Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WORD BANK
➔ Adversary
◆ Opponent; enemy
➔ Ambiguity
◆ Statement or event in which meaning is unclear
➔ Banishment
◆ Exile
➔ Boisterous
◆ Stormy; violent; rowdy
➔ Dexterity
◆ Skill; cleverness
➔ Idolatry
◆ Extreme devotion to a person or thing.
➔ Lament
◆ To grieve for
➔ Nuptial
◆ Wedding
➔ Peruse
◆ Look over
➔ Reconcile
◆ To become friendly again
➔ Shroud
◆ A burial cloth
● PAST PERFECT
○ Basic structure: had + past participle
○ I had eaten my lunch when my mom came home.
● USES
➢ Completed Action before Something in the Past
○ Expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the
past. Shows that something happened before a specific time in the past.
○ I had written short stories before I decided to write poems instead.
➢ Duration before Something in the Past (Non-continuous Verbs)
○ Shows that something started in the past and continued up until another
action in the past.
○ I had had that teddy bear since I was a kid before I gave it to my nephew.
● PERFECT CONTINUOUS
○ Basic structure: had been + verb + ing
○ I had been wanting a pet cat for several weeks already.
● USES
➢ Duration before Something in the Past
○ Shows that something started in the past and continued up until another
time in the past.
○ She had been exercising for 30 minutes before her brother interrupted her.
➢ Cause of Something in the Past
○ A good way to show cause and effect of an event before another action in
the past.
○ Xia passed her tests because she had been studying her reviewers for
days.