Current Electricity

05
 Today’s Goal
Circuit Solving

EMF, Internal Resistance,

Terminal Voltage

Grouping of cells
Q) In the circuit given, find the currents I , I1 , I2
Q) Find i1, i2 and i3
Q) Find current in all resistors : i1 , i2 , i3 , i4 and i5 . Also find potential drop in
each resistor.

2
2
 EMF, Terminal Voltage &
Internal Resistance of Cell
Electromotive Force (EMF):
Potential Difference between two electrodes / terminals of a cell
when no current flows (open circuit)
OR
The Work done on a unit positive charge in moving it across external
as well as internal circuit

𝑺𝒚𝒎𝒃𝒐𝒍 → ∈
𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔 → 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕
Internal Resistance of a Cell :
“ The resistance offered by material of electrolyte to the flow of
Current inside the Cell’’

Factors on which Internal resistance of a cell depends:

1. Nature of electrolyte

2. Area of electrode

3. Distance between the electrodes

4. Concentration of electrolyte

5. Temperature of electrolyte.
Internal Resistance is always in series with the external circuit
Terminal Voltage or Terminal Potential
Difference (V)
Potential difference across the terminals of cell when
current is drawn from cell
Terminal Voltage in Different Situations
1. Discharging of a Cell

2. Charging of a Cell
 Web Version of PW App : https://physicswallah.live/

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