12/20/2019

CANAL IRRIGATION SYSTEM

The entire water conveyance system of canal

irrigation is divided into following 3 parts:

1. Primary Distribution System (Main & Branch Canals),

2. Secondary Distribution System (Major & Minor

Distributory),

3. Tertiary Distribution System (Water-courses & Field

Channels).

• This integral management system for CERTAIN IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS:

conveying & distributing Irrigation water
from the Source (River/Reservoir) to the
• Based upon the alignment of canals,
agricultural fields is also known as WARA-
they are classified as following:
BANDI System.

1. Watershed/Ridge Canals,
• The Primary & Secondary distribution
system are fully managed & controlled 2. Contour Canals,
by State Irrigation Department, 3. Side-Slope Canals.
whereas, the Tertiary distribution system
is operated by farmers, themselves.

1. Watershed/Ridge Canals:

1

Introduction:
• These structural elements are required for
conveying the canals across natural drainage
without interrupting the continuous canal
supplies.
• These are costly structures and therefore a
canal should be made to reach watershed or
ridge line as shortly as possible.
12/20/2019
CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS
Types Of Cross Drainage Works:
• Depending upon the relative bed levels,
maximum water levels and relative discharges of
canals and drainages the cross drainage works
may be of following types,
• Type1: Irrigation Canal passes over the
Drainage,
• Type2: Drainage passes over the Irrigation
canal,
• Type3: Drainage and Canal intersection at the
same level.
2
 12/20/2019

A. When CBL is above HFL

• Type-1 CDWs: Irrigation Canal
passes over the Drainage

AQUEDUCT

B. When CBL is below HFL

3
 12/20/2019

A. When SBL is above FSL

• Type-2 CDWs: When Natural
Drainage passes over the
Irrigation Canal

A. When SBL is below FSL

Type-3 CDWs: When FSL & HFL

have same elevation level

4
 12/20/2019

A. LEVEL CROSSINGS

The level crossing consists of following components:

B. INLET & OUTLET
1. Crest Wall: It is provided across the drainage just at the upstream
side of the crossing point. The top level of the crest wall is kept at
the full supply level of the canal.

2. Drainage Regulator: It is provided across the drainage just at

downstream side of the crossing point. The regulator consists of
adjustable shutters at different tiers.

3. Canal Regulator: It is provided across the canal just at

downstream side of the crossing point. The regulator consists of
adjustable shutters at different tiers.