be made of non-combustible or weakly
combustible materials.
6.14 In buildings with roof slope up to 12 %, the height to the roof rim or the top edge of the outer wall
(retaining wall) is more than 10 m, as well as in the buildings with the roof slope greater than 12 % and
the height to the frill Roofs larger than 7m must have railings, handrails on the roof in accordance with
current standards. The railings and handrails of this type must also be arranged for flat roofs, balconies,
loggias, external corridors, external stairs of open type, stairs and stair mats regardless of the height of
the building. .
6.15 Fire-fighting water supply systems for houses must ensure that fire-fighting forces and means can
access and use them at all times.
6.16 The supply of fire-fighting water as well as the equipment and arrangement of other specialized fire-
fighting means and tools for houses and works must comply with the basic provisions in Part 5 of this
regulation and of technical standards. related art.
6.17 Fire control room.
a) Houses and public works over 10 stories high; houses with 2 to 3 basements; public facilities with a
high concentration of people (theaters, cinemas, bars and buildings of similar use, with the number of
people per floor, calculated according to Table G.9 (Appendix G), in excess of 50 people); garage (room
for cars, motorcycles, bicycles), manufacturers, warehouse area of over 18 000 m 2 have rooms directly
control the fire and have staff with expertise often directly in the control room .
b) The fire fighting control room must:
- Having an area sufficient to arrange equipment according to the fire prevention requirements of the
house but not less than 6 m 2 .
- There are two entrances: one with the empty space outside the house and the other with the main
corridor for escape.
- Separated from other parts of the building by fire-blocking parts of class 1.
- Having installed information equipment and the focal point of the fire alarm system to contact all areas of
the house.
- There is a board to monitor and control fire fighting equipment, smoke control equipment and a floor
plan to arrange the fire prevention and fighting equipment of the house.
6.18 All indoor basements with 2 to 3 basements, must be equipped with a two-way emergency
communication system between the fire control room and the following areas:
- The equipment rooms related to the fire fighting system, especially the pump room of the sprinkler
system, the pump room supplying water to the riser system, the switching room, the generator room and
the elevator machine room.
- All rooms are equipped with control equipment for anti-smoke control system.
- Fire elevators.
- All shelters.
- Control rooms for ventilation systems.
7. MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS
7.1 This regulation stipulates the technical requirements and management requirements that must be
complied with in the new construction, renovation, repair or change of functions of the house, which is a
tool of the housing management agency. about fire prevention and fighting and construction investment
activities.
7.2 Transition conditions
- Construction design dossiers which are appraised and approved on fire prevention and fighting by
competent state management agencies before this Regulation takes effect shall continue to be
implemented according to approved design documents.
- Construction design documents approved after the effective date of this Regulation must comply with
the provisions of this Regulation;
8. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS
8.1 All organizations and individuals when participating in activities related to new construction,
renovation, repair or change of functions of houses and works, including formulation, appraisal, approval,
implementation organization , management and construction of national standards and local regulations
related to apartment buildings must comply with the provisions of this regulation.
8.2 State management agencies in charge of fire prevention and fighting and construction at the central
and local levels are responsible for inspecting the compliance with this Regulation in the formulation,
appraisal, approval and construction management of houses. and works in the area according to the
provisions of law.
8.3 The local state management agencies in charge of fire prevention and fighting and construction are
responsible for coordinating in promulgating regulations related to technical parameters for the design
and construction of roads for fire engines and fire trucks. fire-fighting vehicle parking in accordance with
the characteristics of the local fire-fighting vehicle.
8.4 During the implementation of this Regulation, if there are any problems, all comments should be sent
to the Department of Science, Technology and Environment (Ministry of Construction) for guidance and
handling.
9. ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION
9.1 The Ministry of Construction is responsible for organizing the dissemination and application of this
regulation to relevant entities.
9.2 When legal documents, referenced documents or instructions specified in this Technical Regulation
are changed, supplemented or replaced, the new documents shall apply.

QCVN 062010 Vietnam Building Code On Fire Safety of Buildings

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QCVN 062010 Vietnam Building Code On Fire Safety of Buildings

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QCVN 06:2020/BXD

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS ON FIRE SAFETY FOR HOUSES AND CONSTRUCTIONS

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATIONS ON FIRE SAFETY FOR HOUSES AND CONSTRUCTIONS

Fire resistance limit of Type of fire doors and Type of fireproof

Fire prevention first WASH 150 first first

Fire baffle first I 45 2 first

Fireproof floor first WASH 150 first first

(first) (2) (3)

Doors, gates, flaps, valves 1) first I 60

Fire resistance limit of parts of buffer space, not less than

Fire resistance limit of building structure, not less than

Floors Roof unit without attic Structure of stairs

I R 120 30 LOW 60 CHEAP 30 R 30 LOW 120 R 60

II R 90 15 LOAD 45 CHEAP 15 R 15 LOW 90 R 60

III R 45 15 LOAD 45 CHEAP 15 R 15 LOW 60 R 45

IV R 15 E 15 LOW 15 CHEAP 15 R 15 LOAD 45 R 15

Table 5 - Structural fire hazard class of buildings

Fire hazard class of building structure, not less than

Structural fire Walls,

Group Uses Usage characteristics

(first) (2) (3)

F1.2 Hotels, dormitories, sleeping quarters of nursing facilities and

F1.3 Condominiums, and buildings with similar usage characteristics

F1.4 Single-family dwellings or houses with several adjoining

F2 Mass cultural and sports facilities. The main rooms in

F2.2 Museums, exhibitions, dance halls, theatres, and other similar

F2.3 Facilities mentioned in F2.1 are open to the outdoors.

F2.4 Facilities mentioned in F2.2, open to the outdoors.

F3 Commercial, business and residential service The rooms of these

F3.2 Public catering establishments, restaurants and homes with

F3.4 Outpatient and emergency polyclinics, and homes with similar

F3.5 Guest rooms of public and life service establishments with an

F3.6 Physical training complexes and sports training areas without

F4.2 Universities, colleges, professional improvement schools, and

F4.3 Facilities of regulatory agencies, design organizations,

F4.4 Stations (teams) of fire fighting and rescue, rescue.

F5.2 Warehouses and buildings; parking lots for cars, motorbikes

F5.3 Agricultural service houses.

(first) (2) (3) (4)

From 1 to 5 first ten ten

Over 5 to 10 first ten 15

Over 100 to 200 3 - 40

Over 200 to 300 3 - 55

Over 300 to 400 3 - 70

Over 400 to 500 3 - 80

Over 500 to 600 3 - 85

Over 600 to 700 3 - 90

Over 700 to 800 3 - 95

Over 800 to 1000 3 - 100

Over 1000 1 5 - 110

1 Over 1 to 5 Above 5 to 25 Over 25 to 50 Over 50

(first) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Group houses F1.3, F1.4

Group houses F1.1, F1.2,

I and II S0, S1 D, E ten ten ten ten 15 20 25

I and II S0, S1 A, B, C ten ten 15 20 30 35 40

III S0, S1 D, E ten ten 15 25 35 - -

III S0, S1 A, B, C ten 15 20 30 45 - -

(first) (2) (3)

1- Houses, apartment buildings

- From 5 to 16 floors first 2.5

- From 5 to 16 floors, when the common corridor is 2 2.5

- Over 16 to 25 floors 2 2.5