EMAKHANDENI HIGH SCHOOL

GENERAL REVISION

NUTRITION, SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INJURIES AND FIRST AID

1. Define a drug [2]

2. Define doping [2]

3. Identify 5 reasons why performers use performance enhancing drugs [5]

4. Why are drugs prohibited in sport? Suggest 5 reasons [5]

5. Give four sources of drugs [4]

6. State three examples of the following: Choose from the following list

(i). substances banned in and out of competition (completely banned) [3]

(ii). Methods banned in and out of competition [3]

(iii) Substances banned in competition only [3]

Alcohol, anabolic agents, stimulants, gene doping, chemical and physical manipulation, beta-

2 agonists, Diuretics, narcotics, Cannabinoids, beta-blockers, Hormone antagonists,

enhancement of oxygen transfer, Gluco-corticosteroids, peptide hormones

7. Identify two substances banned in certain sports, and the sporting activities in which

they are prohibited

[4]

8. Which drugs cause the following effects on performers? Choose only four

(i). increase muscle size and strength

(ii). Stimulate the production of naturally occurring hormones

(iii). Relax muscles around airways hence can treat asthma

(iv). They aid weight loss

 (v). they increase alertness

(vi). They suppress pain from injuries

(vii). Reduce stress, anxiety and improve confidence [4]

Alcohol, anabolic agents, stimulants, gene doping, chemical and physical manipulation, beta-

2 agonists, Diuretics, narcotics, Cannabinoids, beta-blockers, Hormone antagonists,

enhancement of oxygen transfer, Gluco-corticosteroids, peptide hormones

9. Give three functions of WADA [3]

10. Explain five ways through which drug abuse can be combated in sport [5]

11. What are the side effects of the following drugs? Copy and complete the table below:

Drug Possible side effect

- Lead to infertility, excessive aggression, heart problems

- Peptide hormones -

- Cause excessive dehydration

- Narcotics -

- Stimulants -

- Alcohol -

- Give unfair advantage to athletes in precision events,

e.g. pool

[7]

12. Suggest 6 ways that can be used to prevent injuries [6]

13. Identify two environmental causes of injuries [2]

14. Explain the meaning of

(a). accidental injuries

(b). over-use injuries

 (c). chronic injuries [3]

15. State three examples of over-use injuries [3]

16. Identify two characteristics and one way of treating the following

Environmental condition Two characteristics/signs Way of treatment

Heat exhaustion

Hypothermia

Heatstroke

17. Give two examples of

(a). Soft-tissue injuries

(b). hard tissue injuries [4]

18. Explain the PRICER acronym of managing soft tissue injuries [6]

19. How do we manage hard tissue injuries? [2]

20. Define first aid [2]

21. Suggest 3 duties of a first aider [3]

22. What is a balanced diet? [2]

23. Describe the diet suitable for marathon runners [3]

24. Agnes is a sprinter. Describe, giving reasons

(i). Her diet before activity [4]

(ii). Her diet during activities [4]

(iii). Her diet after activities [4]

25. Give two roles of any threeof the following

 (a). carbohydrates

(b). proteins

(c). fats

(d). minerals

(e). roughage

(f). water [6]

26. Give three examples and three characteristics of unhealthy foods [6]

27. Define any threeof the following

(a). obesity

(b). Body Mass Index

(c). binge eating

(d). anorexia nervosa

(e). bulimia nervosa [3]