Unit 2 Lecture 4

MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, GWALIOR, MP.
(A Govt. Aided UGC Autonomous & NAAC Accredited Institute, Affiliated to RGPV. Bhopal)
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Course: Electric Vehicle

Course Code: 900217
Coordinator
Saurabh Kumar Rajput, Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department,
COs
CO1: Impart the Environmental Importance of Electric Vehicles and
their role in society
CO2: Define Electric Drive train topologies and propulsion mechanism

used in EVs
CO3: Design Energy storage and Management strategies for V2G and
G2V concept
CO4: Analyze dynamics of EVs for constant and variable tractive efforts
CO5: Select different components and sizes of EVs
CO6: Design basic modelling of Vehicle dynamics in Simulink
Prof. Saurabh Kr Rajput, Electric Vehicle (900217), Electrical Engineering Department, MITS Gwalior MP.
Vehicle Powertrain Architecture
Hybrid Electric Vehicle
• The basic architecture of HEV is shown in Figure
• The primary source of electricity generation in the EVs is varied
ranging from fossil fuels to the renewable energy sources such as
solar energy.
• Selection and size of electric motor is critically important for the fuel
economy and the dynamic performance of HEV drive that is usually
expressed by hybridization factor (HF)
• Hybridization factor (HF):
• PEM :Maximum output power of electric motor.

• PICE :Maximum output power of IC engine.
• PHEV :Total reactive power.
• HF = 0 for conventional vehicle
• HF = 1 for pure EV
• HF improves the vehicle fuel economy and dynamic performances up to a
critical optimum point.
• This critical optimal point is usually in between 0.3 and 0.5 depending on
the total vehicle power.
• Beyond this critical optimum point, further increasing the electric
propulsion system capacity does not provide additional satisfactory
performance.
• Automobile manufacturers are producing different kinds of HEVs to
improve the vehicle fuel economy and efficiency.
• Classification of HEVs with respect to HF are as follows:
❑ Micro-HEV : HF＜0.1
❑ Mild-HEV : HF＜0.25
❑ Power-assisted HEV : 0.25＜ HF＜0.5
❑ Plug-In HEV : HF＞0.5)
Three Configurations of HEVs
Three Configurations of HEVs
.
.
.
.
.
▪ The selection of electric propulsion system is based on several factors
including- vehicle constraints, driver’s operational demands and type
of energy sources.
▪ In order to design the electric vehicle power train, following points
should be considered
• Type of traction motor and motor control technique.
• Maximum capabilities of speed-torque characteristics and
range of system voltage and current levels;
• Number of traction motor drives and single or multiple speed
transmission in the hybrid system;
• Type of electrical energy storage devices and maximum
energy & power capabilities;
• Battery charger and charging mechanism etc.
.
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
IM Motor Drive
Control of Traction Motors
The required key characteristics from electrical machines for traction
purpose include the following:
● Quick and fast torque response as well as high power density.
● High torque at low speed for starting & climbing as well as high power
for cruising.
● High efficiency over the wide speed range with constant torque and
constant power regions.
● Overload capability, typically twice the rated motor torque for short
durations.
● Small size, reduced weight, lower moment of inertia, acceptable cost
as well as high reliability & robustness for different vehicle operating
conditions.
● In case of faulty operation, the traction motor drive should be fault
tolerant.
.
Motor Drive Technology
Block Diagram of Motor Drive System
.
Analysis and Performance
Control of AC Motor Drive
Variable Voltage Variable Frequency Control of
IM
Important Questions
Q1) What are various advantages and disadvantages of AC drive over DC

drive?
Q2) Enlist different speed control methods of 3 phase Induction motor

drive, Explain any one of them?
Q3) Why the Maximum torque remain constant in Induction motor drive?
Q4) What is the need of maintaining (V/f) ratio constant
.
CO2: Define Electric Drive train topologies and

propulsion mechanism used in EVs.
CO4: Analyze dynamics of EVs for constant and
variable tractive efforts
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
DC Motor Drive
Single Phase Half Wave Converter Drive
.
Thankyou

Unit 2 Lecture 4

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MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, GWALIOR, MP.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Course: Electric Vehicle

CO2: Define Electric Drive train topologies and propulsion mechanism

CO5: Select different components and sizes of EVs

CO6: Design basic modelling of Vehicle dynamics in Simulink

• PEM :Maximum output power of electric motor.

Block Diagram of Motor Drive System

Q1) What are various advantages and disadvantages of AC drive over DC

Q2) Enlist different speed control methods of 3 phase Induction motor

Q4) What is the need of maintaining (V/f) ratio constant

CO2: Define Electric Drive train topologies and

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